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City Plan 1964 I I I I . I .1 'I I I I I I I I I I I I ',I r'LS 0 N COMPANY ENGINEERS ARCHITECTS t ,/ , '- CITY COMMISSION Carl R. Rundquist - Mayor R. W. Bull Ralph Exline Gaylord E. Spangler R. M. Stark PLANNING- COMMISSION J ames McKim - Chairman C. A. Brooks Robert L. Flory Fred S. Haase Raymond E. Haggart Wilber L. Johnson William H. Odgers Milton Thelander Gilbert Wenger CITY OFF ICIALS Norris D. Olson City Manager Harold F. Harper City Engineer Harold E. Peterson City Clerk Donald Harrison City Treasurer L. O. Bengtson City Attorney Leland M. Srack Former City Manager SEPTEMBER 1964 The preparation of this report was financially aided through a Federal grant from the Urban Renewal Administration, of the Housing and Home Finance Agency, under the Urban Planning Assistance Program authorized by Section 707 of the Housing Act of 7954, as amended. / I II I I I I I I I I I I I I I I 'I I I .-.o=! I I' I 1"i I I 'id I I I I, I I I I I I I I I I GENERAL OFFICES CITY HAL L B U I L DIN G SALINA CITY PLANNING COMMISSION SALINA, KANSAS September 1964 To: Mayor Carl R. Rundquist, City Commissioners and Citizens of the City of Salina It is with considerable pleasure that we transmit to you, for your consideration and adoption, this Comprehensive Plan for Salina's growth and development. With the view of making the entire Salina Community a better place in which to live, your Planning Commission, City Staff members and Wilson & Company, Engineers and Architects, our Planning Consultants, have been studying the many problems which effect the well- being of the City. We are sincerely grateful for the fine cooperation and assistance from the many persons and agencies, public and private, which facilitated our efforts. Particular deserving of recognition are; City Manager, Norris D. Olson; City Engineer, Harold F. Harper and Ralph B. Ricklefs, Jr., Secretary of the Saline County Planning and Zoning Commission, who assisted in the planning program in all of its various phases. The Salina City Plan is, in the truest sense, the joint product of many hours of effort by many public officials and our professional planners. The Plan is a policy statement of community objectives, long-range and practical. Its proposals are capable of achievement within the planning period and within the financial capabilities of the City. If the Plan is to fulfill the objective of being a goal toward which the entire community can focus its efforts in harmony, there must be understanding and acceptance by all citizens. In itself, however, the Plan is only an instrument, and its adoption will not automatically benefit the community. The members of the Planning Commission believe that the planning program for the City has not ended with the completion of the Plan but actually has only begun at this point. After adoption the community should not let the Plan become out-of-date. The Plan should be continually reviewed and updated periodically. Amendments, however, should only be made after thorough, thoughtful study consistent with the overall objectives established for the City. YO: C11Y~ kL James McKim, Chairman Salina City Planning Commission Member. . League of Kansas Municipalities - American Municipal Association ~, / y .{ic ~)" \ ~:,~~l~~V~};c~:"C/~/\ ~, . '>~" .~> 'JVc;:'" " I L~3 ;1';1, '. .,'~ ", '" . ,}i. !h~ \,ft ..'.'{ .~:' .1,",11 .Sif;JV;cV '. r~,:=( , ',f) """"0' /' ; .. ,; , "'i"" """""",.,..j "I".~". 35 ~/!t))~;J: ' I,m " '. .' "-', "- , , ':',.., '- . ~,:'" \ ,:/' ~ "C,;." ,.w ~~~ii~ ," \ i '''/ , " r'~(( "'" 1m ~;; +\/( ,:::( L ;0;~ ( ", ,~'" r;;~,t{;; ,); <~'~} ~,), :?'ii; I' .' ... r ' ,';' ~/ ;</\' :i,' ,.I,or .'i,'. : )/:'(,: ,V V>r;:"r:;~/\ ';f1Ji r:;;' ,'" ,"',,'/,:/;,/':'''';lI'\:jyJ C:::>., , 0.' .. < ,'. ? {;}i: ' .'.. 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"", " . ...... .if,' I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I / , FOREWORD THE COMPREHENSIVE CITY PLAN FOR SALINA IS BASICALLY A GUIDE WHICH ESTABLISHES GOALS, OBJECTIVES AND PRINCIPLES; PROVIDING THE CITIZENS OF THE COMMUNITY WITH A LONG - RANGE PATTERN OF CO- ORDINATED PHYSICAL DEVELOPMENT. IT IS INTENDED TO BE A FRAMEWORK WITHIN WHICH INDIVIDUALS AND PUBLIC OFFICIALS CAN MAKE DEVELOPMENT DECISIONS WITH REASONABLE ASSURANCE THAT THEY ARE WORKING TOWARD THE SAME COMPATIBLE GOALS. THE PLAN RECOMMENDS HARMONIOUS AND ECONOMICAL LAND USE ARRANGEMENTS WHICH INVOLVE A VARIETY OF CONSIDERATIONS. ADEQUATE AND EFFICIENT THOROUGHFARES AND COLLECTOR STREETS, ECONOMICALLY FEASIBLE EXTENSIONS OF MUNICIPAL UTILITY SYSTEMS, ACCEPTABLE POPULATION DENSITIES, PROPERLY SPACED AND SIZED AREAS FOR SCHOOLS, PARKS, PLAYGROUNDS, FIRE STATIONS AND OTHER COMMUNITY FACILITIES, STABILIZATION OF LAND AND INVESTMENT VALUES AND ADAPTIBILITY TO CHANGING CONDITIONS ARE EXAMPLES OF THESE CONSIDERATIONS. THE PLAN, COMPILED BY WILSON & COMPANY - PLANNING CONSULTANTS, UNDER THE GUIDANCE OF THE SALINA CITY PLANNING COMMISSION, IS PRESENTED IN THREE SECTIONS. SECTION 1 - "THE CITY AND ITS PEOPLE" CONTAINS A BRIEF HISTORY OF THE COMMUNITY, A SUMMARY OF PHYSICAL AND SOCIAL CHARACTERISTICS; AN ANALYSIS OF THE ECONOMIC BASE OF THE CITY, AND A FORECAST OF POPULATION GROWTH. SECTION 2 - "THE GENERAL DEVELOPMENT PLAN" CONSIDERS THE THREE MAJOR ELEMENTS OF THE PLAN. THE "LAND USE" AND "COMMUNITY FACILITIES" ELEMENTS ARE ANALYZED IN DETAIL INCLUDING INVENTORIES AND APPRAISALS OF EXISTING CONDITIONS AS WELL AS PROJECTIONS OF FUTURE NEEDS AND GROWTH PATTERNS. THE THIRD ELEMENT, "TRANSPORTATION ", IS PARTIALLY REVIEWED IN THIS PLANNING REPORT. THE STUDY OF THE MAJOR THOROUGHFARE SYSTEM IS THE SUBJECT OF A CONCURRENT PLANNING PROjECT. THE PLAN, PRESENTED IN THE FORM OF WORDS, MAPS AND CHARTS, IS NOT INTENDED TO BE A RIGID SET OF RULES AND REGULATIONS. CONTINUOUS PLANNING MUST BE THE WATCHWORD. THE PLANNING PROCESS IS BEST PERPETUATED BY AN ACTIVE AND NON-PARTISAN PLANNING COMMISSION. THE SUCCESS OF THEIR EFFORTS IS ONLY POSSIBLE THROUGH THE COOPERATION OF CITY, COUNTY AND OTHER GOVERNMENTAL AGENCIES AND THE SUPPORT AND UNDERSTANDING OF THE PEOPLE. '- / 1-- ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Superintendent of Schools - Walter M. Ostenberg Saline County Clerk - Paul F. Swartz - Paul A. Drevets Saline County Engineer - Hugh C. Hull Smoky Hill Historical Museum - Mrs. Mabel Cooley Salina Public Library - Richard]. Newman Salina Recreation Commission - David A. Zook Salina Park Department - I. R. Ricklefs Salina Fire Department - ]. E. Travis Kansas Department of Economic Development, Planning Division Kansas State Highway Commission Kansas State Board of Health Kansas Department of Labor, Employment Security Division The League of Kansas Municipalities Office of Public Information - Schilling A F B U. S. Department of Commerce - Bureau of Public Roads U. S. Department of Commerce - Bureau of Census TABLE OF MAPS GROWTH PATTERN TRADE AREA EMPLOYMENT DENSITY POPULATION DENSITY SALINA PROPER LAND USE PLANNING AREA LAND USE CENTRAL BUSINESS DISTRICT LAND USE GENERALIZED ZONING MAP STRUCTURAL CONDITION NEIGHBORHOOD DEVELOPMENT PLAN COMMUNITY FACILITIES PLAYGROUND AND PARK PLAN WATER SYSTEM SEWERAGE SYSTEM STORM DRAINAGE SYSTEM 1963 TRAFFIC VOLUMES GENERAL DEVELOPMENT PLAN PAGE 3 8 15 19 32 34 36-37 39 41 45 60-61 80 82-83 85 87 90-91 98 I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I II I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I TABLE OF CONTENTS - SECTION 1 - THE CITY AND ITS PEOPLE HISTORY AND GROWTH PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS ECONOMIC CONSIDERATIONS POPULATION - - SECTION 2 - THE GENERAL DEVELOPMENT PLAN LAND USE ELEMENT ZONING STRUCTURAL CONDITION NEIGHBORHOODS -1963 NEIGHBORHOOD LAND USE PROJECTIONS CENTRAL BUSINESS DISTRICT INDUSTRIAL AREAS COMMUNITY FACILITIES ELEMENT SCHOOLS PUBLIC BUILDINGS PARKS AND RECREATION WATER SYSTEM SEWERAGE SYSTEM STORM DRAINAGE SYSTEM TRANSPORTATION ELEMENT - - - 1 2 :3 SECTION 3 -IMPLEMENTING THE DEVELOPMENT PLAN IMPLEMENTATION OF THE PLAN APPENDIX PAGE 1 5 6 16 29 38 38 42 44 57 59 62 62 67 72 83 84 86 88 99 I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I : I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I SECTION 1 THE CITY AND ITS PEOPLE I I ~\ I ..<"-~~. '';::'-z "'-':,' ""-,,,t,, \\ ,\.....^ 'I . " i I I SALI Saline Co. Kansas.IS73. No.9. &lina Public 10. Hapti" 11, Methodist 12, Cfl,th01il~ 13. Pref'uyterum 14 Epi.copal 15. Swe(-;uish Luth'ra.tl 16. dfrlYllUI Courtesy of Smoky Hill Historical Museum I I I I I I. I I I 1 THE CITY AND ITS PEOPLE I HISTORY AND GROWTH I In 1724 a French emissary, who was in the area of what is now Salina, wrote... I I I I I I "This is a fine country, and the most beautiful land in the world. The meadows are rolling like the sea and abound in wild animals, especially in the ox, cow, hind and stag in such quantities as to surpass the imagination. All the tribesmen themselves have splendid horses and are good riders. " Over one hundred and thirty years later, in 1856, the first attempt at settlement near the site of Salina was made by Preston B. Plumb. He recognized the importance of establishing a town near the junction of the Saline and Smoky Hill Rivers. He decided later that the proposed settlement was too far away from the other centers of population in the territory so the plan was abandoned. I In 1858, a party of five men headed by William A. Phillips, a Scottish immigrant, organized the Salina Town Company. They quickly staked out the town site of Saleena, later changed to Salina. In 1859, Saline County was officially established by the Territorial Legislature and Salina was incorporated and designated as the County Seat. I I Alexander Campbell, a member of the town company, opened a trading post and stare in 1859. In June of that year, a flood covered the valleys and washed out the bridges. This influenced him to build a road on higher ground. The new road followed the ridges between the watershed from Salina to Fort Riley and then on to Lawrence. Today, US - 40 Highway follows the approximate route of the old Phillips Road. In 1859, Salina's first hotel was opened. Mr. Phillips started Salina's leading industry when he built a sawmill and grist mill in 1861. During the same year the first Post Office was established. I I I I 1 In 1865, Colonel Phillips returned from the war to find that surveyors were laying out the route of the Kansas Pacific Railroad which had been built as far as Topeka. Colonel Phillips convinced the railroad builders that the Smoky Hill Valley was the best route to follow. In 1867, the railroad reached Salina. A short time later, F. B. J. Hanna arrived with type and press and began publishing the Herald, Salina's first newspaper. Considerable importance was given to settlement of Salina's surrounding territory in 1868 by the First Swedish Agricul- tural Company of Chicago. Thousands of Scandinavians were coming to the United States because of a severe- drought in Sweden and Norway and the Chicago Company proposed to colonize Central Kansas with the immigrants. The Chicago Company bought 13,000 acres in southern Saline and northern McPherson Counties for settlement purposes. In 1869, 250 Scandinavians, mostly Swedes, came to Salina to settle the farm lands that had been purchased for them. Some of these people settled in Salina, and the town became the distribution and trading center for the new settlement area. ".. . The Kansas Pacific Railroad is now open this year to Sheridan, 405 miles west of the Missouri River. .. .. the Herald announced on New Year's Day 1870. Three trains, a "fast" mail, an accomodation train and a mixed train operated between Salina and Kansas City. Fastest schedule, that of the mail train, promised. . . . . . a fast ride of only 70 hours and 20 minutes to Kansas City." Salina was designated a city of the third class, with a population of nearly a thousand, in 1870. The first Court House and Jail were built in the same year. In 1871, the Pacific House, which became one of the leading hotels in Central Kansas, opened for business. The Land Office was moved from Junction City to Salina and the building boom followed. 2 I I As a result of two major fires, which destroyed large parts of the business district in the town's early years of growth, the city council passed an ordinance in 1875 prohibiting construction of wooden buildings inside the city limits. I I I Salina's trade territory was greatly effected in the 1870's by the introduction of winter wheat and in 1878, a steam - powered flour mill was opened; many other industries came to Salina during the following five year period. I The United States Census of 1880, showed the largest proportional increase in population in Salina's history. From a village of 918 in 1870, it had grown into a thriving city of 3,311 in ten years. An industrial census of 1884 showed proof of the city's economic stability. Besides many new homes, Salina had a new waterworks system with a daily capacity of three million gallons. There were also two wholesale grocery firms, five agricultural implement dealers, three flour mills, and many other wholesale and retail es tablishments. The City had six hotels, ten grain elevators, five livery stables, six blacksmith shops, ten churches, and two schools. An opera house was built in 1884, as well as the Salina Normal University, which was later destroyed by fire. I I I I I I The following five years saw the completion of the Missouri Pacific Railroad in 1886, the Chicago Rock Island and the Atchison - Topeka and Santa Fe in 1887. S1. John's Military Academy, located on a 51 acre site on the northern edge of the City was also established during the same year. By 1890, Salina's population was 6,503 and by the end of the century it had grown to 9,105. I I I In 1910, the City's existing Court House was built and the present City Hall was completed the following year. Salina claims the distinction of organizing the first Boy Scout troop in America in January 1, 1910. By 1920, the city's population stood at 14,190. In 1921, Salina voted to adopt the commission - manager form of government, replacing the council system. Marymount College for girls was dedicated in 1922 and during the next few years a major link in the transportation system was completed with the construction of US - 40. I I I I I 1- 1, \1............. ~I.. ...."."'1,, II I: ~ II I i i. AiR I II i Ii . Ii ~\JI I '1 ~ III UV /~..._-_... ( r..qr....iq E FlI'V CHRONOLOGICAL ANN EXA TION ACREAGE ACREAGE TOTAL ADDED PERIOD COLOR 305 1859 0 103 1861 . 408 1870 514 106 1871 . 1880 2338 1814 1881 . 1890 2328 1891 1910 1911 . 2510 182 1920 2938 428 1921 . 1930 2983 45 1931 . 1940 1941 . 3128 145 1950 1951 . 5602 2474 1960 6120 518 1961 . SAlI N A .-. ~N~ 4000 FEET CITY PlANNING COMMI~~ION WI LS 0 N ! COMPANY ENGINE.ERS ~ ARCHliECTS j PLANNING CONSUL T ANTS Representatives from all parts of the State met in Salina in 1911 to formulate plans for the construction of a north - south highway through the center of the state. Winfield Watson of Salina was president of the organization which was called the Meridian Highway Association. In 1925, the Federal Government accepted the organization's plans and began the marking and routing of the highway which became U S - 81. The "City of Salina ", America's first streamliner, was put into service between Salina and Kansas City on 31 January, 1935, by the Union Pacific. Leaving Salina daily at 7 a. m. it arrived in Kansas City three and one-half hours later; seven hours faster than its predecessor the "fast mail" of 1870. Outmoded and too small to accommodate traffic, the "City of Salina" was taken out of service 16 December, 1941. Since its birth to the present, Salina's steady growth and development has made it one of the largest and most important cities in Kansas. Continuous growth for over a century has given Salina stability, dignity and maturity. However, as a result of this growth and maturity, obsoles- cence and blight have been inherited. Certain areas of the City are becoming slums, parts of the business district are obsolete in layout and physical plant, park and recreational areas have fallen far behind modern needs, and both City and County governments need new and expanded facilities to keep abreast of growing service demands. 4 I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I . I I I I PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS I I I GEOGRAPHICAL LOCATION. . . Salina, located only eighty miles southeast of the geographical center of the United States, is the closest large city to the heart of the nation. The geographical center of the State of Kansas is forty miles to the southwest of the City. The junctions of Interstate Highways 70 and 35 Wand of U. S. Highways 81 and 40 at Salina provide transcontinental highway accessi- bility which is second to none. Served by four major railroads, the.City is a geographical center with respect to railwa~ transportation. Scheduled airline services connect with all of the nation's commercial airways. In every important aspect Salina is geographically the hub city of the nation. I TOPOGRAPHY ... Most of the developed area of the City lies in the broad valley of the Smoky Hill River, 85 river - miles downstream from the Kanopolis Reservoir Dam. The downstream distance of 85 miles, when compared to the straightline distance of 22 miles, illustrates the meandering nature of the river. The Smoky Hill River flows north through the eastern section of the City in a controlled channel. This channel confines river flow between a levee and the high ground adjacent to the east bank of the river. New man-made channels cut off a number of river loops and several miles of river tha t previously meandered through the City. The levee system and cut - off channels controlling the Smoky Hill River were a part of a flood control project constructed by the Corps of Engineers and the City, which was completed in 1962. The project included similar work protecting the City from the flooding of Dry Creek, Mulberry Creek and the Saline River on the west and north; collectively the flood control system completely rings the City and is designed to prevent any future flooding. The area so protected totals 12,629 acres. I I I I I I I I Normal river flow is allowed to flow into the old river channel that meanders through the City by means of a control structure located in Indian Rock Park. In periods of excessive rainfall the old channel through the City is used as a ponding area for interior storm waters. Four miles downstream, to the northeast, the Saline River joins the Smoky Hill. The areas adjacent to the City to the north west, north, and northeast are the valleys of Mulberry Creek and the Saline River and are subject to varying degrees of periodic flooding. The effect the new flood protection system for the City will have upon these areas to the north is yet unknown. The flow-way of the Smoky Hill has been shortened and narrowed and the rate - of - flow inc rea sed . The topography of Salina is predominately very flat. The area west of the controlled flood channel rises from approximately 1220 feet above sea level, along the top of the Smoky Hill River bank to only 1240 feet in the southern section of the City, two miles away. The Indian Rock Park area is the only exception on the west side of the new channel. Previous to the channel construction, the Park was a part of the terrain formation which rises sharply to gentle rolling hills that vary in elevation from 1270 feet to 1320 feet on the east side of the river. GEOLOGY ... The level bottom land is composed of alluvium deposited by the Smoky Hill River since glacial times. Friable, silty to clayey soils are found generally on the surface. . Hard clay extends to water - bearing sand and gravel at depths varying from 20 to 30 feet below the surface. The underlying Permian - Wellington formation pinches out the sand - gravel strata in some places. The gentle rolling upland to the east is composed of mantle-rock produced by the disintegration of sands tone or shale bedrock, modified by an accumulation of a yellowish brown loam called loess. Loess short grass plains have a dark brown surface layer containing large amounts of organic matter underlain by a layer of soluble materials such as lime. Where the surface was stable for hundreds of years, clay clogged the subsoil creating a clay - pan condition with the water table perched above the subsoil. 5 Natural resources found near Salina include sand, gravel, salt, oil, clay, volcanic ash, and gypsum. Native tree cover of cottonwood, bur oak, elm, mulberry and willow grow along the banks and slopes of the various streams and water courses. The bottom lands are the prime agricultural crop growing areas and the neighboring uplands are used for cattle grazing. . CLlMA TE. . . Situated in paths of alternating cold -dry polar and warm - humid Gulf air mass movements has the effect of increasing the range of year around temperatures in the Central Kansas Area. The mean daily maximum tempera- tures, by month, vary from a low of 410 to a high of 940 while the mean daily minimums vary from 21 0 to 71 ~ The annual mean temperature is 560. The periods when the temperature falls below zero, as well as those when the temperature rises above 1000, are normally relatively short. Annual precipitation averages about 27 inches. During the peak months of May, June and July, the precipitation averages 3.5 inches per month; off - set in January and February when less than an inch per month may be expected. Snowfall, in measurable quantities, will occur on only 11 days per average year, spread over the 5 winter months. Four of these eleven snowfalls will be in excess of 1.5 inches. Rainfall may be expected on 64 days of an average year. The area is noted for the prevalence of wind of relatively high velocities; including thos~ associated with squalls and thunderstorms. Prevailing winds are southerly with an average annual velocity of approximately 12 m ph. The average relative humidities of 40 % to 50 % in the summer and 60 % to 70 % in the winter are the lowest in the states east of the Rockies. 6 I I I " I I ECONOMIC CONSIDERATIONS I The three major studies basic to city planning are popula- tion, economic base and land use. Each of these major studies includes a number of component parts and each of the studies is closely related to the others. People create economi c opportunities, economic opportunities attract people to the community, and new people and new economic opportunities together create the needs for changing and expanding demands on the land. It is not important to decide which is the cause and which is the effect. I I I Comprehensive planning should be based upon knowledge of the city's economy and the analysis and projections or trends that the economy is likely to take. Economic projections or forecasts are like any other attempt to look into the future; they are vulnerable to error and need to be reviewed and revised periodically. Economic forecas ts are, however, far superior to blind guesswork, or to off - the - cuff assumptions that the community will continue as is, or that it will continue to grow at the same rate as it has in the last decade. I I I I There are one or more major reasons for the existence of any town or city; it may be a trade center, a sea port, a governmental center (a county seat for example), a man ufacturing or resort center, an educational center, etc. Trading is the major or basic reason for Salina's existence and growth. Salina is also a governmental center, as the county seat of Saline County and the location of a considerable number of State and Federal offices. Industrial and manufacturing activities are of importance and the activities and changing roles of Schilling (Smoky Hill) A F B have had dramatic effects upon the economy of the community. I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I Historical and present - day information and data has been collected concerning a number of the economic factors which support the City or that are economic indicators. Obviously the growth pattern and the future of Schilling A F Bare quite vital to any intelligent forecasts or predictions for the future of Salina. Unfortunately, the future of most military installations is virtually impossible to forecast. Other important items of statistical information, such as retail and wholesale trade, employment, sales tax data, banking, building permits, postal receipts, income data and similar indicators of economy have been collected for use in the processes of planning for the future. Representative indicators of the health and vigor of the Salina economy are presented in graphic form to illustrate trends and the relative importance of the various elements that make up the economy of the community. 1950 1955 1960 60 40 ASSESSED VALUATION In Mil/ions Dol/ars 50 ~ 6 50 2 4 40 30 1000 500 7 TRADE ... The economic development of Salina has been largely dictated by its favorable location with respect to highway and railway transportation since this one factor, accessibility, is of vital importance to trade. The retail, wholesale and service industries of the City are the principal sources of income as can be seen on the graph illustrating the principal categories of "Employment"; accounting for nearly 48 percent of the total labor force. 8 SALINA TRADE AREAS A recent survey of 70 representative establishments revealed tha t the trade ind us tries serve lar ge primary areas, and secondary and tertiary areas that reach into neighboring states. A composite of this survey, in the form of a "Trade Area" map, has been included to show the extent and shape of the areas supporting this important segment of the Salina economy. An analysis of this trade position, and the potentials of the future, must necessarily include recognition of the continuing downward trend of rural population and the decline of population in most of the counties in the Salina trade area. Rural population in Kansas represented only 39 percent of the State total in 1960 as compared to 48 percent in 1950. Between 1950 and 1960, 70 of the 105 counties in Kansas experienced a decline in population. Of the 35 counties which had increases in population, only one increased at a faster percentage rate than Saline County - 129 % in Johnson County as compared to 63.8 % in Saline County. I I I I II I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I POPULATION DECREASE 1950 - 1960 - -- ----- PERCENT DECREASE !:;:::::::,:::::,:::::::,A 0 - 10 ~::::::::::::::::::::::::::3 11 - 20 24 - 26 U. S. Census The economic health of the trade industries of the City is quite obviously related to the prosperity and growth of the region they serve. For that reason, the Salina community should be vitally interested in preserving, strengthening and increasing the well- being and livelihood of north central and wes tern Kansas counties. POPULATION DENSITY 1960 PERSONS PER SQUARE MILE 0-4.9 I I 5 14 9 !..............I -- . ;:;:;:::;:;:;:;::;:;:;:::;: 15 - 29. 9 l;:;:;:;:;:~:~:;:j:;:;:;:;:~ 30 - 49.9 50 OR MORE CENTER OF POPULATION * U. S. Census 9 The graphs illustrating the distribution of wholesale and retail sales and of receipts of selected services in percent of total sales indicate the relative importance of major trade items. The breakdown of wholesale sales shows the predominance of farm products, grains and livestock sales, which represent 71.5 perCent of the total wholesale trade. The importance of the automotive sales and repairs in both retail sales and service receipts is typical. SALES In Millions of Dollars 200 160 120 80 40 1948 1958 SALINE COUNTY U. S. Census 10 I DISTRIBUTION OF RETAIL SALES In Percent of Total Dollars I DRUGS "'! 3.0% FURNITURE 3.7% APPAREL 4.9% EATING, DRINKING 5.5% GASOLINE 7.7% ALL OTHER 8.2% LUMBER, HARDWARE 11.4% Ge:NERAL 11.9% MERCHANDISE AUTOMOTIVE 20.2% DEALERS FOOD 23.5% 0 10 20 I I I I I 1958- SALINE COUNTY - TOTAL $67,015,000 U. S. Census I I I I DISTRIBUTION OF WHOLESALE SALES In Percent of Total Dollars I I ELECTRICAL.GOODS 1.3% MOTOR VEHICLES, 2.8% AUTOMOTIVE EQU1P. GROCERIES 3.4% MACHINERY, 4.2% EQUIPMENT , HEATING, 4.3% MISCELLANEOUS 12.5% FARM PRODUCTS 71.5% 0 30 60 I I I I 1958-SALlNE COUNTY - TOTAL $148,836,000 U. S. Census I I I I I I I I I I I I I I AGRICUL TURE ... Agriculture cannot be overlooked as an important contributor to the economy of the community even though the number of persons directly employed on the farms has been steadily declining as a result of increasing farm size and mechanization. This trend is, of course, general throughout Kansas and the United States. I I I Despite the drop of nearly 300 in the number of farms in Saline County in ten years, the total acreage in farm use remains rather constant. Total acreage in farms decreased 8.5 percent (38,700 acres) between 1954 and 1959. Highway rights -of-way, city and airbase expansions, flood control construction, and many other changes in land use, including return of lands to non-productive status, account for the I I I I decrease in farm acreages. Smaller farms being consolidated with the larger units has increased the size of the average farm from 306 to 424 acres. This trend toward larger farms in Saline County is illustrated in the following table: SIZE IN ACRES NUMBER OF FARMS 19S4 1959 under 10 57 20 10 to 49 71 64 50 to 69 23 17 70 to 99 89 53 100 to 139 53 42 140 to 179 153 118 180 to 219 47 39 220 to 259 124 78 260 to 499 365 308 500 to 999 184 182 1000 or more 46 59 TOT ALS 1212 980 AGRICUL TURAL TRENDS - SALINE COUNTY PERCENT 1949/1950 1959/1960 CHANGE TOTAL NUMBER OF FARMS 1,277 980 - 23.5 PERCENT OPERATED BY TENANTS 32 (A) 29 (A) - 9.5 AVERAGE SIZE OF FARMS 306 (B) 424 (B) + 38.5 AVERAGE VALUE OF LAND a. BUILDINGS $ 32,466 ( c ) $ 59,248 ( c ) + 82.5 AVERAGE VALUE OF LAND a. BUILDINGS $ 106 (0 ) $ 137 (0) + 29.0 VALUE OF PRODUCTS SOLD (IN THOUSANDS) ALL CROPS $ 3,662 $ 5,542 + 51.5 LIVESTOCK a. PRODUCTS $3,013 $ 5,207 + 73.0 DAIRY PRODUCTS $525 $556 + 6.0 pou L TRY a. PRODUCTS $ 369 $153 - 58.5 TOTAL $ 7,568 $11,459 + 51.5 NUMBER OF CATTLE a CALVES 31,600 39,000 + 23.5 AVERAGE VALUE OF PRODUCTS SOLD $19.50(0 ) $27.50(0 ) +41.0 ( A) Percent ( B) Acres ( c) Per Farm ( 0) Per Acre 11 12 I INDUSTRY - MANUFACTURING. . . Historically, the State of Kansas has been agriculturally oriented although in recent years manufacturing has become a more dominant factor and surpassed agriculture as a wealth producing factor. The changes that have occurred have been significant but the gains have not kept pace with industrial growth in other sections of the country. To date the industrial growth in the Salina community has been less than in most of the larger cities of the State. Between 1950 and 1960 the population of Salina increased 65 percent while industrial employment increased only 27 percent. While new industry is most desirable to balance and diversify the economic base, it is also necessary for the more important purpose of halting the exporting of young people to areas with better employment possibilities. The economy of the State, or of the City, will never reach its full potential until this export trend is slowed, stopped, or even reversed. The educational facilities of the City, and those in the State, are second to none and the percentages of young people completing high school and college are steadily increasing. I I I I I I I I EDUCATION TRENDS - SALINA Persons 25 Years Old and Over I I I I I 1950 MEDIAN SCHOOL YEARS COMPLETED 12.0 PERCENT WHO COMPLETED LESS THAN 5 GRADES 3.8% PERCENT WHO COMPLETED HIGH SCHOOL OR MORE 50.3 % PERCENT WHO COMPLETED COLLEGE not available 1960 12.3 2.1 % 59.3% 10.2% Vocational training is soon to be offered to residents of the community and surrounding area. While a trained supply of technicians available in Salina will be a powerful force for industry to locate in the community, it will take an all- out coordinated and sincere effort to accomplish industrial growth. I I I If the new industry does not materialize, we will be training and educating even more of the younger people for the labor export market. I I I I The long list of location factors and considerations which are important to industries seeking new development sites includes markets, labor, basic materials and services, water and waste disposal, power and fuel, government and legis- lation, community characteristics, financing, weather, site data and transportation. I I The situation at Salina can be generalized as rating from fair to excellent in the dozens of detailed items that are examined by those choosing plant sites. Each type of industry has its own criteria and there is wide variation in requirements. Water, for example, may be needed in voluminous or in insignificant quantities dependent upon the processes involved. Transportation and accessibility is one consideration, however, which is almost always of prime concern. This one attribute of Salina is surely worthy of emphasis. Industry and manufacturing can be attracted by this one factor if other considerations are comparable. I I I I Based upon economic and technological trends and upon future industrial growth prospects, industrial employment will increase. The Plan provides a variety and range of industrial sites on which it will be economically feasible to establish industrial developments. Employment densities ranging from three to ten employees per indus trial acre have been forecasted. An average of five employees per acre on 980 acres of new industrial land - a total of 4,900 new industrial jobs - is suggested as the primary goal to which the entire community should be directed. A greater emphasis must be placed on the expansion of industry in Salina to the end that manufacturing becomes a much more important element in the economy of the community. I I I I I I TRANSPORTATION -COMMUNICATIONS - UTILITIES. .. This category of employment has shown little change in total number of employees in the last ten or fifteen years. There have been shifts within the classification itself that are significant. Railroad employment has declined which was off - set by increases in the trucking industry. There have been minor decreases in communications and small increases in the utilities category. Continual increases in this element of employment are expected in the planning period, primarily as a result of new and expanded trucking associated with industrial growth and the completion of the Interstate highways. I I I I I CONSTRUCTION ... Employment in this classification is subject to continually changing requirements. As a community grows there is an accompanying increa.se in the numbers of relatively permanent employees but the total construction labor force often varies sharply when special and large projects are initiated and when they are completed. The in and out migration of workers on air base projects and on highway construction work are examples. Salina is, however, the home of a number of construction companies both large and small. Together they make up a significant part of the total labor force. Much of the work enjoyed by these firms is outside of the Salina community; in central and western Kansas, as well as in neighboring states. Employment in this classification of the labor force is expected to increase, paralleling the growth of the City. GOVERNMENT .... Employment in this income group continues to grow at a high percentage rate which closely parallels the growth of the community. The need for additional city, county, school, and other governmental employees increases with each new increment of population. The numbers of State and Federal employees also increase with the growth of the community. These trends in governmental employment will not change in the foreseeable fu ture . 13 INCOME TRENDS . . . As will be noted in the accompanying table of income trends, median family incomes in Salina increased nearly 68 percent in the period between 1950 and 1960. During these same ten years, the median family income for the State increased almost 88 percent; from $ 2823 to $ 5295. The increases in Wichita and Topeka were 80 percent; 74 percent in Hutchinson, and 71 percent in Kansas City. The detailed income data for the State,and its major cities, indicates that the greatest increases were experienced in those classes of employment associated with manufacturing. The median income of wage earners employed in manufacturing is considerably higher than those in the "white - collar" retail and wholesale trade classifications. INCOME TRENDS - SALINA US Census 1950 PERCENTAGE CHANGE 1960 POPULATION NUMBER OF FAMILIES MEDIAN FAMILY INCOME INCOME LESS THAN $2,000 INCOME LESS THAN $3,000 I NCOME OVER $ 5,000 INCOME OVER $10,000 NO, OF CIVILIAN PERSONS EMPLOYED PERCENTAGE OF TOTAL POPULATION EMPLOYED 26,176 7,105 $ 3,260 21.8% NA 18.6% NA 10,217 +46.9% 43,202 11,459 $ 5,475 NA 14.9% NA 11.8% 15,009 +65.0% +61.9% +67.9% 34.7% 39.0% -11.0% N A - Not Avo; I able 14 I EMPLOYMENT FORECAST ... The structure of Salina's economy is expected to shift. The economic importance of agriculture will 'continue to decline although the rate of decline will lessen and this segment of the economy will tend to level off. The trade elements, retail, wholesale and service industries, will continue to predominate the economic base of the community although the gains will be slightly less than in the previous two decades. Manufacturing and related industrial businesses and employment are expected to become increasingly important as a result of an all- out effort on the part of business leaders and local governmental officials. This joint effort is strongly recommended by the Planning Commission in the interest of broadening the economic base of the City. If industry and manufacturing are attracted to the City, reduced activities or closure of the Air Base will have a lesser and shorter -lived effect on the economy of the community. I I I I I I I I I I I I I .1 I I I I -I-,i--C] I( Uj itc:\;?~I!u";1~~~' ;,';~\'. ' ,~ ~ I a"M;I?,'C20'~ /VI E: IV, .1; '>"'J,f~ :.) ,',,' ~.{Y',..~ (:) , )'" r ~ ' lJEIVS/,Y" ~' ~ ~~h )",s/ ,_' '-'i' '. . .... :\--< , I.. _ .. i, i&'; .' i"\ 1; V',''. : ~~9 ,~,\,y;~=:r'! ?' ,t;' L J: " ,J.\~1 ! ~'[';V~!?}!'; '" (C,,,]}; ("'0: ~/I. ~:,::;"':"":~;';-:;)~~;>/"'''''"' -""I"! ,I ~ ;'c ,,' " v..~):.::. ~~~:~\'jJ;: I" : 'y .;.; : /// .;< i fi:;, .../ ,.. - ;;.;' "~_ -.: : ~l>" /' (j flY . \ "u". .... ,t: ,'=; ,,"c, , _ c/ l \ .' '/)) I; A, ,,;,:' \\'i~ (lJJTIh~t ;/ ' ,i , ~'i: ..} JiBE'lL ,I,' ... ,\(,:=., :c,,",,,,,, ::; Y . ,_~. I, '~'L\\,. . .."'" !' : ...... .... I, I , r ".I I,.... 1"::=1 ~. ! II , t Ii ";Ij~ -I I' I II I' " ,',,..j ", ; , >-;:, [ 'j> :' '\ ....- ~\ I............. ~1~~ ;i ,) .... ' ;-~ ,.'- I n; 'f / ~ ~~l;2i;,....~~ '.: r "'" N~= f~Y';Y) L. :: \ l:\': ,/i~, \~ ,\~<~., ::~l~: . .' < ~.. ~"\ \~~~:fi~ "'f\' ~jJ.J.i,~:F .,' J); ti .. ...... .;7 \ ; \, ; ~1:f=.i11 ,..II c ')'\ 'i\, :( ,; \' < '/1 : {L,'ii . ....... ~1 <j ;'i ]. (: "\'1=::));" }ltJ' tE/r]:J . ... "', '[, i:~\, , .~~~) :J':1'(' ................. ........ l<t ............. 'i 1:"~.. i" ...., '. .. .:,L;:..' 1 / / / i, . . < . ,'" ..... ......................../.,..,. t I( ,/>: . " >/:'J J !" . !f . ... ,( .ti"i'f' : .I I. ,:;',...;r:>>' // I, ,,': ,': I SCHiLLlNC AiR FORCE 51<.$[ . i : I "I Ii ..~ . Ii ~.' " I......",.".. i.. i,.. ... " . ! ....~, '... Lf'/ Ii !i EACH DOT REPRESENTS 10 EMPLOYEES . AREAS CONTAINING OVER . 150 EMPLOYEES SAlI N A CITY PlANNING COMMISSION .-. ~N~ I , 4000 FEET 11LSON COMPANY ENGINEERS t ARCHITECTS I PLANNING CONSULTANTS r '~.1" I I ,I POPULATION , Despite the desire and the great need for reliable population forecasts, such projections are not a precise or exact science. Changes in population are the net result of two variables. The trends of natural increases, the differences between births and deaths, can be developed with acceptable accuracy. Net migration, the movement of people into and out of the community, is difficult to analize and predictions of this second variable are subject to a variety of complex- ities. The marked effects of the changing roles of Schilling A F B are well known by residents of the Salina community. The drought in the thirties, World War II, and the Korean War are as impossible to predict as would be the effects of new major industrial developments. I I I I I It is possible, however, to make reasonably accur~te forecasts by use of a variety of acceptable methods which involve study and analysis of past local, state and national trends. The migration and natural increase and Cohort- Survival methods, a number of mathematica~ and geometric computations, comparisons with recent utility company forecasts and those of technical consultants to the City, and comparison wi th national and state projections resulted in forecasts of population in 1985 which ranged from a high of over 94,000 to alow of 54,000. The exponential projection most closely parallels the actual 1940 -1960 percentage increase while the power and logarithmic projections compare most favorably with the numerical increase in that same period. Recent experience indicates that utility company predictions fall on either side of actual growth curves, with the telephone company the most optimistic. I I I ,I I I As a result of considerable analysis and study, population growth rates of 24 percent by 1970, and of 22 percent between 1970 and 1980, were selected as reason~ble forecasts. In the opinion of the Planning Commission, these projections are not overly optimistic and the Plan is based upon populations of 59,000 by 1975 and 72,000 in the year 1985. ,I I. I I I I I State and national population trends have had, and will continue to have, a significant effect upon the growth of the Salina community. In the past sixty years the United States has changed from a rural to a predominantly urban nation. This trend is equally apparent in the State of Kansas. In 1951, 52 percent of the Kansas population resided in urban areas, in 1961 this percentage had reached 61 percent. The percentage of the state's population in cities over 25,000 increased from 22.8 to 29.2 percent in the same period. As a result of this distinct trend, Salina is rapidly reaching metropolitan area status .... basically, defined, by the Bureau of the Census, as a city with 50,000 inhabitants or more. In 1960, Salina ranked 368th of the 680 cities in the United States wi th populations of 25,000 or more. In 1950, Salina was 461 st of 484 cities exceeding the 25,000 inhabitants figure. Only 31 cities of the 484 cities listed in the 1950 ranking grew at a faster rate than Salina, and 23 of those 31 cities were in the States of Arizona, California, Florida and Texas. I I I I I I I CITY - COUNTY GROWTH By Census Year I 55.000 I 35.000 I 25.000 I 15.000 I I lO.OoC I I 1900 1910 19Zo 1930 1940 1950 1960 I I STATE GROWTH By Census Year 2 MILLION 1.5 MILLION MILLION 0.5 MILLION 1900 1910 1920 1930 1940 1950 1960 NATIONAL GROWTH By Census Year MILLION 150 MILLION 100 MILLION 50 MILLION ZOO 1900 1910 1920 1930 1940 1950 19&0 17 Fifty-nine of the eighty cities of Kansas, with populations of 2,500 or more in 1960, increased in size between the 1950 and 1960 censuses. Salina's population increase of 65 percent was the 16 th highest of these fifty-nine cities. Other percentage rates of growth include Derby (1394.9) and Shawnee (973.6), while Fort Scott experienced a decline of nine percent. The accompanying graph illustrates the forecasted popula- tion growth pattern which was selected for use in the development of this Guide Plan. For comparison purposes, the past growth trends for Saline County, Kansas Urban, Kansas, U. S. Urban and the United States have been included. POPULATION PROJECTION 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 18 I ,I I DENSITY .,. Saline County Assessor data was used to determine the population per block in the City and the population in the unplatted areas in the planning area. This information is summarized on the map of "Population Density". Except for two relatively small areas, none of the densities exceed 45 persons per net residential acre. There is no apparent pattern of densities in the ranges of 11 to 25 and 26 to 45 persons per acre. Low densities of 1 to 10 persons per acre are confined to the areas east of the river. and to those areas at the extreme south where development is incomplete. Low residential densities are also found in the Central Business District. I I , I I I 70,000 60,000 I I I I 50,000 40,000 30,000 20,000 I 10,000 "t t I I 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 I n_ ==~ i I:", l~ ,., i k ~ 'C,,,, ~ I "\~j<. ~. "i'/i ;'" i ~\;;Y" -"..~ ((;/ j// . 1'" ~"I' - !t~!' " ( :"..":'?~?~, ".';;B,ss;:;ff/J "If;,<.1 :' )) '1~~, ' ';:.' i' "~ L/ 11""""~:.~lj :,,~E \ c;":)T;J:'::'~~'~".i .J~ I [~ ~ :il"""!I'~ i I., ~~= >")'] C- ,J_.,,-Jil.. 'li'i';;'1'~q~? I:>.. 'F: /".._" I 1/--,.'.0 it . 1/( ~...- ) ).. -"",' ~lt~' . 11 ~-ll t t01'il; n, L..._ i ~l r. 1 I _.____2 i 1=: , i ! I ' -1 i i , , I 1'"."" i"I. \ ! 1 , I I~t I u SCH iLL! NG AlA FORCE BASE -If''' li'--"',' :J I I Y,>.;,::':! ':y .,. / ,.L+--+-.."".. >~< .I' l""""""""""'i I" l~ I.I~ 1<: ". A c .......1............. :~ \. '~\ ~ I. I~.... ,. i.. W ')R([S~~(~~c)~.j~\:~]i~ .....,-d:; RO ~iU LJ"~,' 0 1'1 : .'_ ,....j::::.:.......'::::...... ," ....'u___,.....~,...,', . iLt:itfiiJ.s IT Y pK~. ~I~ ,,:'\\ ,~j,'\'i' j:y,,: . i ~01.:;"; (~"\ ! ~1;;f!';-:;<- J ,."i",C,.. \\, """""" II i &; rD";;:;" fl':;,> ..;,..'i':';~ t/;::::.L:;)/ .:,':I1;C::::~~" : ::~::~~:~>{ : . """'<i )} ~?;/:A' , ",,,;\::<;::/ J ! // // (/< / ~".' . - r' / : ,..,.J .,.. , , I , .. I .....- . "" ( _....:~) /j ""'~::'" c."x...., '0"" V fL' '.....1 ~ ~~JI (\,(~~" !'X'.""" \, ,h ,......,".... :,:,....L,I.j-<\ M;ji'iI(;PIlL "p :~~l L ! , '" 1 t i,':'" , ! :::/,'1 I" (l /x~\ -', ~, \\,'.:I~:::::; ~ \5i\ Lr/ \J~~) c,,~2~>:'C>' \ l\ i ~~ ~ I;~,!; ...~. !....................'" ,r!,;:~,i /".,i! J):~ /;:::,~':':;;:~i)'...//'J/' ! Ln'''I! :~~!;) ) r....'"'''''' /" , \ _.L._ <::....K'S '~.I:::' ,." t'..... 'o..r ~_.... '--...... ....,. /< 1/ .. j/ PERSONS PER ACRE 1 - 10 11 - 25 26 - 45 46 - 70 ~ . EJ . SAUNA :~ ~ILSON CITY PlANNING + fOMPANY COM MIS SID N PLA~~N~ ~~:~i~SJTS The density ranges used in this analysis are derived from standards recommended by the American Public Health Association Committee on the Hygiene of Housing; standards which have been widely accepted by the planning profession. The table "Residential Density Standards" has been included for reference. These standards are the basis for many of the features of Sub-Division Regulations and Zoning Ordinances since the control of population density is a prime function of such regulatory measures. RES IDE N T I A L DEN SIT Y S T AN D A R DS TY PE OF DWELLING UNIT The average population density per net residential acre for the City is 18.8 which is in the middle of the desirable density range for single - family dwellings. The table of "Population Densities" indicates the relative position of Salina with respect to density per gross total area of the larger cities of Kansas in 1960. It is significant to note that between 1950 and 1960 the number of persons per acre in Salina dropped from 8.9 to 8.2, and, per square mile, from 5690 to 5250 This is due, in large measure, to the trends in land platting which provide larger lots, decrease the areas dedicated as streets and eliminate the use of alleys. I I I II I I PE RSO NS-PER-ACR E DESIRABLE MAXIMUM I F AMI L IES-PE R-AC RE DESIRABLE MAXIMUM DENSITY RANGE PERSONS-PER-ACRE - .. I J 1 to 10 ~ 5 7 18 25 11 to 25 SINGLE-FAMIL Y ESTATE TYPE DETACHED TWO-FAMIL Y SEMI-DETACHED (~1 ~ OR DETACHED THREE-OR FOUR-FAMILY ATTACHED (ROW) a.4l........411.. I I I I OR ~ S EMI-D ET ACH ED MULTI-FAMILY APARTMENTS 2"STORY ~ ~ 3.STORY 20 I I 10 36 I I I 43 26 to 45 12 I 16 I 52 68 46 to 70 19 25 30 108 I I, 90 71 to 110 40 144 111 to 165 I 45 162 I I, I I I Salina, as indicated in the tabulation of population densities of Kansas cities, is the fifth most densely settled city in the State. The 1960 density of 5,250 persons - per - square mile is 23 % higher than the average density of the other 14 Kansas cities with populations over 15,000. This density can be compared with cities such as Union City, New Jersey, which has 40,000 persons - per - square mile or Hilo, Hawaii, with a density of less than 90 persons - per- square mile. Comparisons of this nature can be very misleading and should not be used without other facts with respect to each city. For example, the inclusion of airports, country clubs, recreational areas, and other large tracts of land within a city's boundaries will decrease the average density of the city. Some cities have adopted annexation policies that add relatively undeveloped areas around the perimeter of the communi ty which will also reduce the " average" density of population for the city. I I 'I I I I I I I I I I I POPULATION DENSITIES of Kansas C i t ie s PERSONS PER PERSONS CITY SQ. MILE (a) PER ACRE Manhattan 6200 9.7 Junction City 6000 9.4 Emporia 5850 9.1 Prairie Village 5500 8.6 SA LI N A 5250 (b ) 8.2 Wichita 4900 7.7 Overland Pork 4150 6.5 Lawrence 4050 6.3 Pittsburg 3700 5.7 Hutchinson 3450 5.4 Coffeyville 3350 5.2 Topeka 3300 5.2 Kansas City 3000 4.7 Leavenworth 2700 4.2 Great Bend 2650 4.1 AVERAGE 4270 6.7 I (a) areas used in these calculations are gross areas within 7960 city boundaries. (limits) - data from 1960 U. S. census. I (b) in 7950 the densities for Salina were 5690 per sq. mile or8.9 persons per acre. I POPULATION CHARACTERISTICS ... The 1960 U. S. Census of Population disclosed several important findings which have implications on future planning. The tables "Selected Population Statistics" and "Comparison of Population Statistics" reveal a number of important facts. Salina has a higher than average percentage of persons under 18 years of age and between the ages of 18 and 64; and considerably less than average in the 65 years and over age group. The median age in Salina of 25.3 is more than 4.5 years younger than the State average. The drop of 5.5 years in median age between 1950 and 1960 can be compared to the drop of 1.2 years in the State, or 1. 7 years in Urban Kansas. Without doubt, this trend can be attributed to a great exten t to air base personnel and their wives. To further point out the "youngness " of the Salina community, the age group distribution has been illustrated graphically. One graph distributes the population in numbers of people per age group and the other in terms of percent of the total population. A comparison of the Salina grouping with that of Urban Kansas indicates three significant facts: 1. There is a preponderance of persons in the 20 to 29 age groups. 2. A slightly lower percentage of children in the 5 to 14 age groups, and 3. A considerably higher percentage of children under 5 years of age. The first and the third of these facts are closely related and represent the younger married couples and their families. The effects of the large number of children under five in 1960 was noticed in the kindergarten and first grade enrollments as early as 1961. Social and economic characteristics of the population such as age and sex composition, distribution and density, education, housing, marital status, family and household data, employment, occupation and income are basic to a comprehensive planning study. Population data is essential in the determination of the need for and the location of the various facilities the community must provide. This data is necessary in planning for homes, stores, schools, governmental buildings, parks and playgrounds, streets and pu blic utili ties. 21 PERCENT OF POPULATION BY AGE GROUP SELECTED POPULATION STATISTICS 1960 U.S. Census I I COMPARISON OF POPULATION STATISTICS 1960 U.S. Census PERCENT PERCENTAGE OF POPULATION FERTILITY INCREASE UNDER 18 18 TO 64 65 & OVER RATIO 1950-1960 SALINA 36.6 55.6 7.9 617 65.0 PARK CITY 51.7 (H) 47.2 (L) 1.1 745 N.A. LINDSBORG 25.0 (L) 55.0 20.0 354 9.5 HOLTON 28.0 49.6 22.4 (H) 464 11.9 HAYSVILLE 50.8 48.3 1.0 ( L ) 841 (H) N.A. LAWRENCE 28.4 63.1 (H) 8.5 394 40.7 MISSION H IL LS 32.6 56.7 10.7 236 (L) 184.0 STATE OF KANSAS 35.4 53.6 11.0 515 14.3 15 10 SALINA URBAN KANSAS - AGES 85 - Over 80 - 84 . . 75 - 79 70 - 74 65 - 69 60 - 64 55 - 59 50 - 54 45 - 49 40 - 44 35 - 39 30 - 34 25 - 29 20 - 24 15 - 19 10 - 14 5 - 9 Under - 5 0 PERCENTAGE PERCENT TOTAL INCREASE POPULATION 19S0 - 1960 SALIN A 43,202 65.0 (a) SALINE COUNTY 54,715 63.8 (e) URBAN KANSAS 1,328,141 33.8 RURAL KANSAS 849,870 (-) 6.8 (b) STATE OF KANSAS 2,178,611 14.3 (c) I I I . . II I I The fertility ratio is an index used by the Bureau of Census to indicate population growth tendencies of a community. It is defined as the number of children under 5 years old for every 1,000 women between the ages of 15 and 49. The ratio for Salina is over 100 children higher than that for the State or for Urban Kansas and is the seventh highest in the State. In 1963 over 25 percent of the population was enrolled in the parochial and public schools of the city. I I 10 15 I I I I I I I (H) highest in state ( L) lowest in state (N.A.) not applicable - city not established in 1950 22 I I HOUSEHOLDS PERCENT OF PERCENT POPULATION PERCENTAGES IN CREASE AVERAGE IN GROUP MEDIAN AGE FERTILITY UNDER 1 B 1B TO 64 6S & OVER 19S0-1960 POPULATION QUARTERS 1960 19S0 RATIO(f) 36.6 55.6 7.9 61.5 3.14 (d) 1.9 25.3 30.8 617 (g) 36.2 56.1 7.7 53.8 3.21 4.9 24.9 31. 1 620 (g) 35.6 54.5 9.9 32.6 3.11 2.3 28.8 30.5 514 35.1 52.0 12.8 (- ) 6.3 3.19 4.0 31.8 31.7 515 35.4 53.6 11.0 14.5 3.14 2.9 29.9 31.1 515 (a) U. S. urban population increased 29.3 percent - 16th highest of 87 urban places in Kansas (b) U. S. rural population decreased 0.9 percent (c) U. S. total population increased 18.5 percent (d) highest in state was 4.35 at Park City lowest in state was 2.61 at Anthony ( e) 2nd highest of 105 counties in Kansas ( Johnson County was 129 percent) 70 counties lost population ( f) number of ch i Idren under 5 years old per 1000 women 15 to 49 years old (g) seventh highest ratios in state I I I I I I I I POPULATION DISTRIBUTION BY AGE GROUP Salina Total I AGES 0 0 1000 OVER 85 80 - 84 75 - 79 70 - 74 65 - 69 60 - 64 55 - 59 50 - 54 45 - 49 40 - 44 35 - 39 30 - 34 25 - 29 20 - 24 15 - 19 10 - 14 5 - 9 UNDER 5 NUMBER OF INHABITANTS 3000 2000 1000 I I I I I I I I I U. S. Census I 2000 3000 FEMALES 23 SA L I N A HOUSING STATISTICS 1960 U. S. Census TYPE OF STRUCTURE NUMBER PERCENT SINGLE FAMILY DETACHED 10,534 73.7 ATTACHED 928 6.5 TWO FAMILY 989 6.9 3 & 4 FAMILY 656 4.6 SORMORE FAMILY 704 4.9 TRAILER 493 3.4 TOTAL 14,304 100.0 HOUSING. . . Facts concerning the many aspects of housing in a community are valuable in the formulation of a plan for the future. A wide variety of data is collected by the Bureau of the Census. The accompanying tables of Salina housing statistics permit certain comparisons and include items of information that may be surprising to many citizens; for example, the numbers of dwellings without heat, without water, without bathing facilities, or without indoor toilets. There is a distinct relationship between much of this data and statistics with respect to housing conditions including structural considerations. Evaluations of structural condi- tions are included in the residential land use analysis in Section 2. I I I I I I I I I SELECTED HOUSING STATISTICS 1960 U.S. Census IN MEDIAN POPULATION IN ON E STRUCTURES NUMBER OF PER OWNER RENTER HOUSING UNIT BU IL T ROOMS HOUSEHOLD OCCUPIED OCCUPIED STRUCTURES 19S0 - 1960 SALIN A 4.7 3.14 60.3 39.7 (b) 83.6 35.5 (c) HUTCHINSON 4.8 2.97 65.6 34.4 80.4 20.8 URBAN KANSAS 4.8 3.11 67.5 32.5 84.0 29.9 STATE OF KANSAS 5.0 3.14 68.9 31.1 89.0 24.3 HIGHEST KANSAs(a) 5.8 4.35 94.6 52.8 100.0 81.7 CITY PRAIRIE PARK PRAIRIE JUNCTION PRAIRIE PRAIRIE VILLAGE CITY VILLAGE CITY VIL LAGE VILLAGE LOWEST KANSAS (a) 4.1 2.61 47.2 5.4 55.7 7.7 CITY JUNCTION ANTHONY JUNCTION PRAIRIE MANHATTAN PITTSBURG CITY CITY VILLAGE SOUND WITH ALL PLUMBING I I 76.2 I 78.7 79.6 71.9 99.4 PRAIRIE VILLAGE I I 69.0 A TCH ISON ( a) of all cities of 10,000 or more in the State I (b) 4th highest percentage in the State (c) 5th highest percentage in the State ( d) 6th highest in the State (e) 4th highest in the State 24 I I I I I I, I I I I I I I I I OWNER MEDIAN VALUE (DOLLARS) I 11,900 (d) 9,100 10,400 I 9,300 19,100 PRAIRIE I VILLAGE 5,600 PARSONS I I I I I SALINA HOUSING STATISTICS 1960 U.S. Census OCCUPANCY TOTAL OCCUPIED 1 PERSON PER UNIT 2 PERSONS PER UNIT 3 PERSONS PER UNIT 4 PERSONS PER UNIT S PERSONS PER UNIT 6 PERSONS PER UN IT 7 PER SO N S PER UN I T B PERSONS PER UNIT BATHROOMS ONE ONE PLUS PARTIAL 2 OR MORE RENTER PERCENT OF MEDIAN HOUSING UNITS GROSS WITH 1.01 OR RENTAL MORE PERSONS (DOLLARS) PER ROOM 79 (e) 10.9 61 8.7 69 9.6 66 9.4 167 16.7 PRAIRIE JUNCTION VILLAGE CITY 48 2.4 PITTSBURG PRAIRIE VILLAGE NONE OR SHARED BATHING BATHTUB OR SHOWER EXCLUSIVE USE BATHTUB OR SHOWER SHARED NONE SEWAGE DISPOSAL PUBLIC SEWER SEPTIC TANK OR CESSPOOL 122 14,019 UN I TS 13,483 1,759 3,982 2,826 2,405 1,453 616 253 189 UN ITS 11,517 853 674 1,260 UNITS 13,146 848 310 UN ITS OTHER OR NONE 163 WATER UNITS HOT & COLD WATER INSIDE 13,931 COLD WATER ONLY INSIDE 260 PIPED WATER OUTSIDE 25 NO PIPED WATER 88 SOURCE OF WA TER CITY WATER INDIVIDUAL WELLS OTHER SOURCES UNITS 14,099 112 93 TOILET UNITS FLUSH / EXCLUSIVE 13,228 FLUSH SHARED W/OTHERS 848 OTHER OR NONE 228 SIZE 1-ROOM 2 - ROOM 3-ROOM 4 - ROOM 5 - ROOM 6-ROOM 7 - ROOM B - ROOM OR MORE TOTAL HEATING EQUIPMENT STEAM OR HOT WATER WARM AIR FURNACE F LOOR-WA L L-PIP EL ESS BUILT-IN ELECTRIC OTHER MEANS W/FLUES WITHOUT FLUES NONE WHEN BUILT 19S5-1960 1950 - 1954 '940 - 1949 PREVIOUS TO 1939 UNITS 445 712 1,683 3,618 4,558 1,887 836 565 14,304 UNITS 571 8,040 3,653 19 1,863 127 31 UN ITS 2,924 2,147 1,684 7,549 25 I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I SECTION :2 THE GENERAL DEVELOPMENT PLAN I I I -- I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I ~;, ;/ '""t~.i,;.;,<,'i/:;:':"~~'" ,~~ ':"}M:>";:-:,.,',:~"j::~',"" ' 2 THE GENERAL DEVELOPMENT PLAN The General Development Plan for the Salina community is composed of three major elements. These three elements, in the form of maps, data and text, provide the framework and goals toward which the growth and development of the community should be guided. Hopefully the Plan expresses aspirations for the future acceptable to the people of Salina and its environs. The Plan is a statement of policy and a generalized picture of the physical form envisioned in the year 1985. Two of the three major elements, Land Use and Community Facilities, are considered in this planning report. The third, the Transportation Study, is a companion study. No one element can be studied, or plans formulated, without con~ideration of the other elements. Together they form a master plan in which the basic uses of land are arranged to complement each other; in which new and old districts or neighborhoods are adequately served by community facili- ties; and in which all areas are served by a safe and efficient system of major thoroughfares and collector streets. LAND USE ELEMENT Land Use concerns the types of development on each lot and parcel of ground within the planning area. Inventories of existing land uses, as well as projections of future land uses, involve kinds-of-use as well as the intensities of those uses. An inventory and analysis of existing land use is basic to projecting future land use, to planning of community facilities, and to the planning of a transportation system. The inventory of present development should be sufficiently detailed for all related planning purposes. The Land Use inventory, when mapped and analyzed, provides a new perspective; calling attention to the difficulties and challenges and to the assets and potentials of the community. A new perspective, based on a collection of facts, is necessary since we often become so accustomed to the things we see around us that important problems are overlooked and the gradual changes that are taking place go unnoticed. 29 PLANNING AREA ... Prior to the collection of existing land use data, it is necessary to determine the area to be considered in the Plan and the detail and variety of data that will be assem bled. The planning area is defined as all areas adjacent to Salina in which developments may be reasonably expected to occur during the planning period which extends to 1985. The State Statutes of Kansas provide cities with authority to approve or disapprove platting of land within a distance of three miles from their borders. Since planning problems do not stop at corporate limits, it is common practice in city planning to include an area extending three miles out from the city limits in all directions. The planning area selected by the Planning Commission extends from a mile and a half north of the 81-70 interchange on the north to approximately one - half mile south of Mentor on the south. The area is bounded by SAFB to the southwest and extends approximately one mile west of the 35W -70 interchange. The eastern limits are approximately two miles east of the municipal airport. The area totals nearly 60 square miles. In determining the borders of the planning area, consideration was given to natural and man - made deterrents to expansion such as the flood levee system, lands subject to periodic flooding, and to properties not under municipal jurisdiction such as Schilling Air Force Base lands. The reasonableness of the planning area may be questioned, however, a development, improvement or change in land use wi thin three miles of a city effects the city almos t immediately and sooner or later all of its problems will be inheri ted by the city. DATA COLLECTION... The varlOUS uses of land were divided into eight major categories or types of uses and each of these major classifications was further divided into more detailed descriptions. The system of coding used is based on a manual of classification developed by an advisory committee of the Detroit Metropolitan Area Regional Planning Commission for the Public Administration Service, modified and simplified to fit the needs of the Salina plan nin g pro gram. 30 The eight basic categories are: I I I Residential Commercial Personal, Business and Professional Services Public and Quasi - Public Services Manufacturin g Extractive and Industrial Non - manufacturing Transportation, Communications and Utilities Unused Space I I I I As an example of the subdivision of these major classifica- tions, the Residential category was broken down as follows: Single - family dwellings Two - family dwellings Three - and four - family dwellings Five - to eight - family dwellings Nine - or more - family dwellings Boarding and rooming houses Mobile homes I I I I Land uses in the Central Business District (CBD) were recorded in more detail than other areas of the city; Commercial, and Personal, Business and Professional Service categories were listed under 23 subclassifications. In the CBD the type of use on the upper floors of buildings was determined in addition to the primary first floor use. Land use data was collected by survey teams who recorded their findings, on a series of maps each representing one - quarter of a square mile. The structural condition of residential buildings was noted as well as occupancy information. Vacant land was rated as usable, marginal or unusable. Upon completion of the field work the data was transferred to a set of quarter section maps, scale 1- inch to 200 feet, which make up a bound, two - volume land use atlas. Each land use classification is represented by a color and the materials selected make it possible for the City Planning Office to maintain an up - to - date and permanent record of land use. Land use data for the areas around the perimeter of the City was mapped on a large (1 inch to 1,000 feet) map of the planning area. Land use in the Central Business District was indicated on an enlarged map of the district which was prepared at a scale of 1 inch to 100 feet. These larger maps were also color coded and so prepared that the work of keeping them I I I I I I I I II I up - to - date is minimized. The efforts of the survey teams were office - checked as well as field - checked by supervisory personnel. The data was then summarized by area, in acres, for each land use classification and for streets and alleys. I I GENERALIZED LAND USE ... Three illustrations of existing land use were prepared for inclusion in this planning document and in the Transportation Study: Salina Proper Planning Area Central Business District In using them for reference purposes it should be remembered that they indicate general patterns of use; a generalization necessary because of size and reproduction problems. They are, however, of much value in that generalization is necessary in many of the analysis and projection processes. A brief review of each of these three illustrations follows: I I II I I SALINA PROPER. .. The land use map of the City is, in many ways, typical. Multi - family residential uses are confined almost exclusively to the areas immediately adjacent to the CBD. This is a pattern most frequently recommended in the establishment of zoning ordinances. There is an increasing trend of allowing multi - family dwelling developments, especially planned apartment complexes, in lower density single - and two - family dwelling districts. When properly located, with adequate open areas provided, and when the population densities of the area are not exceeded, well designed apartment complexes can be an asset to a neighborhood. It should be noted that there is also an increasin g trend toward "apartment -living" throughout the nation. The Salina community should recognize these trends in multi - family dwellings. The establishment of a Planned - Apartment District in the Zoning Ordinance is suggested as a reasonable control for this type of dwelling construction. I I I I I I Residential developments toward the south in the past few years have by-passed large areas. While these actions have been defended by the developers, leap-frog development has caused the elongation of the City and created community development problems. These problems include providing water and sanitary sewer services, increased demands on the police, street and sani tation departmen ts, and fostered the need for a fire station to serve the southern part of the City. The undeveloped areas between Ohio Street and the I I I I flood control levee, from Crawford to Magnolia, the large area immediately south of South Junior High School, and the large area east of the Key Acres Addition should be substantially developed before further extensions to the south are permitted. When extensions to the south are warranted, the by-passing of usable areas should be discouraged. Commercial land uses, outside the Central Business District, and those of closely related personal, business and professional services are, for the most part, strip developments along Broadway, Pacific Street and Crawford Avenue. In addition, there are commercial developments at Ninth and Cloud and on East Iron Avenue. The problems inherent to strip developments along major thoroughfares are apparent and recognized by all; especially where access to these thoroughfares is not controlled. The location of future commercial developments should be rigidly controlled in the interest of the whole community. Outlying shopping centers should' be spaced properly, supported by an adequately sized neighborhood, and so located to be easily accessible to its patrons without adverse effects to the flow of traffic. Strip-type developments along Ohio Street, or extensions of the existing strip developments on Crawford Avenue, should not be permitted. Extracti ve and industrial non-manufacturing uses, such as petroleum product storage and contractors yards, manufac- turing, transportation, utility and related industrial- type uses are quite naturally concentrated in the vicinity of railroad yards. This is both logical and desirable. Generally, they are buffered from higher - class uses by retail and wholesale commercial activities. The land uses devoted to Public and Quasi-Public purposes do not form any particular pattern except possibly for those areas on which grade schools have been erected. The number and the sizes of the areas which have been developed for Public and Quasi-Public purposes indicates the prominence and importance of this type of land use. This eventuality must be given full consideration in forecasting the future land requirements for a growing community. The spacing of areas presently reserved and developed for parks emphasizes the urgent need for parks to serve southeastern Salina, northwestern Salina, and, in the near future, the need for a park to serve the area east of the ri ver. 31 I I "_', :, I,',^"';~:;___:,i,_...// ,/,.:.-.:~,,-~",;:,\\,; -.r........', , ~ ., : ' : "'-- "~:)l /~'/(~.::.." " ", ~_.>.--...... ,.\ ,-', \\ /~:::., -;'.1(;::- \~,~':... ',' .,<; }'';.)p :,Y\'>~~.)) :',~~:;. SA L.l rv A ..t.- . "..:..:.<.. NO, I I i , ....,; , _+:,_.d--~~~~{--i-l--t--'....,+,...",.~., _'n I ' " I I n II ! 1 ; , l i AlP " " F>FlOF>EEFl I II I' I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I USEE. GENERALIZED LAND USES RESIDENTIAL ONE & TWO FAMILY . MULTI-FAMILY . RETAIL WHOLESALE . SERVICES EXTRACTIVE INDUSTRIAL NON-MFG. MANUFACTURING . TRANSPORTATION COMMUNICATIONS . UTILITIES PUBLIC QUASI-PUBLIC . . PARKS SAll N A CITY PlANNING COMMISSION .-. ..--N............... I , 4000 FEET 11LSON COMPANY ENGIN EERS ARC H ITECTS t PLANNING CONSULTANTS I. I The following table summanzes 1963 land use in terms of percenta ges. I LAND USE SUMMARY 1963 I SINGLE - FAMILY TWO-FAMILY I MULTI- FAMILY MOBILE HOMES I RESIDENTIAL COMMERCIAL INDUSTRIAL I PUBLIC & QUASI - PUBLIC STREETS & ALLEYS NON - RESIDENTIAL I TOTAL DEVELOPED LAND USABLE VACANT I NON - USABLE; VACANT TOTAL VACANT LAND TOTAL AREA I I PERCENT OF TOTAL R ESI DENTIAL LAND PERCENT OF TOTAL DEVELOPED LAND PERCENT OF TOTAL AREA 21.6 1.8 0.6 0.7 24.7 3.0 5.8 9.3 19.0 ill 61.8 33.9 4.3 38.2 100.0 87.4 7.4 2.2 3.0 100.0 34.9 2.9 0.9 1.2 39.9 5.0 9.4 15.0 30.7 60.1 100.0 EXISTING LAND USE-1963 Percentages of Occupied Area within City Limits II I RESIDENTIAL 39.9% I S/'I< Q<~ -<--1 1,/< r ,]if.9 % I I I STREETS & ALLEYS 30.7% I I 9.4% The "Land Use Comparisons" table compares land use in Salina to that found in a number of other cities. The averaged statistics for other cities were derived from surveys reported by Harland Bartholomew and Associates and published in their "Land Uses in American Cities". With but two exceptions, Salina compares quite favorably in the major categories of land use. Salina is more predomi- nantly single - family; has a lesser amount of land devoted to public and quasi-public purposes; and has an average percentage of its area devoted to streets and alleys. The table of comparisons indicates that Salina has considerably more land in commercial use than the average and that there is a .decided shortage of area set aside for park and recreational purposes. LAND USE COMPARISONS In Percent of Total Developed Land SALINA AVERAGE AVERAGE AVERAGE FOR 28 FOR 13 FOR S3 CITIES (0) CITIES (b) CENTRAL CITI ES SINGLE - FAMILY 34.9 TWO - FA MIL Y 2.9 MULTI-FAMILY 0.9 MOBILE HOMES (e) 1.2 RESIDENTIAL 39.9 COMMERCIAL 5.0 INDUSTRIAL 9.4 PARKS 4.6 PU BLlC & QU ASI-PU BL IC 10.4 STREETS & ALLEYS 30.7 TOTALS 100.0 34.0 31.8 31.0 3.8 4.1 4.8 1.7 2.1 3.0 39.5 37.2 39.6 3.1 2.6 3.3 10.7 9.6 11.3 5.1 6.5 6.7 13.3 10.8 10.9 28.3 33.3 28.2 100.0 100.0 100.0 ( a) Populations under 50,000 (b) Population - 50,000 to 100,000 (c) Mobile Homes are included in the multi-family classification in the averages for other cities, because the density of persons - per - acre of a mobile home park approximates the density of multi - family dwelling areas. 33 I" - -, . , , I~ ~... , '\.. .J...... I. ."~ i. .! ; ..^"~ ' . .."... "- " , ~~ !, . .. , , I. "1 .1 W.~-~l(~~'" +,4/7 ./ ............J -... . (. .. _..."k~~ . ~~;_r ;. ' 'r ......-W \ 1. ,.............. Ii ! -'15' '. . . ..... ~ . T' 'I"il ,. -L , , .,. r1 <>...' J'"j - a '. 'OII\V~ ....il\" :i~t i Iil.'\.. ~ ~ ~i , I , ! I ill . .- , , "-,,- . . I Ci"~L :{'. . . .' ',.... ut.. I -',/'. .r\~.;~'~:~~~+# : 'T;,;-:. ' 't=.. b.~.~~ rJJ N/N."""C ~ , .\0/ /(~.._::;,~:s~.;'\'\~ C> """..' 1..<< i y1(?:\~~(;;t;~')"1l:~i:A l,.;,iv · ,. L. J: ,"~V1.i'/ ';~'~~~t!~. r~"" ,,,,,iT:: ..... .r!!:;:~...:~_........_..,..'--'C.....!........ '!"".' ...... I , .. ",:f ,"~. i. I ..Ci=r.;.. I~ i ~~ e,; t+"'\:":c,+,,,,,ilf,+;":l;;t+C~; = "'" ! ... ... 'C ;;:\ (v. :.;1 . '~i /i/;~Ji';=: ~ ;~J~ 1..1.. . .., . ~'::""':'0/~) , ~',~~5~ L' :~~;r.:'.'-.':"""\." I J.. =;L'{.!,.r"e1r;"J I '<, ... i ....... '""........ ,):.;;, .;(~~r. J(<.~~. ~~t ~~, '. 1", :. ': · I; fi li)'.'- .....:!r - · .' .. . t-.. ,((,.,,; J c, ........} ~ .';"s<~r!f v '~j;1 .; · " . , .;"J.t, e . · ~''( n :.;~;\,r · e' i]t~ Ii r-'< 'ri ' . /( il:~',,' .. c-.... r<:;='li~ · \,.' .,",\, Y ~# i:I , ., ~.. ",.,{oJ .' - ........... !.i~: .. ( / I. : 'I".. ~ j/ " a, ,'iJ" "'/ . 1./ .' :. / j , _ ... . "(iC)./ .. /,/' i " · ..4 .~ .;~.lIrr./[): ,~ · , ..... .. .'~:1.. () I . .........(...~.. . '''j ~Y' !v~) \. " .' r ,j: . '-""1 . )/iii..:::..-:-, .... /. , .. - . · 11 '. )". / ,. ... . if F" }!; ../..... Y 'J..,t,../ .... . · i~~. · .i ('j)." /), ..,. · - 1:_: /f/ /~~ ~ / Vi;'.;, j', (,j . : ~.., . · ~ ~ ~ · \",,;;::::'!) - i;:~;r;/Ii~ .(r=~~ )) :, .. \~\\ I '( , ... I ri tS:\I'o, '! I j . '."" .. ."U""... , . ......_;1. . . . g;j"'''':;''':!\'. /J ..~. ~ . . . . . . . I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I ~FlEE. ~ USEE. GENERALIZED LAND USES RESIDENTIAL COMMERCIAL EXTRACTIVE INDUSTRIAL NON-MFG. . MANUFACTURING TRANSPORTATION COMMUNICATIONS . UTILITIES PUBLIC & QUASI-PUBLIC . FLOOD PLAI N - SAll N A CITY PlANNING COMMISSION .\ ) (:. .' U \. ")<>::)'.J ~1f{tft, X 'I ./. ( .. ~! #~ (( \..~)J',./", ( ~'- !d:~1 . LJ...::~~ / " v , , , .-. ~N""""""'" I , 4000 FEET 11LSON COMPANY ENGINEERS ARCHITECTS t PLANN ING CONSUL T ANTS I II I Residential land use accounts for 39.9 percent of the developed area which is average for communities in the same general population range. Nearly 88 percent of the residential land is devoted to single - family purposes as compared to averages of 80 and 86 percent in the compari- sons in the following table. I RESIDENTIAL LAND USE COMPARISON In Percent of Total Residential Land I AVERAGE FOR AVERAGE FOR TYPE OF DWELLING 53 CITIES 33 CITIES SALINA I SINGLE - FAMILY 80.29 86.19 87.4 TwO-FAMILY 12.11 7.88 7.4 MULTI-FAMILY 7.60 5.93 22 MOBILE HOMES - 3.0 - 100.00 100.00 100.0 I I The key to the amount of land required for commercial and service activities lies in an economic analysis of the community. Since Salina is a recognized retail, wholesale and service trade center it is understandable that a larger- than - average percentage of land would be devoted to these purposes. There are, however, other factors and conditions to consider in this particular evaluation. The area used for commercial purposes in the City includes a considerable percenta ge of land which is zoned for other uses. Because of so - called "pyramidal" type of zoning, business developments are permissable in the ligh t and heavy industrial zonin g dis tricts. In addi tion there are those commercial uses which are actually non - conforming uses in residential districts. A direct comparison ofland actually used for commercial and service purposes, wi thin areas presently zoned for commercial and service type uses, indicates that approximately one-half of the commercially zoned area is available for new commercial or new service type uses. This" over - zoning" is caused by a number of factors, among them: speculation, poor locations and shifting areas of influence. Whatever the cause, vacant commercially - zoned land has a detrimental effect upon exis ting or potential residential developments in the areas adjacent to it. A concerted effort should be made to return much of the vacant commercial land to more restrictive type zoning districts. Speculative rezoning to commercial uses, assuming an acceptable location, should be made only when actual development can be reasonably assured. If develop- ments do not materialize within a reasonable period of time, these new areas should be returned to an appropriate residen tial zoning dis trict status. I I I I I I I I I I I On the basis of population, as well as a result of comparison with other cities. there is a decided shortage of lands devoted to park purposes in Salina, a most important type of land use. This particular planning consideration is the subject of more detailed analysis in the section of the Plan devoted to Community Facilities. It should be pointed out that the total. area of parks serving communities should not be directly compared wi thout consideration to location. Assuming a park area shortage of 50 acres for a community, a new area of 100 acres would not relieve the shortage, if located at the opposite side of the community from the residential area the new park was intended to serve. An extension of Thomas Park, for example, would not alleviate the need for park land to serve south and southeastern Salina. The basic nature of a city determines the amount of land used for industrial purposes and, forthat reason, comparisons of this land use classification do little more than indicate the 'relative importance of industry to the economy of the community. PLANNING AREA '" The map of land uses in the areas adjacent to the City illustrates the types and extent of existing developments but, most importantly, it shows the man-made and natural deterents to expansion. The effects of the Air Base, the flood plains, the Interstate Highway System, the levee system, and the controlled channel of the Smoky Hill River upon the potential growth of the community are immediately apparent. The spotty areas of residential land use inqicate the farm - type dwellings as well as the strip - type residential developments along section -line roads. Strip - type land use should be controlled for a number of very important reasons. Valuable land behind these structures is often land -locked with respect to future street access, economical and acceptable subdivision of the areas is difficult if not impossible to attain, and properly lpcated and sized utility easements cannot be established without unnecessary expense. These section -line roads are the most logical extensions of the municipal major thoroughfare system and rights - of - way of the proper and uniform width are vital to such a street system. The procurement of adequate rights - of - way through strip developments is costly and, in many instances, prohibitive. Eventually the land owners and the whole community lose money. 35 CE:~,Fl~L E3US/~E:SS [~:I:_~] rs,.lil.1I ~ 1~'lrt,...'ill ... -III ... . . : ~.'~'II 11.....11 . .... - . *..,,~ ... ----- - 1- :-1111"1111 . !_~==_===gil I i.l. . . . L._..........._.........._..._......._........._..........._..........J :' I\~,P' .i' ...... .. 'I 1." III . ill ..- il.,f i.. .I....._..,:.!!..!!!!"".,."c:-...........~.' i . _1111 ,......_.........._...........__........_.........._.. ....J .. I I ~ . i dllllll:I,'I,I,111111 ~...~...;.....I......il--II..._...-i...i'.'I:;l rl~~~::I'!;] I~_I_~~__... 1..._ ._~~~..__~_~_~~~_~_!I l~~_I!_~..__~~~~~_~! I, II]"; I _ , I:" If.. I ~ - . . . IlI"il,I.:.....I.I.II_ : nFTH STRCET !~ I~~j~.~ -~'-I ~. ~.._I_I~III~ :-L 1 _ . liOI,,-, . _ 'I i-',I i~ i ".1-' - I' . - ,,---- --------.--; '--------: : II. t r;; ~ I 111111 ID' ~""^ ""^,MW' "!!.AN' 1_ if.." I ,II' I · i : - . = i:. II ."i d i:=:=~=:;:"'..j;~l "__ - .__....__......_......_.._.._.._..._..1 ,...._......_......_.........._........1 .....[1I).iiBJICii--:-.....i- SM()K, ~I~I , I I I I I I I I I LAND USES GENERALIZED RESIDENTIAL . MANUF ACTURING ONE & TWO FAMILY . MULTI-FAMILY . TRAN SPORT A TI ON COMMUN ICATIONS UTILITIES . COMMERCIAL PUBLIC RETAIL . WHOLESALE . SERVICES . . QUASI-PUBLIC PARKING PU BLlC EXTRACTIVE INDUSTRIAL NON-MFG. . PRIVATE I I .-i lJSI: · . . ., . ,I.. I, · I' ' r- 1:111:1:1 1:1'1:':I_i~i !.'II"lil:I:".: Iii : i"l.' " '.Ji:' 'I' II 1I~."~!._aIIl~~: II. :11 l;;_L~.."", .,~:.,J ,j n ~ ~ ."iI'j'.'''.:.J';.': 1'.1 ~.,'.'_'_m"_~_''''~''''__''U,^._..'..mm.''___',...,''^__.,..__wm,._~"....,~.."~~,....,~."....,...,,J -......:-.......- -, ILI',~~~j ",., ,',," " ," ," '. " . T >,; "' I, .-t-.:I:I)I: Ii,', : ! ! "I' , . , , , I 'i'.:. I " ,Ii ' L_",,~~] I:..i .-1111 ,I: "', ",[ ; CENTRAL BUSINESS DISTRICT . . . The two - page map of existing land use in the CBD is a generalized version of the large detailed map prepared for use in the study of the core area of the city. It illustrates the extent of commercial and service - type land uses, the large amount of area devoted to public and quasi-public purposes in close proximity to the CBD, and the abutting industrial- type uses to the north and east. The availability of public off - street parking, as well as those areas presently used for private parking purposes is delineated. This represent- ation and the voluminous data with respect to types of business acti vi ties, employment, on - and off - street parking, and traffic volumes are of particular importance in the analysis of the CBD, its assets, its problems, and its future. SAliNA ~ 400 FEET CITY PlANNING COMMISSION 11 LS 0 N COM PANY ENGINEERS ARC H,TECTS t PLANNING CONSULTANTS 37 ZONING The present Salina Zoning Ordinance permits single- family dwellings in any district. The" GENERALIZED ZONING MAP", and its legend, illustrate existing zoning districts and pyramidal zoning. When comparing this map with the "Salina Proper" land use map of the City the effect of pyramidal zoning is evident. The residential area in the middle of the industrial zone between Fourth and Chester and north of North Street is one example of a condition which results in deterioration and blight. (See " Structural Condition" map). Equally important, industrial developments should be "protected" from the effects of residential developments. A second example of pyramidal zoning is the extensive commercial development on Broadway, north of Crawford, which is an industrial zone. The Saline County Planning Commission has adopted a system of zoning districts quite similar to those in effect in the City. The County districts include two classes of use which are not in the City ordinance. One," Restricted Industrial" has been employed to help control development in the new industrial area south of the City. The second, and most restrictive, is the" Agricultural District" which prohibits all development except use of the land for agricultural purposes. This is a vital district since it is used to restrict development in airport clear zones and similar areas in which development should not be allowed. Areas adjacent to the City limits have been zoned by the County in conformance with the desirable land use pattern for the community, except for certain industrial strip zoning along railroad trackage. This exception is expected to be eliminated by an early amendment to County zoning, an excellent example of the cooperative relationship that exists between the County and City Planning Commissions. 38 I I I I I I I STRUCTURAL CONDITION I In addition to the land - use data, the land use inventory teams made a visual evaluation of the physical condition of all residential structures. The structural condition of every residential building was rated by assigning a code number based on the following criteria: I I NEW - Less than five years old and in apparently excellent structural condition. I I I I SOUND - Defined as a structure which has no defects, or only slight defects which are normally corrected during the course of regular maintenance. DETERIORATING - A structure needing more repair than would be provided in the course of regular maintenance. It has one or more defects of an intermediate nature that must be corrected if the unit is to continue to provide safe and adequate shelter. I DILAPIDA TED - A structure that does not provide safe and adequate shelter. It has one or more critical defects; or has a combination of intermediate defects in sufficient number to require extensive repair or rebuilding; or is of inadequate original construction. Critical defects result from continued neglect or indicate serious damage to the structure. I I I I ;1 i j I' I! 11- . II , I , I , ' II 11i [ Ii I II i; , i I ' I ~I i "L~ I /-- ( IVI~~ SA II N A CITY PlANNING COMMISSION .-.. ~N""""""'" 4000 FEET 11LSON COMPANY ENGIN EERS ARCHITECTS t PLANNING CONSUL TANTS CITY '* PERCENT TOT AL NOT DETERIORATING DILAPIDATED SOUND SA LI N A HOUSING CONDITIONS PRAIRIE VIL LAGE 0.5 0.5 1960 U. S. Census JUNCTION CITY 7.7 2.8 10.5 0<?-00 0<?-O ~'" 10.5 3.5 ~ <?' '" ,0 ~'" MANHATTAN 14.0 o~ 0 0~ 0<? v 00 0~ "'~ 00 <?-00 -l'?' ",0 0<?- LAWRENCE 11.4 3.0 14.4 0 0 <? TOT AL UNITS 8,126 5,357 821 14,304 100% WICHITA 12.5 3.0 15.5 EMPORIA 14.7 1.5 16.2 SOUND 7,179 3,636 548 11,363 79.4 HUTCHINSON 13.5 3.5 17.0 - - - - WITH ALL PLUMBING 7,062 3,353 485 10,900 GREAT BEND 15.3 2.2 17.5 LACKING SOME OR TOPEKA 13.4 4.5 17.9 ALL PLUMBING 117 283 63 463 SA LI N A 15.7 4.9 20.6 co F FEYVILLE 17.4 5.8 23.2 DETERIORATING 766 L12.l 186 2,243 15.7 PITTSBURG 19.4 3.8 23.2 - - - WITH ALL PLUMBING 670 976 129 1,775 ARKANSAS CITY 20.5 3.2 23.7 LACKING SOME OR KANSAS CITY. KANSAS 18.4 5.7 24.1 ALL PLUMBING 96 315 57 468 LEAVENWORTH 16.4 8.0 24.4 PARSONS 19.8 6.9 26.7 DILAPIDATED 181 430 87 698 4.9 NEWTON 19.4 7.5 26.9 - - - - '* 0/1 cities with over 5,000 housing units are listed 40 Using this mapped data, and by assigning a system of, numerical weights to each of the categories, a weighted average condition for each block within the City was calculated which was representative of the structural condi tion of the block as a whole. This information was then plotted on the Structural Condition map which indicates those areas within the City that rated either as deteriorating or as blighted on the basis of the survey. It should be noted that there are new structures in excellent condition within areas indicated to be either deteriorating or blighted, and that there are buildings in relatively poor condition within areas that rated in good condition. The purpose of the survey and map was to indicate the areas in which condition problems either already exist or in which condition problems are likely to arise in the next few years. As areas deteriorate they become less attractive as places of residence and, unless arresting action of some nature is taken, the area can become one of serious blight. A similar survey, which is considerably more detailed, is made as a part of Federal Census procedures. A few of the more significant items in the Federal survey have been included for comparison purposes. In direct comparison, the 1960 Census information indicated that 79.4 % of the Salina dwelling units were in sound condition, 15.7% were deteriorating, and 4.9 % were rated as dilapidated. This condition report and map are not intended to indicate that a program of urban renewal is an urgent necessity. However, there are a few rather large areas which are in urgent need of rehabilitation and conservation to forestall blight. Unfortunately, this same general condition exists in all cities that have reached an age of over 100 years. Deterioration is almost inevitable, and is even more understandable, when it is noted that nearly fifty-three percent of the residential structures in Salina are over 25 years old. Contributing factors and conditions that lead to deterioration include the make - shift conversions of older single - family residences into multi - family dwellings and rooming houses, poor initial construction, and adjacent incompatible land - uses. Rental units are not normally maintained as well as owner -occupied dwellings. It should be noted that 39.7 % of the Salina dwelling units are rented units, which is the fourth highest percentage in the State. COMPARISON OF State of Kansas HOUSING CONDITIONS 1960 U.S. Census I I I I I I I I I I I '1 I I I I I I I \.\ -\~<_,.:><\\, ',~~::" .>i,.!.._..,,~ '''1JS'~ I ~""" \ '; " '-' "''-':',>': \ ......-_..-<-"-~.....,,.. ""/~;:_'l~,,_,~ ".~,,~/ 1,IOrv I; J- ~"" -lL . I ~ \ : ~'=~I~l~_ ~\l :i f~ "I ,1,1 , 'I I. ~....,"',...' II ~"I II I' ; ! I =t=1 : A;R ; I . ; i I Iii I! I! i II ~I I Jo . r-- I -q.r.'lr-'!"~ , i DETERIORATING AREAS BLIGHTED AREAS . ~All N A CIlY PlANNING COM M 18810 N .-. ~N""""""'" 4000 FEET f;'LSON COMPANY ENGIN EERS ARC HITECTS t PLANNING CONSUL TANTS NEIGHBORHOOD LAND USE ANALYSIS - 1963 In Acres I I RESIDENTIAL LAND POPU LA T ION PERSONS PER I DWELLING UN IT < PERSONS PER NET ACRE OCCUPIED DWELLING UNITS NO NEIGHBORHOOD NAME SINGLE TWO MULTI MOBILE TOTAL FAMILY FAMILY FAMILY HOMES RESIDENTIAL POPULATION 1 HAWTHORNE 148.5 68.5 178.5 2 PHILLIPS 3 OAKDALE 4 WHITTIER 91.5 66.0 74.5 5 BARTLETT 6 G LEN I.F FER H ILL 7 MEADOW LARK 143.0 103.0 182.0 8 SOUTH PARK 9 SUNSET 10 FRANKLIN & LOWELL 257.0 215.0 150.0 11 HUESNER 12 HAGEMAN 13 KENNEDY 43.0 138.0 46.5 14 STEWART 15 KEY ACRES 11.0 2.5 15.0 18.5 9.5 0.5 20.5 6.5 6.0 23.5 5.5 21.0 10.0 7.0 1.5 21.5 0.5 15.5 14.5 6.0 1.5 0.5 TOTALS 1905.0 161.5 48.5 NEIGHBORHOODS - 1963 In essence, a community consists of a number of residential areas, sectors, or neighborhoods. Two or more of these neighborhoods form a district. Two or more districts form a city or a metropolitan area. The neighborhood is therefore a unit which is basic to comprehensive planning. It is at the neighborhood level where planning exercises its greatest influence on the life of the average individual. The definition of a neighborhood is as complex as many neighborhoods. Neighborhoods vary in size, composition, population, environment, economic level, quality, age, and 42 6.0 17.0 3.5 2.5 1.0 22.0 4.5 1.0 66.0 177.0 4,170 23.6 1,208 3.45 97.0 2,770 28.6 912 3.04 111.5 3,480 16.5 1,194 2.91 120.5 3,020 25.1 982 3.08 97.0 2,760 28.5 947 2.91 83.0 1,440 17.3 433 3.33 143.0 830 5.8 288 2.88 147.5 2,480 16.8 826 3.00 182.5 2,800 15.3 844 3.32 276.0 5,340 19.3 1,869 2.86 232.0 4,500 19.4 1,357 3.32 179.0 3,180 17.8 893 3.56 47.5 800 16.8 198 4.04 139.5 2,540 18.2 674 3.77 48.0 820 17.1 205 4.00 2181.0 40,930 (Av) 18.8 12,830 (Av) 3.19 I I I I I I I I I I I m many other concepts. A widely accepted definition views a neighborhood as corresponding quite closely to the area served by an elementary school which is a logical focal point. Desirably the neighborhood should not be bisected by a major thoroughfare; it is bounded by major streets or similar barriers, it should include a park and adequate playgrounds, it should be convenient to everyday shopping, complemented by churches, and relatively convenien t to employment areas by public and private transportation means. I I I I I I I I NON - RESIDENTIAL LAND SUMMARY DEVELOPED AREA USABLE UNUSABLE TOTAL VACANT VACANT AREA PU BLIC STREETS TOT AL COMMERCIAL INDUSTRIAL QUASI-PUBLIC ALLEYS NON-RESIDENTIAL NEIGHBORHOOD NAME NO. I 1509 385 1131 766.0 25.0 291.0 28.5 9.5 145.0 62.0 227.0 537.5 714.5 21.0 114.0 253.5 350.5 126.0 149.0 483.5 695.0 11.5 89.0 J 39.0 259.5 21.0 81.5 J 38.0 235.0 85.5 71.5 177.5 260.5 241.5 90.5 333.5 476.5 22.0 82.0 J 36.0 283.5 J1.0 103.0 1 J8.5 301.0 27.5 J46.0 J99.0 475.0 62.0 J30.0 J95.5 427.5 56.5 99.0 J88.0 367.0 7.0 55.0 62.0 109.5 43.5 J05.0 J53.5 293.0 22.5 133.5 166.0 214.0 820.5 1676.0 3281.0 5462.0 HAWTHORNE 1 168.0 80.0 197.5 10.5 8.0 8.0 80.5 38.5 11.0 28.0 27.5 J2.5 PHILLIPS 2 I OAKDALE 3 126.0 2.5 222.0 1.5 3.5 61.5 387 241 544 WHITTIER 4 I BARTLETT S GLENIFFER HILL 6 I 486.0 23.5 80.5 J 01.5 8.0 6.5 1064 315 388 0.5 25.0 4.5 1.0 7.0 MEADOW LARK 7 SOUTH PARK B SUNSET 9 I J2.0 J2.5 J7.5 487 448 388 11.5 1.5 25.0 14.0 2.0 7.5 FRANKLIN 8< LOWELL 10 8.0 3.5 HUESNER 11 I HAGEMAN 12 J54.5 249.0 531.0 264 542 745 KENNEDY 13 I 0.5 3.0 4.5 7.0 STEWART 14 KEY ACRES 15 I 515.0 2999.0 269.5 377 .0 8838 TOTALS I I From this table it is evident that the Phillips and Bartlett neighborhoods are the most densely populated with nearly five times the number of persons per net residential acre than the Meadow Lark neighborhood. The Franklin - Lowell neighborhood has the largest population and the Kennedy neighborhood the most persons per dwelling unit. Neighbor- hood population statistics are illustrated on the" Population Density" map in Section 1. The relationshi ps of residential land use to non - residential use can be determined as well as the availability of usable vacant land in each neighbor- hood. These and other neighborhood characteristics, which can generally be expected to continue, are used as a basis to forecast future developments. I The analysis of existing land use in the Salina community and the projected land use requirements, have been made on a neighborhood basis. The accompanying table, "Neighborhood Land Use Analysis - 1963" summarizes land use data on the basis of 15 neighborhoods. The boundaries of these neighborhoods are generally those used in 1963 for the elementary schools of the City. City boundaries do not necessarily define a neighborhood; for this reason a number of neighborhoods include county territory. I I I I 43 I NEIGHBORHOOD LAND USE PROJECTIONS The population of the Salina community has been forecasted to reach a total of 72,000 in the year 1985. This is an increase of 30,650, or approximately 15,000 in each of the next two decades. These new residents will require places in which to live served by an efficient system of major thoroughfares, adequate and convenient shopping facilities, and the normal complement of public and quasi-public facilities such as schools, parks, churches and public utilities. The patterns of land usage, availability of vacant land, and potentials of the community have been determined in the land - use analysis of established neighborhoods. Forecasts of future space requirements and of future land use patterns must be preceded by a determination of how much of the increase in population will find homes within the existing established neighborhoods. The second step is the determination of what new areas are likely to develop and, most importantly, which new areas are the most desirable with respect to the community as a whole. The new residential areas should be as convenient as possible and practicable to the CBD, governmental and civic center, and similar "community - wide" facilities. Compactness of the city is highly desirable. A circular community, with the core area or CBD at its center, would be highly efficient in most respects. Squareness is therefore a shape that should be encouraged. The growth of Salina in recent years has elongated the City in a north - south direction, a condi tion which has accelerated municipal service problems. It is recommended that this trend be retarded in the next two decades until vacant land in the southern areas of the City are filled, and that developments to the east, across the river, be encouraged. The" Neighborhood Development Map" illustrates the areas in which new growth is recom- mended. The map shows the existing 15 neighborhoods and eight new neighborhoods and the network of major thorough- fares that would serve them. Four of the proposed neighborhoods are west of the river and four are east of the river. Each of the new neighborhoods will require an elementary school. Junior and senior high schools will be necessary. Actual growth will determine 44 I where these secondary schools will be located and which will be needed earliest. It is, however, quite likely that both a junior and a senior high school should be anticipated in either neighborhood S - 3 or S - 4, and a junior high school in either neighborhood E - 2 or E - 3. These new neighbor- hoods will need parks and shopping facilities within convenient distances. The importance of maintaining high standards within our neighborhoods cannot be over- emphasized. This can only be accomplished by providing these necessary amenities, each properly located and designed to meet the objectives of the Guide Plan. Another, and equally important media for up - grading and maintaining neighborhoods is through the formation of Neighborhood Improvement Associations to promote pride of ownership through high maintenance standards. I I I I I The table of "Neighborhood Land Use Projections -1985 " recaps the change and growth patterns en visioned to occur in the planning period. It suggests that approximately 47 percent of the anticipated residential growth will occur within the existing 15 neighborhoods; that 25 percent will be in the four new neighborhoods east of the river; and that 28 percent will take place in the four new neighborhoods wes t of the river. This total growth is summarized in the ta ble, "Land Use Summary - 1985 " , which can be com pared with the similar summary of land use as of 1963. I I I I LAND USE SUMMARY 1985 I PERCENT OF PERCENT OF PERCENT OF TOTAL TOTAL TOTAL RESIDENTIAL DEVELOPED AREA LAND LAND SINGLE - FAMILY 87.0 33.6 23.7 TWO-FAMILY 7.0 2.7 1.9 MULTI- FAMILY 3.0 1.2 0.8 MOBILE HOMES 3.0 1.2 0.8 RESIDENTIAL 100.0 38.7 27.2 COMMERCIAL 4.9 3.5 INDUSTRIAL 14.1 9.9 PUBLIC & QUASI- PUBLIC 16.0 11.2 STREETS & ALLEYS 26.3 17.5 NON - RESIDENTIAL B.l 43.1 TOTAL DEVELOPED LAND 100.0 70.3 USABLE VACANT 24.1 NON - USABLE VACANT 6.6 TOTAL VACANT LAND 30.7 TOTAL AREA 100.0 I I I I I I I I I" ~~~m ...~I " ' , " Tn j ,= '~,~-'"'~~~,~_.--~- L j , i oo_-'Y:r-""^~,~'"-- ~4 i~ I - ! ~~mi_m"'""_m.mL," ,', 'I)"" ftlj ~> J ",',1 "1 --;: .--J, ' "~~" .-/ """<'([-'; ,I' j"';,) ;;::j!) , ~/I(<.J -i,~IL 1',':",,'::)/" /:.:- "n'".L......._ i j : I : ~---Tl '~" I 'Z" I "\,, "" ~ )), '." I I'-if' 1 I: ~m~~,~jL I""'! " ~-, 00'''''''"\0> ~ . {~ \ I in., /m -I' J <",-, -Lf::~:<~m': : '" ,,//" / 1:&"-- FlI-IOOIJ Existing Proposed NEIGHBORHOOD BOUNDARIES MAJOR THOROUGHFARES SCHOOLS Elementary e . Junior High " 6 Senior High -' e Rural PARKS ~j~t;~~l 1~~1;f MAJOR NON - RESIDENTIAL AREAS fa FLOOD PLAIN CONTROLLED FLOOD WAY 1964 CITY LIMITS SAlI N A .-. ~N""""""'" 6000 FEET CITY PlANNING COMMISSION f;'LSON COMPANY ENGINEERS ARC HITECTS t PLANNING CONSULTANTS NEIGHBORHOOD Growth in Acres O' ~ ~~ ~.,. LAND USE PROJECTIONS - 1985 RESIDENTIAL ~(:) ....' ," ~+ 177.0 ....~ o~ .....,.v (:)<?' ....0 23.0 200.0 2 HAWTHORNE PHILLIPS** 97.0 - 12.0 211.5 8.5 85.0 220.0 3 OAK DALE 120.5 4.5 97.0 - 17.0 83.0 67.0 125.0 80.0 150.0 4 WHITTIER 143.0 107.0 250.0 *** 2.5 2.5 150.0 185.0 S BARTLETT 147.5 182.5 10 FRANKLIN Be LOWELL 276.0 6 GLENIFFER HILL 11 HUESNER 232.0 179.0 3.0 279.0 2.0 234.0 11.0 190.0 46 7 MEADOW LARK B SOUTH PARK 47.5 102.5 150.0 139.5 130.5 270.0 48.0 337.0 385.0 2,181.0 772.0 2,953.0 20.0 250.0 270.0 40.0 190.0 230.0 3.0 2.0 77.0 80.0 38.0 40.0 4,170 2,770 3,480 3,020 2,760 1,440 2,480 2,800 5,340 4,500 3,180 POPU LA TION .... ,,~ ~~ ~.,. ~" (f <<<?' ,~ ~ ~""0<?' ~.,. <<~\.,.v COM MER C I A L ",{ (:) v o~O~ ,~....~.,.v .....,. <?,<;if' ".... ~ 0.... ....0 <<0<?,0 ~+- (:)<?,O .... 230 4,400 22,0 130 2,900 34.1 220 3,700 27.8 130 3,150 25.2 240 3,000 37.5 1,110 2,550 16.9 830 1,670 2,500 10.0 420 250 2,900 19.3 3,050 17.6 60 5,400 19.4 50 4,550 19.4 220 3,400 17.9 800 1,750 2,550 17.0 2,540 2,110 4,650 17.2 820 5,730 6,550 17.0 80.5 29.5 110.0 38.5 11.0 1.5 40.0 4.0 15.0 28.0 12.0 40.0 27.5 16.5 44.0 12.5 27.5 40.0 0.5 25.0 4.5 7.0 39.0 9.0 6.5 14.0 4.5 11.5 1.5 25.0 1.5 13.0 0.5 2.0 1.0 26.0 I I INDUSTRIAL (:) ....'~ ....~ ," o~ ~+ (:)<?' 168.0 392.0 80.0 5.0 197.5 177.5 10.5 59.5 8.0 8.0 2.0 1.0 7.0 25.0 14.0 2.0 7.5 4.5 5.5 7.0 3.0 .....,.v ....0 I 560.0 85.0 375.0 I 70.0 8.0 10.0 I 9 SUNSET 65.0 555.0 620.0 20.0 230.0 250.0 2.0 208.0 210.0 3.0 47.0 50.0 3.0 37.0 40.0 28.0 522.0 550.0 40,930 14,320 55,250 18.7 * 70 2,630 2,700 10.0 120 3,330 3,450 15.0 20 1,180 1,200 15.0 10 600 15.0 590 220 7,950 12.8 * 7.0 7.0 0.5 19.5 20.0 3.0 17.0 20.0 269.5 162.5 432.5 2.0 3.0 7.0 25.0 I I 0.5 14.0 2.0 8.0 I 12 HAGEMAN 2,274.0 1,849.04,123.0 7,730 130 10 30 30 4,050 16.2 3,400 16.2 750 15.0 600 15.0 3,920 3,390 720 570 200 8,800 16.0* 10.0 10.0 20.0 20.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 50.0 50.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 20.0 20.0 10.0 10.0 50.0 50.0 I 10.0 10.0 I 515.0 672.0 1,187.0 44.0 56.0 44.0 56.0 56.0 144.0 5.0 5.0 61.0 149.0 I 100.0 I I "100.0 I .13 KENNEDY 8,600 41,350 30,650 72,000 17.5 * 269.5 262.5 532.0 I 200.0 10.0 I 210.0 I 620.0 877.0 1,497.0 I 14 STEWART IS KEY ACRES SUB-TOTALS E-1 E-2 E-3 E-4 SUB-TOTALS S -1 S -2 S -3 S -4 SUB-TOTALS TOTALS I I I I 62.0 8.0 I 21.0 19.0 40.0 126.0 4.0 130.0 I 11.5 3.5 21.0 85.5 4.5 I 241.5 38.5 280.0 I 22.0 11.0 I 27.5 0.5 62.0 56.5 0.5 I I 7.0 3.0 43.5 6.5 22.5 17.5 I 820.5 105.5 926.0 I .,.v 0'" '" 70.0 15.0 21.0 90.0 22.0 11.0 28.0 62.0 57.0 10.0 50.0 40.0 440.0 10.0 450.0 3.0 37.0 40.0 I 40.0 30.0 I 40.0 30.0 443.0 117.0 560.0 I 70.0 30.0 70.0 30.0 I 100.0 100.0 20.0 20.0 I 220.0 220.0 I 1,263.5 442.5 1,706.0 STREETS & ALLEYS ~0 X' ",' ~'" .,.v 0~"> 0<<-0 ",0'" 227.0 83.0 310.0 114.0 - 4.0 110.0 149.0 71.0 220.0 89.0 11.0 100.0 81.5 0.5 82.0 71.5 38.5 110.0 90.5 99.5 190.0 82.0 82.0 103.0 7.0 110.0 146.0 130.0 99.0 146.0 130.0 99.0 o 0'" 0 .,.0v .,.<<- 0v v"> 00 v">'" O~ <<-0'" 0'< '" -<f. .,. v0v ~.,."> v ","'-.l 0'" 0 ",'" ",000 -.l"''''<<- ",0 1,250 231 28 1,509 360 960 350 235 400 16 9 385 26 145 1,131 36 3 3 83 61 730 233 101 1,064 300 340 7 8 42 6 387 241 544 315 388 487 448 388 264 542 745 7,627 838 373 8,838 480 430 380 7 10 8 5 3 800 640 1,720 1,720 550 3,990 247 490 675 17 52 70 730 600 640 360 1,310 945 75 2,330 900 260 490 1,650 540 340 20 900 180 600 20 100 520 20 440 270 20 350 235 15 420 220 100 220 40 10,657 3,053 998 15,158 * Average Close Phillips - Transfer to Whittier and Bartlett. Close South Park - Transfer to Franklin and Bartlett. PUBLIC & QUASI PUBLIC ,~0 ",X' ,,>'" ~ ~ <<-0 o 0 55.0 25.0 80.0 ** *** 47 I 105.0 35.0 140.0 133.5 86.5 220.0 1,676.0 453.0 2,129.0 10.0 160.0 170.0 15.0 135.0 150.0 15.0 35.0 15.0 5.0 50.0 20.0 55.0 335.0 390.0 60.0 50.0 110.0 10.0 90.0 100.0 10.0 40.0 10.0 10.0 50.0 20.0 90.0 190.0 280.0 1,821.0 978.0 2,799.0 NEIGHBORHOOD ANALYSIS. . . Each of the 23 neighbor- hoods which make up the Salina community of 1985 was individually analyzed. From this analysis a general development plan for the community was evolved. This analy si s follows: NEIGHBORHOOD NUMBER 1 - HAWTHORNE Area: 1,509 acres; 714.5 acres developed; largest neigh- borhood. Population: Present 4,170; Projected 4,400 Land Use: Scattered and widely varied uses, 25 percent residential, 24 percent industrial, 11 percent commercial. Over fifty percent of the neighborhood is made up of usable vacant land quite suitable for industrial or commercial type uses. Large number of mobile homes in two major trailer parks. Housing: Mostly single-family dwellings in good to poor condi tion. Large deteriorating area and largest pocket of blight in the city. Major Neighborhood Facilities: Hawthorne Elementary School, St. John's Military Academy, Salvation Army Community Center, Thomas Park Comments and Recommendations: The population of this neighborhood is not expected to increase materially. The greatest amount of industrial growth in the community is expected to occur in the eastern and western portions of this neighborhood. Access to the Interstate Highways is good and railroad service is readily available. 48 NEIGHBORHOOD NUMBER 2 - PHILLIPS I I I' I II I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I Area: 385 acres; 350.5 acres developed. Population: Present 2,770; Projected 2,900 Land Use: Scattered and varied uses, 27 percent residen- tial, 22.5 percent industrial, 11 percent commercial. Includes north half of CBD. Only 25 acres of usable vacant land. With 28.6 persons per net residential acre, it is the most densely settled neighborhood in the city. Housing: Mostly single-family in good to fair condition. Small pockets of deteriorating housing. Many conversions to two-and more-family dwellings. Major Neighborhood Facilities: Numerous community facili ties: Saline Coun ty Court House and Jail, Memorial Hall, Sacred Heart Elementary and Junior High Schools (Parochial), City Hall, Central Fire Station. Comments and Recommendations: The Phillips Elementary School is scheduled to be abandoned because of structural condition and present plans are to transfer its students to Whittier and Bartlett schools (Neighborhoods 4 and 5). The present Phillips neighborhood is expected to remain rather static with respect to population. Multiple - family dwelling uses will probably increase and the total amount of land used for residential purposes is expected to decrease. This area is the recommended location for the new Community Center - city hall - court house - library - auditorium complex and the proposed Community Inn. Neighborhood lacks park area. NEIGHBORHOOD NUMBER 3 - OAKDALE Area: 1,131 acres; 695 acres developed; second largest neighborhood. Population: Present 3,480; Projected 3,700 Land Use: Varied uses, 31 percent residential, 29 percent industrial. Nearly 13 percent of the total neighborhood is unusable vacant land. Includes two major parks. A number of scattered mobile homes. I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I Housing: Predominantly single - family dwellings in good to poor condition. Large deteriorating area and two pockets of bligh 1. Major Neighborhood Facilities: Oakdale Elementary School, St. John's Hospital, Oakdale and Kenwood Parks, Special Education Center, both municipal swimming pools, Agricultural Hall, 4 - H Building. Comments and Recommendations: This neighborhood is expected to increase in population about 10 percent including some new multiple - family dwellings. The major develop- ment is expected to be industrial in the northeast portion of the neighborhood. Lee Industrial Park and areas adjacent to it are considered to be highly desirable locations for new industry. The neighborhood includes a sizeable residential area which will probably be annexed to the City within the planning period. NEIGHBORHOOD NUMBER 4 - WHITTIER Area: 387 acres; 259.5 developed. Population: Present 3,020; Projected 3,150 Land Use: Predominantly residential (46.5 percent of developed area). One - fifth of residential area is two- family. Includes the varied commercial strip - development on south Broadway. Three large motels. Two-and more family dwellings are widely scattered throughout the residential areas. One-third of the neighborhood area is usable vacant land. Housing: Predominantly single - family dwellings in good to poor condition. Three small deteriorating areas. Major Neighborhood Facilities: Whittier Elementary School, National Guard Armory. Comments and Recommendations: No appreciable change is expected in the population of this neighborhood except as will result from the addition of a part of the Phillips Neighborhood when its school is abandoned. The vacant usable land, west of Broadway, is suitable for light industrial purposes and growth of that nature can be expected. Neighborhood lacks park and playground area. NEIGHBORHOOD NUMBER 5 - BARTLETT Area: 241 acres; 235 acres developed. Smallest neighbor- hood. Population: Present 2,760; Projected 2,900 Land Use: 41 percent residential nearly one - third of which is two - and more family. Includes south half of CBD. Only six acres of vacant land, 3.5 acres of which is considered unusable. Second most densely settled neigh- borhood with 28.5 persons per net residential acre. Housing: Mixture of dwelling structure types generally in good to fair condition. Small deteriorating area. Major Neighborhood Facilities: Bartlett Elementary School, Y M C A, Y W C A, Lincoln - Roosevelt Junior High School, Asbury Hospital. Comments and Recommendations: Gross residential area expected to decrease as a result of conversion to commer- cial uses. Population will increase slightly because of new multiple - family construction. 49 NEIGHBORHOOD NUMBER 6 - GLENIFFER HILL Area: 544 acres; 260.5 acres developed. Population: Present 1,440; Projected 2,550 Land Use: 32 percent of developed land is residential which is 90 percent single - family. Few scattered commercial and light industrial developments on Iron A venue and Ohio Street. One - third of developed area consists of Indian Rock Park. 12.5 percent of the neighborhood is unusable vacant land. Housing: Ages of dwelling structures range from old to new and condition from excellent to poor. Small area of deterioration in northwest corner of neighborhood. Major Neighborhood Facilities: Gleniffer Hill Elementary School, Indian Rock Park. Comments and Recommendations: A population increase of 75 to 80 percent is predicted as a result of development of two of the largest vacant areas within the city - the area west and north of Marymount College and the area south of Kenwood Park and west of Ohio Street. The undeveloped commercial zones on Iron and on Ohio are expected to become occupied as the neighborhood grows. NEIGHBORHOOD NUMBER 7 - MEADOW LARK Area: 1,064 acres; 476.5 acres developed. Third largest neighborhood. Population: Present 830; Projected 2,500 Land Use: Predominantly residential (30 %). Public and Quasi-Public uses account for 51 % - Marymount College, Salina Country Club, Mount Calvary and Gypsum Hill cemeteries. Lowest population density of all neighborhoods averaging 5.8 persons per residential acre. Area is dominated by large homes on large lots. Includes over 1,000 acres of unusable land. 50 ~------" Housing: 100 percent single - family dwellings, age range from new to 45 years, condition of structures excellent to good. I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I Major Neighborhood Facilities: Meadow Lark Elementary School, Salina Country Club, Marymount College. Comments and Recommendations: A continuation of rather extensive residential construction is expected as the neighborhood grows to the east and to the southwest. Many of the new homes will be large, especially to the southwest, but the average size and price of the homes will decrease because of the proximity of the municipal airport with respect to eastern developments. A neighborhood park is recom- mended to serve this neighborhood and the western portion of new Neighborhood E - 2 to the east; the northern end of the airport runway clear - zone is suggested as a possible location. Retail type business developments at the intersection of Crawford Avenue and Marymount Road should be discouraged. Well- planned office - type uses would be more desirable. A neighborhood" shopping center" to serve this neighborhood, as well as Neighborhoods E - 2 and E - 3, would be well located if developed at or near the intersection of Crawford A venue and the N - S section - line road immediately east of the airport. A neighborhood shopping center should be centered in a trade area with a one-mile radius; serving from 5,000 to 10,000 people. The familiar method of zoning all four corners of a major intersection for neighborhood commercial purposes is no longer logical in light of the change in shopper habits. It is much more sensible to zone one, or at most, two corners to commercial and 'the others to office or multiple residence uses. Serious consideration should be given to requiring that a detailed market analysis precede or accompany requests for rezoning for neighborhood shopping center purposes. II I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I NEIGHBORHOOD NUMBER 8 - SOUTH PARK Area: 315 acres; 283.5 acres developed. Population: Present 2,480; Projected 2,900 Land Use: Widely varied; residential types vary from single - family to large mobile home parks; 52 percent residential; 9 percent commercial including de",elopments on Broadway and the Elmore Shopping Center. Housing: Predominantly single - family, many relatively new multiple - family dwellings. Condition varies from good to fair with a few structures in poor condition. Major Neighborhood Facilities: South Park Elementary School, Elmore Shopping Center. Comments and Recommendations: South Park School is scheduled to be abandoned and its students transferred to Franklin and to Barlett. This move will eliminate this temporary and elongated school-centered neighborhood and its area divided into the five adjacent neighborhoods. The predicted population increase is predicated on further multiple - family developments in the eastern half of the neighborhood. The commercial developments are expected to occur on Crawford, east of the Elmore Center. NEIGHBORHOOD NUMBER 9 - SUNSET Area: 388 acres; 301 acres developed. Population: Present 2800; Projected 3050 Land Use: 61 percent residential, all single - family except for 4 two - family dwellings. Small undeveloped park. Commercial uses at the intersection of Crawford and Broadway. Housing: Small houses predominate in good to poor condition. Large deteriorating area approaching blight. In serious need of rehabilitation. Major Neighborhood Facilities: Sunset Elementary School. Comments and Recommendations: The northern half of this neighborhood is for the mos t part of war-time marginal type construction. This area, known as Indian Village because of the street names, has many vacant units and there is a serious and increasing problem of deterioration. The FHA has recently announced the intention of initiating a major rehabilitation program for the area. The forecast of a stable and slightly increased population by 1985 is entirely predicated on considerable rehabilitation. If the area is not improved, a population decrease of at least 50 percent can be expected. A small tract of approximately 25 acres, west of the developed area, is expected to be used for light industrial purposes. NEIGHBORHOOD NUMBER 10 - FRANKLIN & LOWELL Area: 487 acres; 475 acres developed Population: Present 5,340; Projected 5,400 Land Use: 58 percent residential, three small commercial areas including Sunset Plaza Shopping Center at intersection of Broadway and Crawford. Housing: Medium-sized to small homes in good to fair condition; age varies from 10 to 50 years. Major Neighborhood Facilities: Franklin and Lowell Elementary Schools, Sunset Park. Comments and Recommendations: Very little new develop- ment is expected in this neighborhood. The population and the land use pattern will remain relatively stable. Except for one new and larger neighborhood (Key Acres), this neighborhood will continue to be the most heavily populated in the City. Conservation measures are recommended to prevent deterioration. 51 I I I I I I I I I, I I 'I I, I I, II I I, I ,---- i II I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I NEIGHBORHOOD NUMBER 11 - HUESNER Area: 448 acres; 427.5 acres developed. Population: Present 4,500; Projected 4,550 Land Use: 54 percent residential; one small commercial area. Housing: Mostly single family with condition ranging from excellent to fair. Major Neighborhood Facilities: Huesner Elementary School, Salina Senior H. S. and Athletic Field. Comments and Recommendations: The Huesner neighborhood is also considered to have reached complete development except for additional commercial uses on Crawford and a few new homes on vacant lots. NEIGHBORHOOD NUMBER 12 - HAGEMAN Area: 388 acres; 367 acres developed. Population: Present 3,180; Projected 3,400 Land Use: 49 percent residential, 7 percent commercial; one - third of the mobile homes in the city are located in this neighborhood. Housing: Wide range of type, age and condition. Mostly single - family. Small area of deteriorating dwellings west of Broadway. Major Neighborhood Facilities: Hageman Elementary School, Sunset Park, Kraft Manor Shopping Area, Kansas Wesleyan University. Comments and Recommendations: A slight growth in population is expected as the result of vacant lot develop- ment. Conservation and rehabilitation measures should be applied in the area of deterioration. Conditions in the mobile home park immediately west of the Hageman School should be improved considerably. NEIGHBORHOOD NUMBER 13 - KENNEDY Area: 264 acres; 109.5 acres developed. Population: Present 800; Projected 2,550 Land Use: 100 percent residential development except for streets and school grounds. 58 percent of neighborhood is usable vacant land. Housing: All small single - family homes, relatively new. Major Neighborhood Facilities: Kennedy Elementary School. Comments and Recommendations: This area between Highway 81 and Interstate 35 W is expected to continue to develop in same general pattern as has been started. No industrial development is expected. The population is predicted to triple. Small commercial development is expected along highway and near Magnolia. NEIGHBORHOOD NUMBER 14 - GRACE E. STEWART Area: 542 acres; 293 acres developed. Population: Present 2,540; Projected 4,650 Land Use: 48 percent residential. 46 percent of neighbor- hood is usable vacant land. Housing: Almost entirely new single - family 1n good condition. Major Neighborhood Facilities: Grace E. Stewart Elementary School, South Jr. H. S., St. Mary's Elementary School (parochial), Sacred Heart Senior H. S. (parochial). Comments and Recommendations: This neighborhood is expected to experience relatively rapid growth because of location and availability of vacant residential lots. A neighborhood shopping area is recommended in the commer- cially zoned area near the in tersection of Albert A venue and Ohio Street. There is an urgent need for a developed park to serve this and other southern and southeastern areas of the City. 53 I I I I I' I NEIGHBORHOOD NUMBER 15 - "KEY ACRES" I Area: 745 acres; 214 acres developed. Land Use: Except for a few new commercial uses on US 81 (Ninth Street) the developed area is entirely residential. Comments and Recommendations: This new neighborhood is expected to become the largest in population if the present density per acre continues and if lot sizes and street patterns in the unplatted areas are similar to those in the areas being developed. The commercial zone along U S-81 will probably develop to serve the" Key Acres" neighbor- hood and Schilling Manor but it is suggested that a Commercial development to serve this neighborhood, as well as new neighborhoods S - 2, S - 3, and S - 4, may be warranted near the intersection of the section -line roads at the southeast corner of the" Key Acres" neighborhood. I Population: Present 820; Projected 6,550 Housing: New medium-sized single - family homes. I I Major Neighborhood Facilities: "Key Acres" Elementary School (School has not been officially named). I 54 I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I NEIGHBORHOOD NUMBER E-1 Area: 1,650 acres; 900 acres developed by 1985. Population: Present 70; Projected 2,700 Land Use: This neighborhood will become the largest in the City in area. Nearly 30 percent is unusable consisting of river channel and airport clear zone. 27 percent of the neighborhood is presently used for municipal airport, Elks Country Club and cemetery purposes. Housing: Present residential uses include a variety of single - family homes and a small mobile home park. Major Neighborhood Facilities: Elks Country Club. Comments and Recommendations: This neighborhood can be the key to development east of the river. The initial extension of Mary mount Road to the south, from the northwest corner of the Elks Country Club to Mrgnolia, as a major thoroughfare will become an important link in the thorough- fare system and, as a result of improved circulation, promote residential development. This neighborhood, plus the continuation of rapid growth in the eastern portions of the Meadow Lark Neighborhood, will result in further" squaring" of the City and establish a pattern for expansions to the east in neighborhoods E - 2, E - 3 and E - 4. Neighborhood shopping areas would be logically located near the northeast and southeast corners of Neighborhood E-1. NEIGHBORHOOD NUMBER E - 2 Area: 900 acres; 540 acres developed by 1985 Population: Present 120; Projected 3,450 Land Use: Strip residential developments along section -line roads. Industrial developments adjacent to railroad tracks. Housing: Single - family homes in good condition. Major Neighborhood Facilities: Parsons Rural Elementary School which will undoubtedly soon become part of the City school system. Comments and Recommendations: This neighborhood is expected to become a major area of residential expansion. Further industrial developments along the railroad tracks is a possibility. Steps should be taken to stop further strip - type residential developments; land - owners should be encouraged to prepare plats, even though such plats remain unofficial for some time, so that land -use and street patterns may be coordinated. Commercial development near the southwest corner of the neighborhood is recom- mended. NEIGHBORHOODS NUMBER E - 3 AND E - 4 Area: (E-3) 800 acres; 180 acres developed by 1985 (E -4) 640 acres; 100 acres developed by 1985 Population: (E-3) Present 20; Projected 1,200 (E - 4 ) Present 10; Projected 600 Land Use: Agricultural except for scattered single - family dwellings. Housing: Pattern not established. Major Neighborhood Facilities: None Comments and Recommendations: Strip - type developments should be discouraged. Park area should be developed in Neighborhood E - 3. Commercial development near southwest corner of Neighborhood E - 4 is recommended. 55 NEIGHBORHOOD NUMBER S-l Area: 730 acres; 440 acres developed by 1985 Population: Present 130; Projected 4,050 Land Use: Partially platted for residential purposes. Small commercial development in northwest corner at Crawford. Second commercial area at Albert & Ohio intersection. Few older rural-type residences on East Cloud. Housing: Pattern not established. Major Neighborhood Facilities: None Comments and Recommendations: Every effort should be made to encourage the early development of this large vacant area. No other area adjacent to present City boundaries is considered to have more potential. Land evaluation should recognize this potential and the land should be taxed accordingly. Land - owners should be persuaded to have the area platted to establish the location of collector streets. The City can provide impetus to development by early action with respect to the proposed park; by initiating a reasonable program of annexation; and by establishment of an elementary school site. This neighborhood contains a cut - off loop of the river all or most of which should be developed as a major park to serve southeast Salina. This recommendation has first priority in the planning of park system extensions and expansion. A neighborhood commer- cial development near the intersection of Albert and Ohio is recommended. The area is presently served by a major sewer trunk line and water service. It would also be beneficia I to the developed areas west of Ohio by providing looped water service. 56 NEIGHBORHOOD NUMBER S - 2 I I I .i I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I Area: 600 acres; 350 acres developed by 1985 Population: Present 10; Projected 3,400 Land Use: Presently all agricultural. Housing: Pattern not established. Major Neighborhood Facilities: None Comments and Recommendations: This neighborhood should be encouraged to develop prior to neighborhoods S - 3 and S - 4 to further the sugges tion of "squaring" the shape of the City and to delay the need for municipal utility extensions as much as possible. NEIGHBORHOODS NUMBER S - 3 AND S - 4 Area: (S - 3) 640 acres; 420 acres developed by 1985 (S - 4) 360 acres; 100 acres developed by 1985 Population: (S - 3) Present 30; Projected 750 (S - 4) Present 30; Projected 570 Land Use: Industrial developments presently occupy over 50 acres in neighborhood S - 3. Balance of area is used for agricultural purposes. Housing: Pattern not established. Major Neighborhood Facilities: None Comments and Recommendations: The Neighborhood S - 3 industrial area should be encouraged to expand. Control should be exercised to prevent industries which will cause smoke, dust, or odors because of the prevailing wind pattern. Land should be reserved in either S - 3 or S - 4 for future secondary schools and for a park to serve the southern neighborhoods of the City. I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I ,,"' CENTRAL BUSINESS DISTRICT One of the most challenging and complex problems facing the Salina community is that of the Central Business District. The CBD is the principal concentra- tion of retail shopping, personal services, entertainment, financial houses, offices, governmental and other related functions of the City. As such, it is the core or heart of the city and worthy of extraordinary efforts to revit- talize it. Despite the advent of the" shopping center", the CBD remains the focal point of commercial activity. The challenge lies in preserving and increasing the business health of the area; in finding new and compatible uses to replace the vacant structures and dying activities, and in arresting the trends of dilapidation at its fringe. Those who might suggest the desertion of the downtown area to the forces of change are not fully aware of the investment in public and private funds that are involved. The study of the Central Business District undertaken as a part of the current planning program was not the comprehensive and exhaustive study which is necessary for a complete analysis. The revitalization and improvement of the CBD will depend considerably more upon private action and financing than on public financing and programs. The community as a whole should be united, through under- standing, in a private - public, long - range program and the whole community should be willing to partici- pate with downtown business interests to put a program into action. The CBD is defined, generally, as the area between Fourth and Eighth Streets and between the Missouri Pacific R R tracks and Mulberry Street. The commercially developed area is not rectangular since it narrows to Fifth Street and to Seventh Street in certain blocks. In net area, the CBD totals approximately 60 acres, not including streets and alleys. Non-business land uses such as resi- dential, public and quasi-public, and industrial- type developments use 25 of the 60 acres. The total area of 60 acres represents only 1.1 percent, and the 35 acres used for commer- cial purposes in the CBD repre- sents less than two-thirds of one percent of the developed area of the city. The total assessed valuation of the CBD was $4,600,000 in 1957 and $4,085,000 in 1964. A drop of $515,000, over 11 percen t, in s~ven years. A large part of this decrease is due to the conv~rsion of private property to public parking lots and was anticipated, as well as recommended, as a CBD conservation measure. The importance of the CBD with respect to tax base considerations is borne out by the following comparison: The CBD, representing only 0.64 of one percent of the developed area of the city, accounts for nearly seven percent of the total assessed valuation. The Sears, Sunset Plaza, Kraft Manor - Welles, and Elmore shopping centers represent the same percent of the developed area of the city (34 acres) and account for less than two percent of the total assessed valuation. AREA TOTAL AVERAGE (ACRES) ASSESSED VALUATION VALUATION PER ACRE (THOUSANDS)(LAND ONLY) RANGE OF VALUATIONS PER ACRE CENTRAL BUSINESS DISTRICT 35 $48,600 $ 17,500 TO $105.500 $4,085 FOUR SHOPPING C EN T E R S 34 $1,182 $ 6,250 $ 3,750 TO $10,000 Quite obviously the differences reflected in the above table are the result of two factors. 1. Land is valued as much as thirty-eight times higher in the CBD, and nearly eight times as high on an average. 2. Buildings in the CBD 'represent twice the valuation of those in the four centers. The above comparisons are not included to convey the impression that shopping centers are to be eliminated or discouraged. No one denies that they have had an adverse effect upon the CBD but there is a need for neighborhood shopping facilities in a community the size of Salina. The comparisons were drawn to point out the importance of the CBD to the economy and growth of the City. 58 I With the exception of the United Building (10 floors), the Great Plains Building (4 floors), Stiefels (3 floors), and a few other structures, most buildings in the district are two stories. A few businesses use basement areas for sales purposes; other basements are generally used for storage- and utili ties. Second floor usage is quite commonly used for office type purposes or storage. I I I I The building areas, in. square feet, used for commercial purposes totalled as follows: Retail Services Wholesale Total 1,115,000 S. F. 1,334,000 647,000 3,096,000 S. F. I The majority of the commercial buildings were erected prior to 1930 and a number are in the 60 - year - old age bracket. A few structures have been remodeled and modernized in recent years by means of interior and store front improve- ment, or both, but not enough to change the overall effective age of the area. There have been four new buildings constructed in the last decade. Many of the upper floors within the CBD are vacant or partially vacant. At the time of the survey, there were 10 vacant first floors and 43 vacant upper floors in the district. The majority of these vacancies were on the east side of Santa Fe. This is due to a change in demand for this type of space, particularly because of the lack of elevator service. The majority of these upper areas have slipped into poor condition and are economically beyond repair. Structurally, twelve buildings are considered to be deteriorated and four to be in unsound condi tion. I I I I I I I I The employment survey indicated that the CBD area represents 4,440 jobs, or over one-third of the jobs in the City. This is further proof of the importance of the trade industries in the total economy of the City. In most cities the CBD is the focal point of internal traffic and, because of age and relatively dense development, the CBD commonly suffers from poor accessibility, poor internal circulation, and lack of parking. The Salina CBD is fortunate in that its accessibility ,problems are not too great. There are a few circulation problems which can be minimized or eliminated without involving major construction or costly improvements. Salina is one of the minority of cities which does not presently have a CBD parking problem because of a system of large and well- spaced municipal parking lots complemented by several private parking areas. I I I I I I I The recommendations with respect to CBD traffic and parking will be a part of the companion Transportation Study. However, there are general recommendations which can be made at this time. Improvements to accessibility should include a better means of getting to the CBD from the west and Interstate 35 W. Circulation in the CBD could be improved by synchronization of traffic lights including those that are pedestrian actuated, by increasing the travel-lane widths by changes in the on - street parking patterns, and reexamination of portions of the one - way street pattern. Off - street parking in the CBD should be restudied periodically as dictated by growth of the CBD so that additional spaces are provided, preferably in advance of business growth. Full parking lots are positive evidence of a shortage of parking. I I I I I Local governmental agencies can halt the decline of the CBD, strengthen its economic status, and, quite conceivably, induce growth and new construction in the downtown area by construction of a governmental- civic center complex on the border of the CBD. This recommendation is a part of the Community Facilities element of the Plan. I I The proposed downtown motor - hotel and convention facility will have the same effects on the CBD; a side benefit of the Community Inn proposal that has not been adequately emphasized. I I Basically, however, the solutions to Central Business District problems are in the hands of the businesses and property owners. Compactness of the area must be preserved. Non-retail establishments should not be mixed with retail businesses, particularly at ground level. Mer- chandizing and service must be constantly improved. Modernization of building interiors and exteriors is essential to improve appearances of the area. Appearances and atmosphere can also be promoted by minimizing or elimina- tion of store - front clutter and street clutter. Light poles, hydrants, street signs, store signs, banners, window displays, letter and litter baskets, traffic signs, varieties of awnings and marquees, overhead wiring, et aI, all contribute to a cluttered condition. I I I I I Because of the financial stake private interests have in the maintenance and future of the CBD, they should be united in an a11- out effort to establish goals and programs that will insure their investments. The primary recommendation with respect to the CBD is that such an organization be formed. I I I INDUSTRIAL AREAS Existing light and heavy industrial developments are for the most part, concentrated in the areas adjacent to the railroad yards in the northern third of the City. Industrial type uses of land comprise 9.4 percent of the developed area of the community. Salina, by virtue of its location at the intersection of two interstate highways and served by four railroads, is in excellent position to compete for industries. In the formation of the Development Plan, the assumption was made that the efforts to induce industry into the community will be successful . . . . a result that is most necessary to insure a healthy and balanced economy. The Plan allocates approximately 900 acres for manufactur- ing and industrial park developments, permitting ample freedom of site choice and location. The Plan offers an adequate gross area, as well as adequate quantities of the differeht types of area,so that all types of industry may be attracted and conveniently accommodated. Industries require sites that vary in size from one-half acre to 2,000 acres, and sites in the range of 100 to 500 acres are not uncommon. If the allocation of 900 acres proves to be insufficient, there are additional acreages available that are suitable. The largest areas suggested are situated in Neighborhoods 1, 3 and S - 3, although industrial growth is predicted in ten of the other neighborhooas. Industrial growth in Neighborhood S - 3 should be permitted only under rigid performance standards with respect to noise, smoke, fumes, etc. It is proposed that heavy industrial uses be concentrated in the north-eastern sector of the community, although this area has equal potential for light manufacturing activities. The tendency for wholesale and warehousing activities to locate in industrial park developments should be encouraged. The Zoning Ordinance should be revised so that industrial land is protected from encroachment by non-industrial uses, particularly residential uses. 59 41 '''I ' 1 +j't NJ,~ 1~~' M~1. , I ' ~=:..-r 1 :!-1J;Ft[i,g~~~ ! "...... ~~~li~~ll .... ' .!\ ~i:~ " / I_t:, 'r V( ,', .ry~j 7 i",,,,l ( , I,j",i:~E I{'/ ~17 '~"- '''~ I _~j I, i [~.: ',,< f""',~,./.,"""'("~' ? \ ----,- /l6;!~! Ii =::; m _, ..J j u. ,--, --"~,,- ----, l'~~ , ----- I--- m SC\iILUNG AIR A 146 ~ ~ l}> -- II --l, 1- ! ./ 7'lt)~~~~f~1i'~~ -'---'-----'-~) CO N(l1VI1J tv ,-'- 'Y /:J-=j~A.f_=;~.i, TIE S I /." ..' "l""""----.,.-."-~.'r::::.~~.::..::~,'..:.',:.::,~_,....,._.,""""'_U'" r"'-'-~""""'--"'r'^""""'"''''''''-''r''''''' I (/":',, : 1"__,, : 10' I:::::: ,. : . ,;! :;; ....,..~..,-+-~" i ) I r,. ___ !: ;: ,........-:: " -- '''TT,' 0:':-11t::::~!~::::tp!!=:t::,'="'~;t==!=c'\" ~" iii.1 !! ~I [~\ ~jl/'~-"zv>, ~>!:::<;\ ' , 'd8 I j I .;> <<ii;, "_,,;~;~~->C[ifJ/r) ;;~~~: ~;;>, ~~/. (,\",y~~, ',[ ~ :~.;A:,f'~ '~ :~;'/~, "lJ,~~[":l/: >~:':>~~ ~lalJ%j' '\ < ,;) ~\ ,::'~:~~"':/ h r"'''-'' i,.b: 'i.:." 11 ~~~. 1,;1 ; j Ai"l 1 t '> ,:-~;:?~ [': 1{:::.~.~.::::~ c "J/Y PU BLlC Tt--t", ,~: )fL~ \\\\;.I....ll.lI ~:7;i\c 1-0 TA .<....:-., .. j / :) IN x i<-l" Y''''''''''/ :.A :rJ-i-/'~" 1 \/';-' '''11 ,I ie!>...;; I) .,,^^ I ': ! I "jt:;::,s;~2' 1 '0", " ; ;~~!<~~ ;'.';' II :-: 110 :-: :::::;.~.;.~,:;~:::: :::::!t,I.:::::::: '>:Mtlril'::-:~~t:< , I" /"., i /.t:~:.(~ i 0",,:; /;1 ~/ 1 { 1,~ ."JKd \Jf' ';; .." i .~ i -- " " I.~ !_ \\\ foL . ^~ XA.~\~ 1~6 \ ~ i\ '\ I _ ~-::1 :=r (i ) ). i 30 PARKS BUILDINGS :::~.':~~ r( r' >". .c= -\~ SCHOOLS ::::::~;~~~~:::: rOO, -.'--, \ QUASI-PUBLIC CHURCHES ,/ -----.. /'" -I'CI " A'8;: ""134 J ~i2 , :i~3~: ==== .J:/,! :;>,,,.1'.:;-: >_ ..... .,:,;,;1 ~=. tff:~#::I ;;{'::1 ~. S': _ ~ \) ,\ . ,) ,'~~ i \\ .-. ~N""""""'" I I srI' CLUBS MISCELLAN EOUS " ,,\ , \ i i ."" t ('''''1 .'1' l<J'iE! .-,-" " : 1 "".. i " c/( ft' I .,. '~,\'" j ," ,:.. "__" ro. ./j(~: _J /i';~: :fh<i J J . ... (:1:;:;,,> :::';:';}) ( ,.~-'~/\"j i ~\1,,;1 j i ii ,''''', j"". I to > SAlI N A 4000 FEET CITY PlANNING COMMISSION 11LSON COMPANY ENOl N EERS ARCHITECTS t PLANNING CONSUL TANTS T~'="-.."" ~ .& I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I . . .& . . I I I I 2 3 I I 6 4 . 5.. 7 . -I I &9 .10 I 8 12 I II ...13 .1 I & 5 . I .16 6 I I &17 &19 I 18. I i I I I I I 21 I 122 . 23 58 I I P$."'" I . 24 I . 28 I I ~ I I . I ~. -. CBO 1000 FEET I I CHURCHES SCHOOLS Sacred Heart Cathedral 8 Lincoln & Roosevelt Junior High 21 First Methodist 9 Asbury School of Nursing 27 First Assembly of God 15 Stimmel 30 Christ Cathedral, Episcopal 17 St. Johns Military Academy 32 Salvation Army 19 Parkview 33 Firsf Christian 20 Hawthorne 41 Firsf Church at Chrisf Scientist 22 Brown - Mackie School of Business 46 Immanuel Lutheran 23 St. Johns School of Nursing 62 First Presbyterian 24 Phillips 64 St. Johns Lufheran 25 Sacred Heart Grade & Jr. High 66 North Side Church of God 34 Oakdale 67 Church at God in Christ 36 Marymounf College for Women 68 Garden at Prayer Mission 37 Parsons 71 Trinity Nazarene 40 Whittier 73 Grand Avenue Methodist 42 Bartlett 74 Our Lady of Guadalupe 45 Childrens Special Education Center 76 St. Johns Baptist 47 Gleniffer Hill 78 Free Methodist 57 Meadowlark Ridge 91 Allen Chapel 59 South ParK 96 Seventh Day Adventist 60 Franklin 104 First Church of God 63 Salina High 107 United Pentecostal 72 Sunset 113 Quayle Methodist 75 Lowell 116 Pentecostal Church of God 81 Heusner 121 Wesleyan Methodist 89 Kansas Wesleyan University 125 Fi rst Church of the Nazarene 94 Hageman 130 First Southern Baptist 97 St. Marys Grade 132 Rolling Hills Congregational 99 Sacred Heart High 133 Kingdom Hall, Jehovah's Witnesses 101 South Junior High 136 Reorganized Church of Jesus Christ of L. D. S. 102 John F. Kennedy 137 Trinity Lutheran 103 Grace E. Stewart ]39 Grace Baptist Temple 105 Key Acres 144 First Baptist 108 Schilling Manor 145 Church of Jesus Christ of L. D. S. 109 Church at Christ 114 PUBLIC Sunrise PreSbyterian 118 Village Missionary 119 Fire Dept. #1 1 Bel-Air Southern Baptist ]22 Kansas State Employment Office 2 Church of the Cross Evangelical United Brethern 124 City Hall 4 University Methodist 126 Pol ice Dept. 7 Fi rst Covenant 127 Public Library 12 Pilgrim Holiness 128 U. S. Post Office 13 Rose of Sharon Assembly of God 129 Water Treafment Plant 28 St. Mary, Queen of the Universe 131 Kansas State Highway Commission 38 Church of the Incarnation Episcopal 134 Kansas Highway Patrol 39 Salina Bible 138 Sewage Treatment Plant 43 Soufhern Bethel Baptist 140 Carver Recreation Center 50 Christ the King Lutheran 141 Welfare Office 53 Belmont Blvd. Christian 142 County Jail 54 Redeemer Lutheran 143 County Court House 55 Schilling AFB Chapel 146 Memoriaf Hall 56 Trinity Methodist 150 Utilities, Refuse & Street Dept. 61 Government Offices 77 CLU BS Smoky Hill Historical Museum 82 V.F.W. 3 Park Dept. 83 Eagles 5 Municipal Swimming Pool 86 U. S. O. 6 Agricultural Hall 87 Elks 10 4.H Club Building 88 Y.M.C.A. 11 National Guard Armory 93 Chamber of Commerce 14 County Yards 95 Y. W.C.A. 16 Agriculture Stabilization & Conservation 98 American Legion 18 Soil Conservation Service 100 Masons 26 Municipal Airport 111 I. O. D. F. 58 Federal Aviation Agency ll2 Knights of Columbus 65 Fire Dept. #2 117 Salina Country Club 69 Army Reserve 123 Moose 92 Elks Country Club 135 PARKS Schilling AFB NCO 147 Schilling AFB Officers 148 Thomas 31 Park 44 MISCELLANEOUS Carver 48 ASbury Hospital 27 Riverside 49 Camp Webster 29 Park 52 Salvation Army Community Center 35 Park 70 St. Francis Boys Home - Administration 51 Oakdale 84 St. Johns Hospital 62 Kenwood 85 Mt. Calvary Cemetery 79 Ind ian Rock 90 Gypsum Hill Cemetery 80 Park 106 Roselawn Cemetery 110 Sunset 115 Schilling AFB Hospital 149 Park 120 COMMUNITY FACILITIES ELEMENT "1/1 The citizens of Salina own and operate a wide variety of public facilities. These facilities provide for their basic daily needs and furnish social, cultural, educational and recreational opportunities necessary in a progressive and growing community. Community living, by its very nature, requires that certain common services be provided to insure the safety and well- being of the populace. A listing of public facilities would include such items as: the City Hall, Court House, Memorial Hall, fire and police stations, parks and recreational facilities, sewage collection and treatment system, the Library, the school system, the municipal water system, and the municipal airport, to name but a few. Each of these facilities provides a necessary " service" to the people of the community. Quite obviously these services must grow with the City and, for that reason, they are vital considerations in a planning program. As a first step in the study of community services or facilities, an inventory of what already exists and an evaluation with respect to adequacy, condition, capacity and expected life was accomplished. i.. This inventory and evaluation process must be completd so that the information may be used in the development of the City Plan for the future. Since a large share of the local tax dollar is allocated for the development and maintenance of these many community facilities, it is important I to plan the additions, extensions, and improvements to t~ese services as carefully as is po\sible,. I SCHOOLS _ The interdependence of schools and planning is not always recognized. This close relationship was taken into account in the determination of Salina neighborhoods and by use of elementary school- centered neighborhoods in the projection of future growth of the community. Whi.1e the Board of Education and Superintendent of Schools have the direct responsibility for the school system, it is essential that the Plan include this vital public service as an integral part of the development analysis and forecast. Growth and changing land use characteristics will result in changes in neighborhood school boundaries. Obsolescence ofbuildings will prompt abandonment, relocation, or reconstruction of certain schools which will result in changes in neighborhood boundaries. It is intended that the Plan be of particular interest and value to the school authorities in their planning and site selection processes. The school authorities can, in turn, influence the growth and stability of neighborhoods for the benefit of the whole community. The excellence of the Salina Public School sys tern is evidenced by its physical plant, the caliber of its staff, the quality of administration and by the scholastic records of its students. The Salina Senior H. S. has ranked highest in the State in State Scholarship in ten of the last eleven years. I I I I I I I I I I I I. I. I I I I I I I I I I ,I I I I I I I GROWTH ... Enrollment in the public school system has been increasing at a rate nearly 2 1/3 times faster than the total population of the City. In 1950, the total enrollment was slightly less than 4,500 and is expected to reach 11,000 in the 1964 - 65 term. It is a credi t to school au thori ties, and to the taxpayers of the City, that this rapid growth has been matched in physical plant and in staff. Large expendi tures have been made and the funds have been used with judgement and with foresight. The accompanying graphs illustrate the growth in public school enrollment, the projected 1964 - 65 enrollmentfigures and the capacities of the present system. The graphs indicate that, despite the crash program of new construction undertaken in the past five or six years, the total capacity of the elementary schools is only 750 above the projected enrollment for the fall of 1964 - 65. This is not a true analysis since the total capacity of the grade schools will be reduced by approximately 500 with the closing of the Phillips and South Park Schools because of obsolescence and poor structural conditions. Each school must be considered individually, since distance - from - home is the governing factor. Shifting of school boundaries can only partially, and often only temporarily, relieve overcrowded conditions. The apparent extra capacity in the Franklin - Lowell school neighborhood is designed to handle some of the pupils now attending South Park. Similar transfers of South Park and Phillips children will be made to Whittier and Bartlett. Bartlett, representing the smallest neighborhood, had the smallest enrollment (149) in 1963. The high enrollment at the Schilling Manor School is indicative of the relative importance of this unit in the system. Hageman is expected to exceed design capacity next year and the new Kennedy School will reach capacity in the second year of its operation. Situations of this nature are foreseen by the school authorities, and met by the use of detached " cottages" for interim periods. If the increase is expected to be temporary, the "cottage" plan is an adequate and economical solution. The schools serving growing neigh- borhoods are built in increments; a procedure made possible by building designs that lend themselves to expansion. The total enrollment at the two junior high schools reached a high of 2,133 in 1961, dropped to 1,933 in 1963, and is expected to again begin climbing in 1964 - 65. The capacity of the two units is considered to be 2,200 and itis expected that that point will be reached within the next two or three school years. Senior High School enrollment has been increasing yearly; except for small decreases in 1951 and 1960. The capacity of the school, considered to be 1,800, will be exceeded in the next term on the basis of the latest projections. 63 PUBLIC SCHOOL ENROLLMENT 196~ GRADE SCHOOL CAPACITY - 7920 . ............ ............ ......... ... I . . . . . . ~~ ~~ ~ GRADE SCHOOL ENROLLMENT ~~ ~~ ..' ~; ;; ;; ;; ~~ ,,' ,,~ ;' ~~ ~~ ~ 1964 JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL CAPACITY - 2200 1964 SENtOR HIGH SCHOOL CAPACITY - 1800 .. . 1111I11I111111I11I11I11I1111I11I1 11I1111I111111I11 II 11I11I111II1I1I111!~!!l1 , tI"1111 JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL - ~HIGH SCHOOL ............ ENROLLMENT ENROL ~~.~~:.......' .... - ........... , ............................. ,... 1952 1956 1960 1963 Source; Salina Board of Education 64 I STANDARDS .,. All of the recently constructed school system units have been planned in general conformance I with the following standards. These standards, developed by educational authorities, have been widely accepted by both school and community planners. I ELEMENTARY JUNIOR H. S. SENIOR H. S. GRADES K -6 7-9 10- 12 ENROLLMENT 200 to 600 700 to 1500 1000 to 2000 SERVICE RADIUS Y2 to % mile 1 Y2 miles 2 miles SITE SIZE 5 acres plus 15 acres plus 30 acres plus 1 acre per 100 1 acre per 100 1 acre per 100 BUILDING pupils pupils pupils COVERAGE 3 acres 5 acres 10 acres STREET ACCESS Collector Streets Major Streets Major Thorofares 8000 I I I I 7000 I ELEMENTARY SCHOOL ENROLLMENT I 6000 1000 5000 I 4000 I I 700 I 3000 2000 I I 1000 I 1964 I 200 Source; Salina Board of Education I I I II I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I Because of the importance of playgrounds to every neigh- borhood, school grounds should be considered as integral parts of the park and playground system of the community. Many cities, in recognition of their importance, have participated in the procurement of school sites for the express purpose of developing portions of them as additions to the recreational facilities of the City. Joint usage of these areas results in considerable saving to the taxpayer. PROJECTED GROWTH... The 1985 land use projections for each of the existing 15 community neighborhoods and for eight new neighborhoods forecast population increases that will require additional school facilities. The Gleniffer Hill, Meadow Lark, Kennedy, Stewart, and Key Acres elementary schools will each need additional classrooms. At least four new elementary schools will be constructed in the next twenty years. These units will be located in neighborhoods E-1, E-2, S-l, and S-2. The 1985 populations in the other four new neighborhoods may not necessitate n~w grade' schools by 1985 but the need will be increasing. South Junior High, with a capacity of 1000 students, is expected to reach capacity within the next three to five years. North Junior High is already operating at capacity. Expansion of South Junior H. S. is possible but, because of a serious lack of space, additions to North Junior High are not feasible. If the forecasted growth of the City does materialize, two new junior high schools will be required by 1985; one in either neighborhood S - 3 or S - 4, and the other in neighborhood E - 2. The rapidity of growth in southern and eastern directions will determine which of these two new units will be required first. The Senior High School will reach rated capacity in the next school term. The construction of additional facilities is inevitable. The time schedule for this major undertaking will be affected by the proposed vocational school which is expected to be in operation in two or three years. If constructed on the Senior H. S. site, it would defer the need for additional capacity for the high school itself through release of classroom space. The students transferring to the vocational curriculum would make room for additional regular curriculum enrollment. However, within the next seven to ten years, a new senior high school will become a necessi ty. On the basis of the projected physical growth pattern the location for this school will quite likely be in either neighborhoods S - 3 or S - 4. The public school enrollment is expected to increase 65 % and to total approximately 18,000 in 1985. This forecasted growth in enrollment may be compared to the increase of approximately 75 % in total population; a reflection of the trend of slightly decreasing birthrates. PAROCHIAL SCHOOLS... Enrollment in the elementary and secondary parochial schools has also been increasing steadily. In total they represent approximately 14 percent of the public school enrollment; a major consideration in an analysis of community schools. Enrollment in the St. Mary's and Sacred Heart grade schools totals 900 and there are 570 students in the Sacred Heart Junior and Senior High Schools. In forecasting public school needs, it was considered that the parochial units would continue to play the same role as they have in recent years. RURAL SCHOOLS. . . Two elementary rural school districts are already experiencing the problems brought about by expansion of the City. Parsons School, enrollment 50, is in new neighborhood E - 2. This district will soon become a part of the City system and the Parsons school building will serve that growing area for a number of years. Stimmel School,' at the north edge of the Ci ty, (enrollment 69) is equally vulnerable to the forces of growth. This school is also expected to be absorbed by the City system in the planning period. The other rural schools in the planning area, Happy Corner (86), Schippel (11), New Cambria (37) and Mentor (32) are outside the limits of the forecasted growth of the City. If any or all of these four schools are consolidated with the City system, the effect will not be serious. PRIV ATE SCHOOLS .., In addition to the twenty public schools and four parochial schools, Salina is the home of six excellent private schools. Kansas Wesleyan University and Marymount College are accredited 4-year colleges and both offer adult educational programs. K W U, with an enrollment of 600, is co-educational; Marymount College for Women has an enrollment of 500. The future for these two colleges is expected to include increasing enrollments and modest building programs. Salina is also the home of St. John's Military School for Boys, enrollment 200; two Schools of Nursing operated in conjunction with St. John's and Asbury Hospitals, total enrollment 100; and the Brown - Mackie School of Business with an enrollment of 300. 65 66 I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I PUBLIC BUILDINGS I The various activities carried on by the City and County governments in providing essential public services require a number of different kinds of buildings within the community. These buildings are constructed and operated by the local city government, the School Board, the Library Board and county and federal government agencies; built to house a variety of services which require varying and specialized space requirements. The list of buildings may include a city hall, library, court house, fire station, a maintenance garage, post office, museum, art gallery, school building, a neighborhood recreation building and many others. I I I I The agencies responsible for providing the various public services are responsible for location, size and kind of buildings to suit particular requirements and for the conduct of their governmental functions. Many of these agencies, or operating departments, are controlled by the legislative body. I I The planning commission, in any city, can perform a valuable community service by assuring that the location and size of public buildings will fit harmoniously into the community master plan and be adequate in size to meet future demands for services. The Kansas State Statutes provide planning commissions with some authority in the location of public buildings and other improvements in first class cities in Kansas. I I I I "73 - 770. Same; improvements required to be approved by city planning commission. Whenever the planning commission shall have adopted and certified the master plan of the municipality or of one or more maior sections or districts thereoF, then and henceforth no improvements of a type embraced within the recommendations of the master plan or portion thereof shall be constructed without the proposed plans of improvement thereof first being submitted to the planning commission for their study and report. If the planning commission does not make a report within thirty days, the project shall be deemed to have been approved by the planning commis- s ion: Provided, In case of disapproval the planning commission shall submit forthwith in writing the cause of such disapproval to the governing body sponsoring the improvement, and such governing body may, by a recorded vote of two-thirds maiori ty of its membersh ip overrule the disapproval of the planning commission. (7947, Ch. 7393; June 30.)" I I I I I The location of any public building should begin with a stl!dy of the need, function and service to be performed within the building. A second consideration is the inter- relationship of the activity of the agency with that of the public and with other public and private agencies. These and other considerations will allow comparison of various sites and evaluation of site location with respect to the community as a whole. Public buildings may be placed in either of two groups with respect to location. Those that serve the whole community and must have a central location, and those that serve parts of the community and provide a service which parallels the particular need of smaller areas of the community. The first group of buildings which are centrally located are the city hall, court house, or a municipal auditorium. The second group are neighborhood oriented, such as; an elementary school, a recreation building or a fire station. Neighborhood oriented buildings are not nearly as difficult to locate as those of the centrally located group because they are usually located in areas where development is occurring, and more land is available, and where some selectivity can be exercised in locating the site. This is not true with buildings which serve a major government function and must be located in or near the Central Business District where site selection is often limited. This often forces either dispersed locations or grau ping of buildings in a civic center. An advantage of dispersed locations for public buildings is the relative ease of finding a site, which will be suitable for the particular function to be housed, within the congested areas common to the Central Business District. Another advantage is that each agency can act independently in locating, financing and constructing its own building; however, there are ins tances where this does not work to the advantage of the city government, and the public as a whole. Dispersed sites are not as likely to block business expansion in the Central Business District as would a grouping of government buildings if they were improperly located. 67 There are several disadvantages to dispersed locations where major government activities are housed separately. The necessary day - to - day contact between public officials cannot occur without travel being involved. There is considerable disadvantage in the conduct of public business since people must go to more than one building, often on one item of business. This contributes to traffic congestion and parking problems. The grouping of related governmental buildings in a central location is termed a "Civic Center". Arranging public buildings in this manner has a number of advantages for the public and public officials. The greater convenience afforded in transacting business is perhaps the major advantage. Responsible public officials can confer with greater ease and efficiency in the conduct of daily business. The shortage of parking space, often inherent with dispersed building locations, can be solved by assuring that provision of ample parking space becomes an integral part of the site for locating a civic center. The arrangement and design of a civic building complex can become a focal point for community activities, provide a sense of community pride and give new emphasis to the importance of good government. The center should be centrally located and be readily accessible by automobile and public transportation. A logical first step in determining public building needs is to prepare an analysis of present structures, their space requirements, and a study of the amount of contact that is necessary between the related governmental agencies and departments and between the general public and the various offices. CITY HALL ... The City Hall, located at Fifth and Ash, 'was constructed in 1911. The 53 year old structure has masonry - bearing walls with wood joists spanning from the outside walls to the center corridor walls. The electrical system, adequate for conditions that existed fifty years ago, is both deteriorated and inadequate. The electrical demand created by modern and increased numbers of office equipment and devices, by the numerous window unit air conditioners, and by increased lighting has seriously overloaded exis ting wiring and circuits. 68 I Functionally, the City Hall can be described as obsolete. As a relative term" obsolescent", is defined as "tending to become out-of-date". A city hall approaches obsoles- cence when it becomes too small, inefficient, or otherwise incapable of serving the demands of a growing community. I I Examples of functional obsolescence are; inefficient office layouts, high noise levels created by bookkeeping and other office machines, congestion, poor lighting, shortage of fireproof vault and file space, lack of flexibility, inadequate toilet facilities, absence of a central air conditioning system, insufficient employee parking, and inefficient heating and cooling because of high ceilings and large window areas. These items of functional obsolescence are often overwhelming in office buildings over 40 years old even though the physical depreciation is but very little. I I I I The present City Hall site provides little room for expansion, is some distance from other government build- ings and is located in an area which is in transition from commercial to industrial related activities. I The following departments are housed in the City Hall and have need for additional space but cannot expand due to the inflexibility of the existing building: I I Water Department Engineering Planning Clerk and Treasurer Manager City Commission Building Inspection City Court Clerk of the City Court Board of Education I I I The following tabulation indicates existing space and estimated future space requirements: Existing Area Usable office area Walls, circulation and utility space Total Building Area Additional space needed now Usable office area Walls, circulation & utility spaces Total Future additional space Usa ble office area Walls, circulation and utility spaces Total Sq. Ft. 9,890 6,410 16,300 I I 17,500 8,750 26,250 I I 12,200 6,100 18,300 I I I I The following table indicates public use of the City Hall and the departments which generate the most public patronage: I PUBLIC USE-CITY DEPARTMENTS I NUMBER OF DEPARTMENT DAILY VISITORS FLOOR VISITED MIN. MAX. 1ST 2ND CLERK & TREASURER 50 1000 + x WATER 125 550 + x H EA L T H 400 X POLICE 150 350 X COMMISSIONERS 100 X CITY MANAGER 25 + x CITY ENGINEER 25 + x CITY PLANNING less than 25 X DIRECTOR OF UTILITIES less than 25 X I I I I The City Court, Civil Defense, and Board of Education patronage is not shown because of difficulty of determining use accurately. I I POLICE STATION ... The Police Station is located on the same site as the City Hall and occupies the building which, until 1951, was the main fire station. This conver- sion of use, made possible by the construction of the new Central Fire Station at Seventh and Elm, permitted expansion of other city hall offices in the areas vacated by the Police Department. The building, constructed in 1917, is separated from the City Hall by a small structure housing the jail cells and a covered drive. I I I The Police Station has the following amount of space: I I Police Station Cell Block Total 9,600 Sq. Ft. 900 Sq. Ft. 10,500 Sq. Ft. Estimated additional space needs - 3,500 Sq. Ft. I The lack of space in the existing building hinders a functional arrangement of space and equipment to serve present needs. The existing building has no fireproof storage for police records. I I I HEAL TH DEPARTMENT '" The present offices of the Health Department are housed in the Washington School Building, located at Second and Mulberry. There is presently 1,530 square feet of available space. The department requires an additional 1,200 square feet of space. The present location is not advantageous for efficient operation. The considerable amount of traffic between other City and County Departments suggests that its future location be in closer proximity to these offices. PUBLIC LIBRARY .., The Salina Public Library was constructed in 1903 with funds received from an Andrew Carnegie Grant. It is located two blocks west of the core of the Central Business District, on the southwest corner of Iron Avenue and Eighth Street. The structure was enlarged in 1928 to 14,000 square feet, its present size. The building provides about one-half the space required for a city of 40,000 persons. It is ironic that during the 36 year period since the last and only major library expansion, that the City has increased over 100 % in population, added several million dollars in capital expenditures, yet it has not seen fit to make more than minor improvements to its majo~ cultural asset, the Public Library. The 61 year old structure is older than the City Hall, Police Station and the County Court House. The number of book titles was 71,734 in 1962 and 78,069 in 1963. About 6,509 titles were added in 1963 and 7,000 are estimated to be added in 1964. The library, currently, adds as many titles annually as does the Denver Public Library. The circulation decreased from 218,377 volumes in 1962 to 210,372 volumes in 1963 while total city population decreased about 2,400 during the same period. Registered borrowers increased during these same two years from 6,514 to 6,738. The yearly circulation of five books per capita is four books short of the nine books per capita recommended by the Volume, Seating, and Circulation formula of the National Library Association. The present library site does not provide ample space for a new library, however, its location with respect to the Central Business District is highly desirable. A new library, according to recognized library standards, should provide about 40,000 square feet of usable space. Ample parking space should be provided on-site, or a location should be selected to utilize space in an adjacent public parking lot. 69 FIRE STATIONS... There are two fire stations in Salina. The Central Fire Station is located at the corner of Seventh and Elm and a second station is located at South Santa Fe and Minneapolis Avenues. The Salina Fire Department is classified as a 5th class department by the Kansas Inspection Bureau and has the following pieces of fire equipment: one aerial ladder truck with 750 gp m pump and 1,500 feet of hose, one 1,000 gpm pump truck with 1,800 feet of hose, two 500 g p m pump trucks each with 2,000 feet of hose, one 750 g P m pump truck with 2,000 feet of hose, one 1,300 g pm pump truck, one Squad Wagon with 300 g pm pump used for grass fires and county calls, one hose wagon, one auxilliary pumper, and two station wagons. In addition to the above pieces of fire equipment, the department has portable electric generators, portable pump, high pressure air compressor and many other items of emergency equipment. From 1938 to 1963 there was $ 2,539,873 in fire loss and during this period the department made 12,332 runs. The largest fire loss occurred in 1959 and amounted to $419,829. The main fire station has a coverage area extending 2 Y2 miles in any direction from its location near the Central Business District; including all of the high - value dis trict and approximately % of the developed area of the City. Fire Station Number 2 serves as a back - up for. the Central Station and also has a coverage area of nearly % of the en tire City. As the City grows to the south and east, the need is being created for two additional stations to maintain the current level of service and protection in these new areas. A third station may soon be needed near the interchange of Interstate 70 and US - 81 as continued commercial development occurs in this area. Fire runs to service this northern area are made from the Central Station and, if Ninth Street and Santa Fe Avenue are blocked by trains, equipment would have to be routed via North Broadway, increasing the length and time of the run and decreasing the standard of service provided. 70 I COUNTY COURT HOUSE ... The Saline County Court House, located at Ash and Ninth Streets, was constructed in 1910. The following is an inventory of existing and estimated space requirements for the departments housed: I I ADDITIONAL FUTURE I EXISTING SPACE ADDITIONAL DEPARTMENT SPACE NEEDED NOW SPACE DISTRICT COURTS 3900 1300 5000 I TREASURER & VEHICLE 1600 700 PROBATE JUDGE 1500 1200 2700 CLERK OF DIST. COURT 1330 1500 1400 I REGISTER OF DEEDS 1020 700 600 COUNTY ENGINEER 960 300 300 COUNTY CLERK 900 200 300 WEED CONTROL 880 I COUNTY SUPERINTENDENT OF SCHOOLS 480 100 COMMISSIONERS 450 200 I ASSESSOR 430 100 200 PHOTOSTAT 420 CORONER * 300 WELFARE * 3600 900 I COUNTY ATTORNEY * 200 TOTALS (SQUARE FEET) 13770 10400 11400 I * Departments located in other bui Idings, which should probably be located in Court House. I The following is an analysis of public patronage of the Court House and an indication of the departments which generate most public patronage: I PUBLIC USE-COUNTY DEPARTMENTS I DEPARTMENT NUMBER OF DAILY VISITORS FLOOR VISITED I MIN. MAX. 1ST 2N D 3RD 50 700 X less than 50 500 X I les s than 50 150 + X les s than 50 100 X 100 X I 50 X 50 X less than 50 X I les s than 50 X les s than 50 X less than 50 X I I VEHICLE TREASURER CLERK OF COURT PROBATE JUDGE COUNTY CLERK WELFARE COMMISSIONERS REGISTER OF DEEDS WEED COUNTY SUPERINTENDENT COUNTY ENGINEER r. I I I The foregoing analysis indicates that most County Depart- ments now housed in the Court House are in need of additional space. The study of public use of the building indicates that the second floor of the Court House receives the greatest amount of public use and that future office space for these activities should have a first floor location or that elevators be provided. A number of county offices are located outside of the Court House; Coroner, Welfare, County Attorney and the County Agricultural Extension Council offices. The County Coroner now operates from his private place of business. There is no storage space available for records, evidence, or personal effects of the deceased. Borrowed space for these purposes is now used; scattered in various locations about town. A room for holding inquests is needed, but is not now available. In January 1965, State Law will require the Coroner to be a Pathologist. The new law will be administered on a four county basis. I I I I I The County Welfare Department is in a separate building located across the street from the Court House. The location is not a particular disadvantage and, in fact, may be of some advantage in that it affords a degree of privacy and confidential treatment to Welfare clients visiting the office. The present activities of the Department are divided between two floors. Efficiency would be improved if the entire department were on one floor. The existing building is not suited to flexibility of use or changes in arrangement. The Department needs flexible and expandable space. The following is an indication of existing and future space requirements: I I I I Gross Area of Existing Building Estimated Office Area Additional Office Space Required 4,200 Sq. Ft. 3,400 Sq. Ft. 200 Sq. Ft. I I The offices of the County Extension Agent are now located in the Post Office Building on the second floor. It is important that they be located close to the Soil Conservation Service, the Farmers Home Administration and the Agricul- tural Stabilization Conservation Service. They are presently located in close proximity to all agencies except the latter. The" Extension Service" is a County-funded organization. The other agencies are operated with United States Government funds. I I I I It is anticipated that within five to ten years, the Post Office, or the other Federal offices will need space, and the" Extension Office" and, later on, the other Agricultural agencies will have to move. At such time it would be desirable for all of the four agencies to be housed in a common building, and, since the "Extension Office" is a County- funded operation, it would perhaps be desirable to locate it within a government building c:omplex. CIVIL DEFENSE OFFICES. .. The offices of Civil Defense are located in the Memorial Hall Building. The operation of this office is a joint City and County function. The Department is presently short of office and storage space. The activities of this department will probably vary in future years and will need space that will allow considerable flexibility in operation. CIVIC CENTER ... The foregoing information indicates that many of the government buildings of the City of Salina and of Saline County are obsolescent and lack adequate space for efficient conduct of government business. The scattered locations of these buildings contributes to inefficiency and to the lack of convenience for the public and for government officials in transacting daily business and operating the various City and County departments. It is obvious that both government agencies will soon have to rebuild and expand existing buildings or acquire sites and cons truct new buildings. A government building center is recommended as the most desirable solution to this problem. The construction of a CIVIC center is not a new proposal. The 1951 City Plan and the 1955 Planning Report strongly recommended a governmental building complex. The "Interim Community Facilities Planning Report" of July, 1963, prepared as a part of the current planning program, recommended a joint City Hall- Court House and suggested the need for a complete study of all governmental building needs. A three phase report was authorized by City and County as a result of this suggestion and a detailed study entitled "A Governmental Center for Saline County and Salina, Kansas" was delivered in May, 1964; excerpts from Phase III are included as an Appendix which follows Section 3 of this City Plan. 71 PARKS AND RECREATION The purpose ofthis part of the Salina City Plan is to analyze the adequacy of the park system and to prepare a plan to be used as a general guide in developing future parks and recreation areas in the next twenty years. A park system does not lend itself to ready analysis from a quantitative standpoint. Standards are changing to meet increasing recreation demands and varying activities of a population that has more leisure time than ever before and seeks both passive and strenuous recreation activities. A first step in developing a recreation plan and program is an inventory of all existing recreation and park facilities; second, establish specific standards for these facilities; third, relate standards to existing facilities and determine the adequacy or deficiencies of the existing park and recreation system and; fourth, formulate a plan and program to serve the expected population growth for the planning period. The plan will indicate the size, location, and general function of the proposed facilities. It is indicative that a recreation program should be broad in scope providing places where people may meet face to face, enjoy leisure activities, engage in strenuous sports or sit and contemplate nature. Recreation is multi-faceted; to one individual it may mean sitting on a park bench reading a newspaper, to others; bowling, a drive on a well-designed highway, a visit to a commercial recreation center, playing baseball, a walk through the park, painting a picture, building a model, conversation or any number of activities giving a sense of accomplishment or a feeling of well- being to the indi vidual participant. The demand for recreation space brought on by increasing incomes, greater mobility and more leisure time has severely burdened park and recreation facilities.' Paralleling this demand is the greater amount of land being devoted to other urban purposes which has continually diminished available open space. Rising land costs have further slowed the development of new parks. 72 --, I STANDARDS ... Certain general standards apply to all recreation areas. Parks and recreation areas should be designed to accommodate a varying range of acti vities suited to different age groups. Where it is possible, intense activity areas and passive areas should be separate units; however, this is not always possible and economic use of land and the existing configuration of urban development may dictate that. they be combined on one site. I I I I The park or recreation site should be readily accessible to the user. The age of the user will generally determine the service radius of a park or playground. A radius of one-half mile has been generally accepted as the service area for a neighborhood park or playground. This places the facility within easy walking distance for younger children and older adults. The service area will usually encompass one neighborhood. The park or play area should be sufficient in size to accommodate the recreational needs of the population to be served, and influenced by the density of the development. The service area varies with the kind of park and the intensity of use. The standard service area for a large park or athletic field might be within easy reach by public transportation or by private automobile while that of a play -lot may be one-quarter mile walking distance. I I I I I Various published standards 1 indicate the acceptable standard for various types of parks and recreation areas. A discussion of these kinds of facilities is presented to provide insight into the complexity and diversity of a desirable park system. I I PLA YGROUND ... Age group from 5 to 15 years. Facilities: open space for informal play, space for tennis, softball, hand ball and volley ball. Areas for older persons should provide for games such as bowling, croquet, horseshoe and shuffleboard. The list of facilities is not all inc1usiv~ and should be varied to suit the neighborhood requirements. I I I I 7 Planning the Neighborhood, the American Public Health Asso- ciation Committee on the Hygiene of Housing, 1960. Local Planning Administration, 3 rd Edition, 7959, The International City Managers' Association. I I I I II I I I I The size of a playground may range from three to seven acres depending on the neighborhood density. A desirable minimum is five acres. The playground location should be as near the center of a neighborhood as possible and preferably, adjacent to or a part of an elementary school grounds. Travel distance should be one-quarter to one-half mile, depending on the neighborhood density. It should serve a population of 3,000 ,to 4,000. Landscaped buffers and night -lighting should be provided. I NEIGHBORHOOD PARK... The function of the neighbor- hood park is to provide open landscaped areas for passive recreation. A great deal of emphasis should be placed on the design and use of architectural and plant material. Facilities which are essential to this kind of park include open lawn areas, shrubbery, trees, benches, walks, flower beds, pools and sitting areas. Picnic facilities and play areas may be provided depending on the park size. I I I I I ,I This kind of park serves all age groups and should be located near the center of the neighborhood; serving from 4,000 to 7,000 persons. Its size should not be smaller than 2 Y2 acres. Five to seven acres is desirable, however, this will vary depending on the density of population. In low density areas, one of these parks may serve two or more neighborhoods. Ideal travel distance should be maintained at one-half mile. The neighborhood park, playground and elementary school site can often be combined, advantageously, in new areas to be developed or early in the development stages. In these areas it is important to reserve appropriate amounts of land for park and recreation functions. Other than by outright purchase, the legal mechanics of acquiring such areas are less than desirable from the public viewpoint. I I I A THLETIC FIELD '" The functions of this facility is to provide a place for field games involving larger groups of people; in a sense it is a sports field. Space must be provided for field games such as baseball, softball, football, field hockey, soccer, volley ball, and for tennis, archery, shuffleboard, horseshoe, bowling and croquet. I I I I This facility may also include a swimming pool, outdoor theater and a band shell. Ample seating capacity and parking space must be provided. The area should be well lighted for nighttime use. Landscaped buffers should be arranged to reduce noise and light glare. Space for picnicking may be desirable. The athletic field accommodates age groups from 15 years through older adults, or the entire family group. The size may vary from 12 to 25 acres. Travel distance for this facility should not be greater than twenty minutes by public transportation and it should serve a population of 15,000 to 20,000 persons. RECREATION CENTER ... The recreation center is a facility located in a junior or senior high school; providing space for art and craft shops, club rooms, classrooms and meeting rooms. These are multi-purpose centers and provide the necessary flexibility in the overall recreation program. If space for the recreation center cannot be provided in a public building, such as a school, a separate structure should be constructed to house these activities. When a separate building is necessary, it should be located in a park or, preferably, a playground. It might also be con- structed on an elementary school site and serve as a multi-purpose room for the school. One of these centers will serve approximately five neigh- borhoods, or about 20,000 persons. Travel to the center ranges from one-half to one mile and within twenty minutes travel distance by public transportation. LARGE PARKS ... The function of the large park is to provide the urbanite a place to come in contact with natural surroundings. This kind of park should be located to take advantage of topography, woods, streams and other natural features. It should be flexible; providing facilities for all age groups. There should be space for picnicking, boating, swimming, winter sports, day camps, bridle paths and areas for active play. Some large parks may contain a zoo or botan ical garden. Roadways should be held to a minimum. The area for this kind of park is 100 or more acres. In an effort to preserve smaller natural areas and to incorporate them into a park system, smaller acreages may be desirable. A large park will serve 40,000 or more people; dependent upon the extent that other recreation area is provided in the form of golf courses and similar open space. The location should be within a distance of 30 to 60 minutes by public transporta tion. 73 RESERV ATIONS ... The standard for this type of open space is extremely flexible. These areas are usually owned by a government agency. It is important that these areas be kept in a natural state. Their function is to preserve some outstanding natural feature such as vegetation, terrain, streams or lakes. Nature study, overnight camping, and fishing are activities that may be accommodated. The reserve may contain several thousand acres and is usually outside the urban area. Regardless of size, a reserve may be established to preserve, protect and maintain existing natural areas in or around a community. The golf course is treated as a special recreation area. Normally in the smaller communities, the golf course has been developed by a private organization. The increasing popularity of the sport has created a demand for municipally owned facilities. A minimum size, nine - hole course can be developed on 50 to 90 acres of land. A desirable size for an 18 - hole course is 160 to 180 acres. The complexity and design of a golf course is such that it must be the subject of special study before a location is chosen. SALINA PARK SYSTEM. . . The City of Salina park system began developing in 1900. The first park, Oakdale, was donated to Saline County by the J. R. Geis estate. The City acquired two additional parks in the 1920's; Sunset Park, donated by the Anderson Realty Company and Kenwood Park which was purchased by the City. Thomas Park was purchased about 1938 from the St. John's Military Academy. These parks were not extensively improved until 1934 when the City and the Public Works Administration (W. P. A. ) undertook a joint improvement program. In carrying out the program, landscape plans were prepared for the parks and plantings made. The results of this program are evident when one views the outstanding ornamental gardens, trees, and shrub plantings in Sunset and Oakdale Parks. Indian Rock Park is the most recent addition to the park system; purchased about 1956. A part of this park is within the floodway of the Smoky Hill River. Other than a concrete drive, no extensive improvement has been made by the City. A shelter house is being constructed by the Junior Chamber of Commerce and, when completed, this improvement will be donated to the City. I I I I I I I I II I I I The Park Department is responsible for the operation and maintenance of the park system. A superintendent, six permanent employees and eight summer employees conduct the necessary maintenance, gardening and repair work. The annual budget for maintenance of the system is $ 60,000. Responsibility for acquisition, development, regulating use of, and directing park operations rests with the City Commission and its administrator, the City Manager. The City Commission has authority to accept gifts or dedications of land for park purposes. I II I I The Salina City Plan of 1951 proposed that the City should ultimately have 568 acres of parks. The plan proposed several neighborhood parks located to serve the entire City, and a large park which extended east from Kenwood Park to the Smoky Hill River, between Greely and Crawford A venues. Indian Rock Park is a part of this proposal. The extension of Sunset Park to the south, which has been completed, was also proposed in this plan. The plan proposed an adequate park system but the rapid growth of the past decade has depleted available land making it impossible to complete the park system that was proposed. I I I I I I I I I I I The park system presently consists of 310 acres of land in 12 parcels ranging in size from one acre to 130 acres. The majority of the park acreage is concentrated in three large parks; Oakdale, Kenwood, and Indian Rock which are centrally located within the City. Their close proximity to each other constitutes a relatively poor distribution of park land with respect to the population served. However, since these parks are located to take advantage of a number of natural features, are easily accessible, and are intensively used, the disadvantages of their location with respect to population served are more than offset. Sunset Park, located in the southwest park of the City, most nearly attains the standards of a neighborhood park and playground. This park contains 25.8 acres. It includes ornamental areas, picnic areas, tennis courts and lighted ball diamonds. There are 4,500 persons living within a one - mile service area from this park, or 170 persons per acre of park; an extremely low ratio of park land to population served. This outstanding park is an asset to the City as well as to the neighborhood. Ij' The seven miles of the Smoky Hill River which loop through the City has considerable potential for water - oriented recreation use. The stream, which was cut off by the floodway, runs from a new inlet in Indian Rock Park through Kenwood and Oakdale Parks swinging in a wide arc to the north and east where it rejoins the floodway near the Country Club. The river is a major source of water for the City. Since construction of the floodway and diversion of flood waters, this loop in the river is no longer flushed clean during periods of heavy run - off and silt is being deposited at a rapid rate. The rate of silting could be reduced and the all important water supply improved by dredging the stream and under- taking erosion control measures along its banks throughout the length of the loop. The silt removed would be salable and could be sold to recover part of the improvement cost. The improved and deepened stream bed would provide greater water storage capacity. Stocked with fish it would provide passive recreation for all age groups. Canoeing and row boats would further enhance the recreational potential. There are two parks within the present system that are unimproved. A small park, not named, located at Crawford and Second Street, has 4.1 acres of useable land. There are 4,500 persons within the one - mile service area of this park. A sizeable portion of this population resides in an area of multiple - family dwellings. This park, if improved, would provide for the playground needs of this area. A second unimproved park is located at the east end of Pawnee Street, in the southwest part of the City. It contains approximately two acres and is triangular shaped. One side of the park is bordered by a major arterial street carrying large volumes of traffic, a second side is formed by the rear lot line of a block of houses facing another street. The park is accessible from only one direction and is located at the side of a neighborhood rather than the desired central location with respect to service area. Because of its poor configuration, size, and location it would be difficult to improve this area as a useful park or playground. It would appear that small parks have been acquired when and whenever land became available, either through dedication or by other means. This has resulted in a series of small parks which do not efficiently serve neighborhood needs. 75 The accompanying table is an inventory of the existing parks and facilities. This table lists the acreage, the number and the kinds of facilities found in each park. The table indicates that improvements and facilities are largely concentrated in three parks - Oakdale, Kenwood and Sunset. RECREATION PROGRAM ... The existing recreational facilities provided in the park system, school grounds and other public private buildings are used extensively by the Salina Recreation Commission in conducting a year - round recreation program. The Recreation Commission has five members; two are appointed by the School Board, two by the City Commission and one by the other four members. The Commission was organized in 1947. A full time director is employed to assist in planning and administrating a year -round program for all age groups. The Commission's policy is stated as follows: ii Your Department of Recreation was founded on the basic assumption that every child in America deserves a place to play in safety and that every person, young and old, should have an opportunity for the best and most satisfying use of this expanding leisure time. It shall continue to work toward these ends. " The 1963 budget for conducting the program was $ 59,000 or 0.954 mills; about $1.44 per capita. Attendance records kept for playground and other activities serve to illustrate the success and usefulness of the program. The following tabulation presents data on attendance at various activities in 1962 and 1963. ACTIVITY ATTENDANCE 1962 1963 70,320 91,784 47,333 51,553 61,621 66,230 14,999 15,555 194,273 225,122 PLAYGROUND SPECIAL ACTIVITIES OTHER ACTIVITIES BASEBALL - SOFTBALL TOTALS The overall recreation program includes a wide variety of leisure time activities. They may be classified generally in to these groups - arts and crafts, music, dramatics, and athletics. 76 I INVENTORY OF EXISTING PARKS AND FACiliTIES I I NAME OF PARK 0~ ~~ 0~ ~ ,~ ",' ,,~ 0~ '>~ \. /.0 ~'" ~'" '< 0 0 o ~ ~ I ,~ <?v <?'Q' ,,'" - ~t- ~ ~ 0 v~ /1..' ~ ,~",O 0' ()-..- ~' ~ \."" " THOMAS 15.0 I 18 5 3 PARK (NORTH Be BROADWAY) 1.2 2 CARVER 3.1 I 4 RIVERSIDE 2.1 I 5 PARK (ASH Be BROADWAY) 1.2 3 PARK (COUNTRY CLUB) 1.0 I OAKDALE 45.0 3 85 8 6 KENWOOD 80.0 I 28 5 4 INDIAN ROCK 130.0 I PARK (CRAWFORD Be 2ND ST.) 4.1 SUNSET 25.8 I 60 9 9 3 PARK (EAST END OF PAWNEE 1 1.9 *2500 Seating Capacity. I I The program of winter activities includes: I' TENNIS. MOVIES. SUPERVISED PICNICS. HANDICAPPED CHILDRENS' PROGRAM. CHRISTMAS PROGRAMS. FREE SANTA UNIT RENTAL. SQUARE DANCING. CRAFTS. BASEBALL. JOLLY MIXERS. GOLDEN YEARS CLUB. SCHOOL PLAY DAYS. GUN CLUBS. SCHOOL PLAY DAYS I I The program of summer activities includes: PLAYGROUND. TENNIS. SWIMMING. DAY CAMP. OVER -NIGHT CAMP . PHYSICAL FITNESS TOURNAMENT . MOVIES. HORSESHOE TOURNAMENT . SUPERVISED PARTIES. HANDICAPPED CHILDRENS' . . PROGRAM. SQUARE DANCING. JOLLY MIXERS. GOLDEN YEARS CLUB. BASEBALL. CRAFTS. ARCHERY. FLIGHT MASTERS CLUB I I I I I TENNIS COURTS BALL DIAMONDS PLAY EQUIPMENT '0 Ov / / I 6 ~ ~' '" ~'?- ~I?- '" ~ ~ v <?O ~~ ~~ 6 ~ (, '" ,~ ~'?- , ~ I?- (,~ ,~ ~ , r_'*' <? <? -J I?-'" Q~ Q I?- v'?- <Q'?- Q '" ~ '" ~ Q ,?-V '?-V Ov -l.~ ,Q ,.'" ~'" ~ ~ ~ I?- '" 6 ~I?- ~v 'o~ "Ov I?-'" O~ O~ '?-~I?- ~ '" I?-' 6 I?- -l. I?- ~ ~ ~ '" ,'\.. '\.. <Q Q 6 v ~ .:-.. Q ~ ^-" /. " I?- ' ,~ Q ~" , ~ ~ 0 ~ 'V ,v 0 0 I?- v '?- V ~ ,'?- r. '?- ",'*' ~ 6 ~ ",v ~ ~ (, V) 6 -J I ~Q ~I?- (, ~Q ~I?- <Q ~'?- ~ <Q ~ I?- 6~ ~ ~v ",v v' ~v ~Q ~ 6~ , v I 2 3 I I 2 I 6 6 2 3 2 4 6 5 I * 2 2 3 5 I I 3 4 2 3 3 3 I I I Special programs .... Hootenany, talent shows, assisting other private organizations with programs and assisting in civic functions. I I The Recreation Department has four full-time employees and uses 254 part-time employees; of these 110 are playground officials and 60 are umpires. There are approx- imately 300 volunteers who assist with the program and receive no pay. The Department owns no buildings or grounds but uses City parks, school grounds, and other public and private buildings to conduct its activities. Some equipment is owned by the Department; this includes I I I OTHER FEATURES WOODED AREAS 2 MUSEUM, ORNAMENTAL GARDEN, WOODED AREAS. FAIR GROUNDS, STADIUM, PAVILION, BARNS. SHELTER UNDER CONSTRUCTION, SCENIC VIEW. UNIMPROVED. ORNAMENTAL GARDEN, TREES, SH RU BBERY, PERGO LA. UNIMPROVED. bleachers seating 3,000, a variety of play equipment, basketball goals, backs tops, and box hockey on school areas. Other areas used include 11 lighted baseball and softball areas, several lighted tennis courts and the public swimming pools. The Department issues a Recreation Directory which lists more than sixty activities and organizations which further enhance the recreational outlets in the community. The Recreation Department plans to broaden its scope of activities for gids and women in tennis and swimming. It also plans some development in Indian Rock Park and the construction of an artifical ice rink. 77 PROPOSED PARK PLAN. .. The proposed new parks are shown on the map titled "PLAYGROUND AND PARK PLAN". The plan proposes that approximately 490 acres be added to the existing 310 acre park system. It is an objective of the plan to provide a neighborhood park or playground of sufficient size to serve the population within one-half mile walking distance; or service areas one mile in diameter. The plan indicates the service area of each of the existing parks based on the stated objective. The existing park system would only serve 55,000 of the forecasted population of 72,000, with playgrounds and would only serve 22,000 persons of the forecasted population with a neighborhood park. The plan indicates the present areas that are deficient in recreation space. Presently there is no deficiency in large parks such as Oakdale, Kenwood and Indian Rock. The suggested plan reduces the deficiency in park service by utilizing 43 acres of school playground in the 15 existing neighborhoods, and by the addition of neighborhood parks in the Hawthorne, Sunset and Kennedy School districts. The plan assumes that the sites of South Park and Phillips Elementary Schools will be retained as playgrounds when the schools are abandoned. A park and a playground are proposed for each of the new neighborhoods indicated on the" NEIGHBORHOOD DEVEL- o PMENT PLAN". It is strongly recommended that a park be developed as a part of the elementary school site in each of the new neighborhoods. The joint use of school sites to provide a neighborhood park and a playground reduces the need to duplicate facilities, enhances the school and park as the focal point of the neighborhood and results in economy of land. Neighborhood parks, proposed in the Meadow Lark and the future E -1 Neighborhoods, could utilize land at the ends of the clear zones of the Municipal Airport. In each of the clear zones, the rolling land and drainage courses provide sites for interesting park develop- ment. The plan also proposes a large park, a golf course, nature trails, and the use of airport land and of abandoned sand pits for special recreation areas. A large park is proposed inside a loop formed by the flood control project cut-off of the Smoky Hill River. This particular area, which is located at the east end of Albert Avenue, has previously been proposed as a part of the park development program of the City. The area contains about thirty acres and is partially 78 wooded. It would serve the south half of the City and, when improved, would reduce the extremely heavy use of Oakdale, Sunset, and Kenwood Parks. I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I A part of the Municipal Airport site should be developed for recreational purposes. There are approximately 72 acres of land on the west side of the site that could be utilized without affecting the safe operation of aircraft or public safety. The area is sufficient to develop a nine - hole golf course or an 18 - hole chip - and - putt course. The shape of the available area is rather irregular; however, a skillful layout could provide a good nine - hole course. Additional private land could be purchased to the west of the site, if found advisable, to obtain an effective playing area. The use of the area would meet the growing demand for a public golf course. An additional 160 acres of land has been provided in the plan for a standard 18 - hole golf course. A specific site has not been recommended for this course because the development of the facility is complex enough to warrant a specific site study. Special park areas are provided in the plan to give it flexibility and to assure the public widely diversified recreational facilities. The opportunity for a water oriented facility exists in close proximity to the Salina urban area through use of an abandoned sand pit, or one that will soon be worked out. A site of 80 acres is suggested in the plan. This site is not mapped because some selectivity can be exercised in choice of location. The plan proposes that two trails be developed for hiking, horseback riding, bicycle riding, and nature study. One of these trails is two miles long beginning in the small unnamed park at Second and Crawford and terminating at Cloud Street near St. Mary's Catholic School. The trail would follow a natural drainage course running through neighborhoods in this part of the City. The second trail would begin at Kenwood Park and extend approximately 1 ~ miles east to Indian Rock Park. The trail would utilize the wooded area on the north side of the Smoky Hill River as far east as Ohio Street, there it would continue east, between Elmhurst Boulevard and the Smoky Hill River, to Indian Rock Park. Foot bridges would be necessary to connect each end of the trail with the two parks. This trail would prove ideal for nature study and hiking. Developing the trails may necessitate taking and improving easements across a few parcels of property. I. I A tabulation of the location, size and function of each kind of park in the proposed plan is presented in the following ta ble . I I I I PROPOSED PARK PLAN Location, Size and Function of Park Areas in Acres I TOTAL EXISTING PARKS AND NEIGHBORHOODS PLAYGROUND PARKS PLAYGROUND HAWTHORNE 3.5 0.8 4.3 PHILLIPS 1.30 0.0 1.3 OAKDALE 3.40 0.0 3.4 WHITTIER 1. 70 0.0 1.7 BARLETT 0.70 0.0 0.7 GLENIFFER HI L L 2.50 0.0 2.5 MEADOW LARK 5.10 2.5 7.6 SOUTH PARK 1.70 0.0 1.7 SUNSET 5.00 2.5 7.5 FRANKLIN & LOWELL 1. 90 18.0b 19.9 HUESNER 5.00 4.6b 9.6 HAGEMAN 4.00 7.8 11.8 KENNEDY 5.00 2.5 7.5 STEWART 6.00 3.5 9.5 KEY ACRES 4.3 5.7 10.0 - - - SUBTOTALS 51. 1 47.9 99.0 I I I FUTURE NEIGHBORHOODS E - 1 4.0 2.5 6.5 E - 2 4.0 3.0 7.0 E - 3 3.0 2.0 5.0 E - 4 1.5 1.0 2.5 S - 1 5.0 14.0c 19.0 S - 2 4.0 3.0 7.0 S - 3 2.0 1.0 3.0 S - 4 2.0 1.0 3.0 - SUBTOTALS 25.5 27.5 53.0 I I I SPECIAL AREAS LARGE PARK - NEIGHBORHOOD S - 1 80.0 TRAILS 16.0 GOLF COURSE - 18 - HOLE 160.0 "CHIP & PUTT" - NEIGHBORHOOD E-l 72.0 WATER FACILITY - SAND PIT 80.0 SUBTOTAL - SPECIAL AREAS 408.0 GRAND TOTALS 76.6 75.4 560.0 o Existing School Site b Existing Park Acreage c Three Acres Assigned to Make up Deficiency in Huesner Neighborhood I I The proposed park plan is the basis for a system of parks to be developed in the planning period. Implementation of the plan for playground and parks will require the adoption of the Park Plan as part of the Comprehensive City Plan and establishment of policies which will favor such implementation. City officials and the School Board should seek areas in which they can most effectively cooperate to provide adequately sized combination neighborhood park and school sites. These governmental bodies should institute methods for joint acquisition, improvement and maintenance of such areas. . The City should use the Comprehensive Plan as its guide in approving the subdivision of land; and adopt policies which would assure the reservation of appropriate school and park sites at reason- able costs. Detailed plans and programs for constructing I I I I I I new parks and providing improvements in older unimproved parks should be prepared. Some park improvements are urgently needed now, some areas should be acquired and improved now. The following priority list is suggested to provide a basis for implementing a park and recreation program. . Large Park - Plan and construct the proposed park at the east end of Albert Avenue. . Airport Golf Course - Plan and .construct. · Neighborhood Park - Acquire land, plan and construct park and playground in Sunset School Neighborhood. · Create a school site selection and development committee representing the School Board, the Recreation Department, and the City to coordinate the proposed use of school sites as parts of park system. · Investigate potentials of all sand pits adjacent to City, acquire selected site, plan and develop as water - oriented facility. . Indian Rock Park - Prepare and complete an overall plan and improvement program. · Plan and construct artificial ice skating rink. . Trails - Acquire appropriate land easements, plan and construct the trails proposed; coordinated with the subdivision of adjacent vacant land. The suggested initial program outlined above provides a nucleus for the long - term plan. The initial program should be implemented early in the ten -year capital improvement program. The success of the Park Plan will in many ways be dependen t upon the landowners and the sub - dividers of the areas that will be platted and added to the City in the future. Every effort should be made to encourage these individuals to investigate the desirability of cooperative action between themselves to reserve adequate and well-located areas for recreational purposes . Voluntary dedication of such lands most often results in monetary gains through increased desirability and increased market value of the residential lots in the surrounding area. The Planning Commission offers assistance in the coordination and planning of dedications of public open areas. 79 T' , "/ I I I I l /" i" '~Jt{?~f(,~J~,k.~b K PLAN i I'_='i,,/,'~~!r~~ ~'1 d ,,":' )/L~I/ '- ~+ '"~i/ : ~~ l~lt;l ;\" ,'I, ,'",f/ ~ ))J OO"'::(t "",;,:,':;,',.,: dY~~ ~:::..... - ~ ,; ~ SJ::i-f'! C~ ",-"d> , ''':::: IrJ1' ~/~-") I,;..". I J . \ .J ~/Y;~~k \ "~ ~ I "" I~ I ,,' '~~ ! j ~-- 1- 1 I , tt~ ~J77L j~ '\ ~",I ' / ; '\'1 , " _,l ',- , I~ " y l /I / ,.,J ~ ~~ r ',/ " > f " I I \ \ J / / ~-- "" " '*"" *~ , \~:;k- _, l~J i !~~~;;~ il( -- -: ~)v ~ " ," ~~ ~ ,: \ / ~~)C~.,~~V." ~ I ,..._.y', j , il "Le I. II IJ i=~,J) .i r \~__(< ;J \'1 "/"(( J i:>/" f:'~ " ;:;;,l-4 , , / ! ~/ ,/ ~I~ j c-'\1"",,~~ / ..~/~~~{~~f~~; j u y ~~ " :,;"f ,J \ "~, tyK ,..-v,,--I ':, 0S'~\, " r. l X ~~~~ , / , '\ '''' /' // l " i" vf~~t/ /~ /-, ~ h-, ' F .~, iW~=4'-)'/" J \ '- i, ","" !, ,f\' ;)fl~ \)) // ~~ \\, ;~ L1..:~ j ~t "'~ ((~~>> \\'" v ,-' ~\ I I 'I 1 1 .r .....1(- J....J I PARKS Existing I I I, I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I Future . PARK SERVICE AREA BOUNDARY 1'\ ,--......, "'-.) ( I '- ..-/ SCHOOL PLAYGROUND SERVICE AREA PARK TRAIL SAll N A ' CITY PlANNING COMMISSION .-. ~~N ............... 6000 FEET tlLSON COMPANY ENGINEERS ARC H ITEeTS t PLANNING CONSUL TANTS I I I I I I I ' I I I I I I I I I I I I 8t ".,\;. ' ..... ,'",,' , i y~'" -::: T E /VI cc., ""\">'/I!; ;J i // .\ .fe, i:;j\C ....... ./ / I, Ii /\Tt!'~S~' :;:\J j ~ ~ / ~;;~~(>Y~'Lf'" j r .,., ;r,,' J" ~ (' ..... /; '\ ......"""""",.... ^:;C n'; ,~ ". ""& j' .~ ~,<i) ............. ,Jr,>, ._ ", ef"! ji ~/' if) ,,:;. ,," 'r( . /..' I ~./~ if ", Ii . ;' '; ~:0;;:;;::::jl '\',; ". ~J;" \, l~,! -~f~:"'" ( " .. 1>:,;;;., I.,,~,c.;;:'\; '(<,J} '? '~~'ft ::'c<::{t;: ::.<, ,,lev:::-, i: ,~: .:'....L1C / _ _ ! + ,i> \.~\";:~ ~{ ..~." 4" -,,~ ~, .. '~DIj] I: .-" ;;' ~;Lj~~~.~, f 'I " , 6" C\'i'. ;,"! I+l~+ -~.! '. ! "tIi..I,t-:.LL .. I /l~." ~ -,/;r~/' "', '0 - -,: I ! ))[ };-!; ':5> I i h. ,..""rey I 8 II / .' I I v~,Y,>:c'~ I ( .. .... .. ( 15 -= .. ~il >...,) 7rm.l o:r . "> "'J I iIf ill.! /) ! /~)' ~ is, "u. I >.' ,,~ f- ~ _ fL,: 1 ill ,\!~, ifNm/ Cr:;! -- '11111-:;- I L- I I I,) \<~~ LJII1. f..l.. ~ I ':::;/::; \; ......... <!.m,:.) I- - -"'l -r- .. h---i- .. f'" ~.~~ ~ ..... j't( , 'I I :1),0. /:\\\/!, ! 1 \.~. ~ <:<' \<~~(~!!,/I ~~H:\ \~~i1 >'J . jiG ~~}+i= '.....;. ....LS~ I- ~~mJf(r :~~;'\ [) ~~Ii ~...D ........\ \\, I'f::,:,c";<m i .' ~ .......................l " . """. : i " "........... \,~ !\,;l.c\\~.:'.!'.. '~:~/<f ". \/f t i ,', c....::<" "'t . ;C,.;. C, "./ ,>\\\j7( [::~~~~ 1 (( \\--;'/;;"'-. L 1},::TT ;'J':;r/'VV',.. _ ,_ .. .' .. ...... /., . . . "'.. m \\ ~~ rrtF; ~ I . ~\; ,\\r ( ~L: ~ ~~~ '! .v:: " ~. , \t, ~.AA" "' ;:"r, ~rcli ..~~\ i \~ .'.. ..................... ..... :: ".;-.!. .: .er :'~::. .J ~.. . i-n.......'...--- ~-M---------]l." J~ ~ ~ I ... ,,::; ._.J . i . )< / ,-, ;-;:.0 I f li.r'/; d 1+ .......... ....: IT;:;. i/O', !l ( ..., 1/ l Cf i J (,..f ./ ," i "..,f Ii.;';" :>il : / ,. , EEFl 10 " 12 " 16 " STORAGE TANK SAliN A CITY PLANNING COMMISSION * I I I I I I I I I II I II I I I I I I I ......-... ~- N ---....., I , 4000 FEET tlLSON COMPANY E.NGINEERS t ARCHITECTS I PLANNING CONSULTANTS I- I I I I II I I I I I I I I I I I I I ill <( r- z <( V) 12" . PLANT MAP 1000 FEET WATER SYSTEM Engineering studies have been prepared on several occasions during the past years to survey the municipal water system and outline necessary improvements. These studies have included long - range forecasts of system load and condition. Bucher and Willis prepared a water distribution system study in 1964 which surveyed the existing distribution system and outlined proposed improvements in the elevated storage and distribution system piping. Wilson and Company prepared a study in 1963 which resulted in increasing filter plant capacity at the water treatment plant. This study also contained projections of production and consumption of water during the next two decades. An average consumption of 14.7 million gallons per day is anticipated in 1985. The long - range projection for water supply includes 10 million gallons per day from the Smoky Hill River, 7 million gallons per day from the existing local well field, and 7 million gallons per day from a proposed well field located north of Salina; for a total of 24 million gallons per day. Also recommended is a pipeline from Kanopolis Reservoir to augment the supply. Water treatment plant capacity has been increased to 24 million gallons per day at the filter plant; about 16 million gallons per day capacity in primary softening, and 12 million gallons per day in secondary settling capacity. The plant is capable of desilting 10 million gallons per day of raw river water, and has a calcining plant large enough to recover the lime needed to produce 24 million gallons per day. Recarbonation capacity is 24 million gallons per day. The plant has 27,250 gpm of nominal high - service pump capability; pumping out of 3 million gallons of underground storage into 2.5 million gallons of elevated storage. The plant is of modern design and provides premium treatment to a raw water of below average quality. The existing local well field is located throughout the City proper, and has evidenced considerable drawdown during past drought periods. Present policy is to use this source as a standby to conserve the natural underground water supply for emergency use, and to rely on the Smoky Hill River for as much as possible of the normal supply. 83 The Salina water supply and the distribution system are in excellent condition to meet the demands of future growth of the City, providing planned expansions of water supply and water treatment capacity are effected. 84 I I I I I I I I I I SEWERAGE SYSTEM The sanitary sewer system is a network of pipelines and appurtenant structures which serve to convey the liquid borne refuse of the City to the municipal treatment works. The relative size of pipelines, pumping facilities and other system structures and devices are a function of the contributing population and commercial and industrial activities. In general, the sewer system network follows the drainage pattern of the watershed in which it is constructed. However economic considerations and the manner in which the system is developed sometimes disrupt I the general drainage pattern. As may be seen on the map of the "Sewerage System", the watershed pattern is evident, however, there are a number of pumping stations required. This is due to the slope of the watershed being less than the required gradient of the pipelines. Occasion- ally as the pipeline nears the surface, a pumping station is installed to permit the pipe to be constructed at a greater depth and to extend the service to new areas. This situation will predominate in all sewer construction in the valley regions and will be of lesser magnitude in development in the higher areas to the east. I I I" I I I I I I "...~/ \\ H ' 1 C'S) ,~;\L,'/;V : :"'/1 1 'ST is":; /r~~:;2? /l\> \ ,. ~i/?,f/ '.... , \'\:.<'C/<i)"r\"\'n;;,'.\[: .~.f:-"~ERAGE " I'~ '1'[" , . ..~.~~. \~, \. ',. , " ..... " /,1,>/,,<(, i~\..</<) -"i),- l... · , i i \\ 'ii.~.: ":. r:: )\,' ,j>~2~;f 2';;</ >Il:;~~ j ~ i,\/ ~:~i' ........... , ./ '''''--{.//'' i .;JI "'. (/r '~,~>., !~ I (.,1 '? rJ''{,/",/ j 11.~..;f. ,) [ '/~:']i I .l 1\ r,..J'~~ -- -i -9'\~' ! i II i .. . , " . , ., . - -~ )',1 I [';j) ''-_J 11' I , , , , ' i~ r1 , \ ,\.., I 'ii~ill "IJ Ix I Q, I, ~.' ..... = ,--- ,~ r= i' n II II II ~W{~ j IWI ~.... t-I l .1)' ~"~. t> ''1',,: ',- .~ ~ ~'\.. ,\' ?\, '... ~'~U "~\ [ , 1 Ell. i I rf(~ J }~~ [. <?r[if :::.....\,L,L. ,j "1<'LJ~ cJ [I ,I ,I J I ~I i i Ai" I i I ! I i" I i J.". /.1 i T~~ '1:> " . ~ I I ,~;'Z 'f ! I / -I-"-l["r '~""'.... , ' , ~'" J -i'-~-~ I' .. JS i' i:/ i's --'- j ~ .... ,c..-,- r= /VI ..~ . '-", -=. // : , ;, " ~< " . ! '. j /)1/;/ .,1::'// i',:.1 /,' ...:\~~<,;c \,\,::ii> \\ ,'[ \\, . iriS \i\ '~<\\/ , 1 ,I ~ , ii. J!r.. / / y/ ;'!>>/ '; , ;j \'.,. (,~ :, ,<,.,:;'< i.,,!.-)) :it cL L . . " .' .. ,j L--~!' i / ') ;:'~,' ;', , ,. , , . . . i . ,............ , ~~ ';',:;' " ..., : '. .' '" {+' ...., ,.......... / !" 6" 8" 10 " 12 " 15" & 18" 21 ", 24" & 27" 30" & 36" PUMPING STATION ic SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT ,-- SAliNA .~ CITY PlANNING COMMISSION 11LSON COM PANY E NG I N EERS ARC H ITE.eTS t PLA.NNING CONSUL. rANTS The sanitary sewer system was examined and studied in detail in the SEWERAGE STUDY FOR SALINA, KANSAS by Wilson and Company, Engineers and Architects, as published in August, 1960. Several recommendations for immediate improvements to the system were made, and some have been accomplished at this date. The primary improve- ments have been to provide for relief of overloaded conditions in the south and southwest portions of the City and to provide a main interceptor sewer for development to the south and to the east. With these improvements and continued developments of pipelines, as shown in the 1960 STUDY, a basic system is available which will allow expansion of the City to 65,000 persons with reasonable allowances for additional commercial and industrial wastes. One of the most serious problems covered in the STUDY, and only minor areas of correction have been accomplished to date, is the matter of combined sanitary and storm water sewers. Much of the original sewer collection system was designed to convey both sanitary and storm water to the Smoky Hill River where it was discharged without treatment. As the City grew, treatment of the sewage was necessitated. Since storm water volume is many times greater than maximum sewage flows, treatment facilities were designed and cons tructed to treat only the sewage flow, and during storm runoff periods the excess volume, which is grossly polluted, is discharged to the river without treatment. This practice continues today. The solution to this problem, as detailed in the STUDY, was to construct new storm sewers to convey storm water runoff separately from sewage. The old combination system which now is, in general, too small for the storm runoff would be left for sanitary service only. The major problem areas are the downtown business district and South Santa Fe A venue. There are approximately thirty smaller areas requiring correction. In 1960 it was estimated that an expenditure of $ 640,000 would be required in a long - range program to effect the adequate separation of the sewer system. The capital improvements program for the next ten years should include most, if not all, of the recommended separations. 86 I The 1960 SEWERAGE STUDY also recommended improvement and enlargement of the sewage treatment facilities. This project has been completed and the City now possesses a modern treatment plant capable of providing adequate treatment of the liquid wastes from a city of 65,000 persons, and commercial and industrial liquid wastes of an equivalent of an additional 40,000 persons. The treatment is accom- plished in a two - stage high - rate trickling filter plant with separate sludge digestion. I I I I I I I I I I I I I I STORM DRAINAGE SYSTEM .., The handling of storm waters has been considerably improved in recent years with the most important item of construction being the recently completed flood levee works constructed with the cooperation and assistance of the Corps of Engineers. A number of improvements to the interior collection sys tem have been suggested in consultant engineering studies and in studies made by the City Engineer. The most important of these recommendations are those involving the separation of storm waters from the sanitary sewerage system. These items should be handled as rapidly as finances are available and in the order of priority as established in the Capital Improvements Program. I I I I .~ -~ I ~' I . ""''':' I-..,,"''''.......~.,>t ,j ." , ',',:; (>y :clt~'- .,s;:/ '7r ~t\ II-' " i\ \; is I \ ~ i' 5jr' "'Lc"l " ~\i;"'!: j~;-'"'"~~:\?/\"'" "r" \".'.l..(.~!~ \7Llc :.": v.t .<!. ~ i11.t]. ,; '.' ,'\' \':i~\!i W'). s-c:. , ....._~ ~Jfj~:.:::~~"""" 'i i ! \ ,! ,~'" /' i~</~., '~~fj l1", 15 ", 18" & 21" . r/ i,.'. rn ! I r(~ ,!Z))>-_' ( ,f ,t .} ~_I i nT' -J= <, 'i ! ,I ~~~ ill H m 1- I ~\:I\>,,\(f ~ti f ( , I', '.ce,'.' I \~ ~ r _:... Ci-! i\t "_"0< it , .... .~ . ~.ttDD' 8:;:!: ! =, .; I . .,'.~s r~_ "' ~ WN ~j i - ,--, ; L iff ,'il i I ~ .L "U] !.-= ~c 1. \>>i;~h ! I! '~I"~ \r::~~ I 1~7:~~~;'/' ~S.[~ > ",-" '" A~R ,/'~ i l/ j;ILSON CIlY PlANNING COM PANY ENGINE.ERS t COMMISSION ARCHITECTS ~ 1- PLANNING CONSULTANTS J~l!~=--~~ '1)/' .])(( I T 'ti:/\':~' '/,/ / ",'ii. i Ii ! JJ,.- '<": ".\ i; jpt i.e. ..j \,~ l(s!(,:'~~'<'0'{I,~::} "j,.,~:;,i~i~'\C~:\~\,.\'-lj / ,,",'-.., ,_,'~'--', ; \ l" "t--...// /"""., !; "'-, ", ; \ ~~" ',' : /"~ "":"".",i ........, , i \ \ ",:".~> " ,'~", '.J i \ , i '- '/~~ ~,,-,; s:: . (, I '::;~ ((~)::;~::'~::<:';'\"((>;,F!~ ". /-/.,..g,OFlIVI I '>;::",v r -". . . ,:'1) ,....--'"'''''''''''' \~0 /':. .! ',' ""',' 24", 30" & 36" 42 ", 48" & 54" 60" & 72" OVER 72" .... .. / SLOUGH COMBINED SANITARY & STORM SEWER SAlI N A .-. ~-N-""""""'" I I 4000 FEET '''''H.',.',. CEMETERY ... The Gypsum Hill Cemetery, which is a municipal responsibility, will be filled within the next 8 to 10 years. There will be considerable number of open spaces in family plots at the end of this time but such space rarely becomes available, if ever. As of February 1964 there were 2048 unoccupied spaces. In the past ten or twelve years the number of burials has averaged 150 per year. To date, there has been no trend of yearly increases, probably because of the influence of the private cemetery. It is recommended that a new site be purchased and that development plans be completed by 1970 so that the City will be completely prepared for this eventuality. QUASI-PUBLIC FACILITIES ... An evaluation of the facilities made available to a community cannot overlook the important quasi-public institutions and cultural opportunities that are provided in any progressive and growing community. The city government has no responsi- bility for the planning and operation of these activities, but it can, by cooperation and encouragement, make them more successful. The religious needs of the community are supplied by over 50 churches of many denominations. A high percentage of these churches are new, or recently expanded or modernized, testifying to the religious interests of the citizens. By virtue of two large hospitals, both currently in the process of major expansion, Salina is the medical center for much of central and wes tern Kansas. Over fifty physicians and surgeons, including specialists in many fields of medicine, staff these institutions and maintain a number of excellent private clinics. One daily "newspaper, four local radio stations, and one local and four area television channels provide the important communication elements of community life. Over a dozen fraternal and social organizations have built large and modern club buildings and a variety of related facilities including two 18 - hole grass green golf courses, one indoor and two outdoor swimming pools. 88 I ." I I TRANSPORTATION ELEMENT I MAJOR THOROUGHFARES ... The primary purpose of a system of major thoroughfares is to move people and goods from one place to another in a safe and efficient manner. The well- being of a community is, in many ways, propor- tionate to how well its network of thoroughfares performs this function. I I The last two decades have seen a startling growth in vehicular ownership and usage. Most communities have been unable to expand and improve their thoroughfare systems rapidly enough to keep pace with this growth. The result has been that many of these systems are now taxed far beyond their original intended use. Traffic forecas ts see no slackening in this growth in the foreseeable future. It is imperative therefore, that a community expand and improve its thoroughfare system as quickly as possible - not only to handle the existing traffic volumes, but also those of the future. I I I I I The purpose of a transportation study is to prepare a development plan for the major thoroughfare system of an area which will serve existing traffic, and which will also be adequate for future anticipated traffic loads. The thoroughfare plan should be used asa guide to the orderly expansion of the system so that it may better serve the public. I I To develop such a plan for the Salina area, the City has entered into an agreement with the State Highway Commis- sion of Kansas, and the U. S. Dept. of Commerce, Bureau of Public Roads, to complete a detailed Transportation Study. This study is now being conducted, and when completed will become an integral part of the Comprehensive City Plan for the Salina community. The Transportation Study, based on collected and forecasted traffic data, will make specific recommendations and develop a Master Plan for the thoroughfare system serving the area. This part of the City Plan will, therefore, deal only with general concepts leaving the more detailed analysis for the Transportation Study. I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I" I I I I I I I SUMMARY OF EXTERNAL TRAFFIC Kansas State Highway Commission 1963 Survey ROADWAY LOCAL THROUGH TOTAL TRAFFIC AUTO TRUCK TOTAL AUTO TRUCK TOTAL AUTO TRUCK TOTAL US-81 NORTH 2370 815 3185 972 750 1722 3342 1565 4907 1-70 EAST 1158 395 1553 1366 246 1612 2524 641 3165 U 5 - 81 SO U T H 3097 966 4093 1166 793 1959 4263 1789 6052 U 5 - 40 W EST 1226 454 1680 1148 231 1379 2374 685 3059 US-40 EAST 1396 440 1836 108 56 164 1504 496 2000 OTHER APPROACHES 2068 1171 3209 92 87 179 2160 1228 3388 TOTAL 11315 4241 15556 4852 2163 7015 16167 6404 22571 EXTERNAL TRAFFIC ... Salina is presently served by several major highways. They are US-81, north and south; US - 40, east and west; and I -70 to the east. In the near future, I -70 to the west and 1- 35 W to the south will be opened to traffic. The community is indeed fortunate to have a junction of two Interstate Routes adjacent to the Ci ty. The full benefits have not yet been felt but the undercurrents are already present. In order for the City to make full use of this growth potential, it must make itself as desirable as possible. One very important aspect of this desirability will be the provision of a safe and efficient internal thoroughfare system. TRA FFIC VOLUMES '" A graphic presentation of the "1963 TRAFFIC VOLUMES" has been included to illustrate existing street usage. The highest observed volumes are to be found on Ninth Street, Santa Fe Avenue, US - 81 approaches, and on the Broadway (U S - 81) Bypass. A comparison of the 1958 and 1963 traffic volumes reveals some interesting shifts in the traffic patterns in the City. The most significant increase in traffic volumes occurred on Broadway between Republic and Ash Streets. There were substantial increases in traffic volumes on east - west streets such as Ash, State, Iron, South and Cloud during this same period. These increases occurred even though external highway approach traffic remained relatively stable. The conclusion can then be drawn that the greater part of these increased volumes were caused by internal traffic shifts. It is apparent that the improvements to the bypass; and the better east - west access to the core area, such as the extension of South Street west to the bypass, have attracted a large share of the north - south internal traffic to Broadway. The 1963 traffic survey conducted by the State Highway Commission shows that there are approximately 22,600 vehicles per day entering or leaving the Salina area; 16,200 automobiles and 6,400 trucks. Sixty-nine percent of all the vehicles have either an origin or a destination within the community and the remaining 31 percent are through vehicles; only 33 percent of the trucks are through vehicles. Eighty-five percent of all the vehicles entering or leaving the area are found on US - 81, US - 40, and I -70. The table above lists the total average daily local and through traffic by roadway and vehicle type. The recent construction of Belmont Avenue and the upgrading of Ohio Street have also had an effect on the traffic patterns of the City. Ninth Street and Santa Fe A venue traffic has remained relatively stable during this period. The traffic increases which would have normally occurred on these two streets have apparently been attracted to Broadway or to Ohio Street. Figures concerning internal trips are not yet available, but will appear in the Transportation Study. Forecasts for 1985 internal and external trips will also appear in that report. 89 itJ/~lii"~~~)j~ RA F F' C ! \<:.;fV :" "", '<:: (;~; VOL,LJ /VI IE. ~ :--lJXI VEHICLES PER DAY 1,000 5,000 10,000 15,000 20,000 I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I AVERAGE DAILY TRAFFIC 'SAlINA TRANSPORTATION S T U 0 Y ..-. ~N""""""'" 4000 FEET tlLSON COM PANY ENGINEERS ARCHITECTS t rL L . L . L . ! L . L . I . L . L . L . L L . I L I- I \- ,. I , L - L_ '. I . L -.~ I I W I- I- LL Z Z ~. <{ Z > I- W.--Z g~V) :;; ro '-0 5,200 4 4,000 ' 400 1,400 o o 0-- '-0 o o 0-- '-0 4,000 o o I'- M' o o '-0 '-0 300 9,000 2,900 o o ro 0--' 7,000 5,800 7 600 3 00 ELM ASH IRON WALNUT MULBERRY SOUTH PRESCOTT Kansas State Highway Commission 1963 survey o o '-0 M o o o I'- o o o I'- o o I'- 0-- o o "" '-0 9,000 o o ro "<t o o o o '-0 '-0 -' 4,600 4,600 10 o I'- I'- 3 100 o o I'- I'- 2 200 2 200 o o "<t M o o o "<t o o o "<t 3,000 1 500 o o I'- o o Cl o o "" M 3,200 3,100 1,800 o 0 o 0 '-0 0 "" M 2,900 2 200 C> C> "" I'- C> C> 0-- I'- C> C> M N CENTRAL BUSINESS DISTRICT Land use changes in the CBD area have caused some shifts in the traffic patterns. The recent commercial development on South Santa Fe Avenue, between Prescott and South St. has resulted in a change in traffic volumes from 11,000 vehicles per day in 1958 to over 15,500 in 1963. The conversion of 5th & 7th Streets to a one - way pair, has had no great effect on the traffic volumes on these streets, but has considerably improved the circulation characteris- tics in the core area. In summary, there has been an overall increase m vehicle - miles, but, more significantly, Salina has experi- enced a considerable shift in its traffic patterns since 1958. Improvements to the perimeter arterials, such as Ohio Street and Broadway, have done much to keep the central portion of the City from experiencing senous traffic overloads. This does not, of course, mean that Salina has solved its traffic problems. The internal arterials, such as Ninth, Cloud and Crawford, must be improved to provide additional capacity in order to bring about a better balance to the traffic patterns of the City. PARKING. .. Salina is one of the few cities in the state which has provided adequate parking facilities in its CBD area. There are presently 1,100 on -street parking spaces and 944 municipal off - street parking spaces in the downtown core area. In addition, there are several private off - street parking lots for customer parking. The recent parking survey, conducted as part of the Transportation Study, reveals that there are approximately 7,500 vehicles per day which park in the core area between 10 a. m. and 6 p. m. Six thousand use the on - street facilities and 1,500 make use of the off - street parking lots. The peak accumulation occurs at approximately 2 p. m., when there are 750 vehicles parked on - street and 460 parked in the municipal parking lots, for a total of 1,210 vehicles parked in the CBD area. A detailed report on space - hour usage, accumulation, turn -over, revenue, etc., will be part of the Transportation Study. It will suffice for this report to state that the parking facilities in the Central Business District are adequate to serve the present parking demand. 91 AIRPORT FACILITIES ... The Salina Municipal Airport is an excellent example of the advantages and benefits of a long-range planning program. The construction program has been thoroughly planned and these plans have been revised at regular intervals to assure full compliance with changing standards established by aviation authorities. The physical facilities of the airport are in excellent condition. The facilities include a modern Administration Building, a surfaced runway with accompanying taxiways, and hangar space considered adequate for present usage. Central Air Lines provides direct connections to Kansas City, Wichita and Denver,scheduling nine flights a day. For the years 1962 and 1963, approximately 18,000 passengers arrived or embarked from the Salina Airport. In addition to the regularly scheduled airline service, charter services are available. There are presently 55 private planes based at the airport. This number will increase as the community expands, and as air travel becomes more popular. ----- . -0 I . l . -1 - I . l .. I . ] . 94 l . I I . -I . i I' . I' . '. r- I :. '. il il I II il e il II II II II II I II II I SALINA MUNICIPAL AIRPORT \--i " ! ! I A I N x I x [) I >- "" '" z ii! , w >- I w '" U z 0 U x L-'l x I Even though Salina's Municipal Airport is a modern and efficient operation, there are a few further improvements which will receive increasing attention within the planning period. · There is a definite need for fire protection at the airport. Under certain conditions, a joint facility serving both the airport and adjacent City areas can be established, with part of the cost borne by the Federal Government through the FAA. · The F A A has recommended the extension of the existing north - south runway to 6,400 feet from the present 6,000 feet. · There is a need for the improvement and lengthening of the NW-SE sod runway, with the possibility of ultimately paving it. Such an improvement will require the acquisition of additional easements. · The need for a maintenance hangar to serve both Salina - based and transient planes is presently being resolved by action to construct a structure for this important purpose. · As the number of Salina - based planes increases, there will be need for additional hangar space. · With the climbing use of the Salina Airport by commercial aircraft, air transport, home based and transient planes, it is apparent there will soon be need for a control tower. Under present F A A regulations, if the landings and takeoffs total 24,000 a year, the F A A will construct a control tower using 100 % federal funds. Salina's airport is presently handling fewer than the required 24,000, but recent totals are close enough to that figure to warran t a tower in the next few years. · The installation of an Instrument Landing System should be considered in the long - range plan for the airport. Such a system would increase the usage of the airport. Firms seeking new industrial and manufacturing sites are placing increasing emphasis on the adequacy and conven- ience of airport facilities in their evaluation of cities. Salina would rank high in this important item in the long list of industrial management requirements. 95 I ""L, ..... . .... . Sri,., i '. if. .. .... Jr:/". 0 .. I . ", ....,. \j':)~~\ h tV" "", ~ It=. N I.=: R A L !""\,:I> ~pr"1~"'}<';"'~~>MlI:~~:~;~7, J F>/VIEEIV, '. ~..........."..,',~ .,^> / '~J"" ,,4 ,," '. "7" ...,..',....,., , < '\z / ' '" < 1 ~ " r ", /<< < , ,,' ',.' ,..,,[ '''\,,If /;'0 j/ f,..."...,../ , :/ TT'f",<., ',. ...,.,..1.',' , ' .<; i .-Uild, .i!, . J~ ':~L)jl~" It ,';" )II~, ~<V"" ~"'<,,,T( I IS";;'::' . ;1"'" I<~'" ~ Fi~ g,.Fl. .) 1 f; ',"-- " ,', <, , 0..-J ~ ..~,,! -, rn ". ' L.. ,; , " k/j;/;< == ' ill ' ! [Ii ;';'t1J:' j l I ,:-~, (/ '\i' .>C~ [' cS . h~" "JU}.': ~',. ~ , ~':"~;r ~ "'k '""" .. \, , \ , ~'",.1. ~~fi ~~'T.;' ~j ~'~~;tl", '.,.,' SCHOOLS ",~,:~,EJ'f ,_, CONTROLLED FLOOD WAY OJ;J Ii ....."..".., lfi , r" "lJj ,'-' \ ~ '/J[' 1../ :........,,; [ "-. - -' ; 1,'/ """"" '\ . / ~'L~TT'<J(\ ; ...,.. ! ''Sf;/ .J1"''i ""'H";,.:::l;':~'r1) (;~ """/s, '", :~; 'c-c:.cj>::TN' i"-", f ?, j:)~''<;'1 /V , ~ I "! ". /' /: L,>::/ .i:,' " ';I:'v/,,' " ./ ,\ ..:~ .....1. . · ....., ' // i " ,;;~' ,( <',' ;.,((>,\~ ...f"" , " ')J 1// ,'ec"",/ .\,~ : H fi!ii, ;:: [~ [e".\ IF\ j e"(> . \.$?\\.rtf"('\ ~~~~ ;;j\\':<, '>, \"'[:-:~ '>::/";:'D I i"" // '\: ;',C:i::::>\::/,,-,:~ I,J'[t "" (;:,); ii' \\\~,\ , 'T RESIDENTIAL LOW DENSITY i ~m\ MEDIUM DENSITY \, ! ~... ! \, \ i . !m,. .....;'me....J COMMERCIAL A. ..rJ' ,.." ;.. /",) . . PARKS & GOLF COURSES . . i...e'~ : INDUSTRIAL "et CO", ... '... " ;. \ i , \~ ~c_. SAliNA :~ CITY PlANNING COMMISSION 11 LS 0 N COM PANY ENGINEERS! ARCHITECTS ~ PLANNING CONSULTANTS i . . . _..J . . ..J . J . ...J I J I II -.J I J I I -~ I .J I I -- II -.J I .J I 'I I I II -- I II I I I I I I I I I I I I .1 I I I I - :3 IMPLEMENTING THE DEVELOPMENT PLAN IMPLEMENTATION OF THE PLAN After a plan has been developed the first logical question that arises is how to proceed to bring actual city development into accord with the proposals and policies stated in the Comprehensive Plan. The principal means of putting a plan into effect are; by adoption of appropriate regulations to guide the development and the use of private property, by providing the necessary public facilities and services and other physical improvements, and by a program of public education and citizen participation. ZONING. .. Basically, zoning is the regulation of the use of land and buildings. The zoning ordinance is probably the most important tool that has been devised to guide the growth of a community. The relationship between the land use plan and the provisions of the zoning ordinance are not understood by the public and, often as not, by those whom must administer and interpret its provisions. Much of this misunderstanding arises from the adoption of interim zoning ordinances which are not fully related to the comprehensive plan. Zoning ordinances developed in this manner tend to freeze development into existing patterns and are not instrumental in carrying out the intent of the comprehensive land use plan. The original Salina Zoning Ordinance has been amended and revised a number of times. In April, 1962, the regulations were extensively modified and the present Zoning Ordinance No. 6613 was adopted. 99 The Planning Commission recommends that the current ordinance and district map should be carefully reviewed and updated to conform to provisions of the City Plan. Exclusive industrial zoning is one provision that is needed to provide better protection for vacant industrial land and there are a number of other important changes that should be considered. The present Zoning Ordinance does not conform to state law regarding provision for reconstruction of non-conforming buildings. This provision, and the effect it has on carrying out the intent of the plan, should be carefully studied and revised in accordance with the legislative act. Provisions in the ordinance authorizing the Planning Commission and / or the City Commission to request, at their discretion, an economic feasibility study by a qualified economis t as justification for rezoning additional business and commercial areas not contiguous to existing business and commercial districts have been suggested. Land outside the present corporate limits is presently zoned by Saline County. The County zoning resolution has provided reasonable protection for areas adjacent to the City, however, it should be carefully reviewed and revised to correspond to the Comprehensive Plan for the City. SUBDIVISION REGULATIONS... Subdivision regulation, properly adminis tered, benefits both the community and the subdivider. Realistic subdivision standards do not discourage the legitimate subdivision and development of land in and adjacent to the City. Salina has adopted Subdivision Regulations prepared under the current" 701 " planning program. These regulations should serve to guide the growth of the City for a number of years but they should be periodically reviewed, clarified, and expanded to fit the goals established by the City Plan. 100 I I HOUSING CODES ... Housing codes are a relatively new regulatory instrument. As such, they serve a most important part in the implementation of a plan for community growth. Housing codes regulate housing of every type and prescribe minimum conditions of space - per - occupant, sanitary facilities, lighting, heating, and all of the' more important aspects of a dwelling unit. They are made applicable for all future housing as well as for all existing housing. Properly administered, housing codes can be effective in reducing the causes of blight. The Planning Commission intends to investigate the advisability of adopting housing codes which would be designed specifically for conditions in Salina. I I I I I I I BUILDING CODES. . . Building codes are a most important tool to assure good community development. As a regulatory instrument, building codes set standards and minimum requirements in all of the various details involved with the construction of buildings and the development of property. To be effective, they must be vigorously enforced, and they should be revised as necessary to keep abreast of changing construction methods and to allow builders and architects to use new building materials to better advantage. Building codes serve the important purpose of preventing construc- tion that will be short lived, unsafe and unsanitary, and, by so doing, minimize the many causes for deterioration and dilapida tion. I I I I I Saline County should adopt and enforce a building code in the areas adjacent to the City where places of public assembly and similar commercial and residential structures are being constructed - - to assure that all areas which will develop in the future will do so at standards comparable to those of the City. This will do much to prevent" jerry - built" subdivisions outside the City's jurisdiction. Salina and Saline County; fortunately, have discouraged this from happening in the past. I I I I I c c c [- ,. ,- :~ CAP IT AL IMPROVEMENT PROGRAM . . . A capital budget or Capital Improvements Program, which will be published separately, is a vital part of the present planning program. A capital improvements program, based upon a realistic long - range financial plan, will help assure the development of the public facilities and services recommended in the City Plan. In planning for the future, we cannot disassociate the cost of providing for the physical needs of the community from the ability of its citizens to pay for these needs. The chances of achieving the goals outlined in the City Plan would be slim if the community was unable to match the recommendations with dollars. The Capital Improvements Program will be designed to integrate the proposed improvements with the other financial demands upon the City. ~ ~ r - I I '. f I . I . I. ~ ~ CONTINUOUS PLANNING ... Planning is a continuing process. A plan on paper in a richly. bound volume is worthless unless it is adopted and its proposals put into effect. Implementing a plan and carrying it out is largely an administrative process. Since cities are constantly changing, some parts of a plan may become outdated early in the planning period. It is for these reas ons that planning must be a continuing process of review and updating to keep plans current and to make them more useful documents for evaluating and guiding community growth. r I. 'I '. I :. r~ A continuing program involves keeping current data on land use, transportation and public facilities. It may also involve detailed programs for neighborhood rehabilitation, park plans, central business district studies and the development of annual capital improvement programs. '. (~ I i. , I \. CITIZEN P ARTICIP A TION . . . The participation of individ- ual citizens in the planning process is essential to the success of any planning program. The federal government has placed important emphasis on citizen participation in "701" planning programs. Citizen participation most often takes the form of a committee of downtown business men or a neighborhood group organized to perpetuate a particular cause which is often localized with respect to the interests of an entire community. Effective citizen participation, however, should involve a broad cross section of the entire population. The City of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, for example, has achieved notable success with its planning program by having a "Citizens Council on City Planning" which has been instrumental in reversing programs and decisions which were contrary to sound planning principles. This council has reviewed each element of the Comprehensive Plan of Philadelphia and also reviews the annual capital improvement programs. Many other cities have had similar success with comparable citizen organizations. Participation of this nature tends to diss uade undue political influence where there is conflict between public good and private interest. A citizen group should be organized to actively participate in the planning process and to familiarize themselves with the City's plans and programs and, in turn, to inform and secure public participation and support for such programs. An organization of this nature should not be formed to harass the governing body and its administrators but rather to give support and guidance in achieving an aggressive planning program which will result in an efficient government and an improved urban environment. This kind of committee should be organized at an early date. 101 . J FUTURE EXPANSION NEEDS . J "Interviews with Department Heads revealed extreme difficulty in estimating needs for their departments beyond ten years in the future. There are so many indeterminate factors which would influence such an estimate: j Population variations . J Changes in duties due to legislation . J Political developments in the community, state or nation Technological developments . J Economic developments Cultural and sociological changes. . J "Though there was hesitancy to predict specific requirements for space use, there was a general concensus that there is a distinct need to provide for expansion and change. . I -' "Provision for change should take the following forms: 'Cushion' space within the building (s) as constructed, which would permit natural and gradual growth, both for personnel and stored items; Flexible or movable partitions to permit re-shaping of the depart- ments and their relationship to each other; Provision for expansion of the building (s), either horizontally or vertically, to accommodate increased gross area needs at some time in the future. . J . J . J "Either of the three building combinations, (Completely Separate, Separate on the same site, Combined Facility), would be readily adaptable to the provisions for change as described above. For sites A and C, provisions for vertical expansion should be provided. Due to the limitation of these sites, horizontal expansion should "be discouraged. The cost estimates in this report DO NOT INCLUDE provision for vertical expansion unless noted. . J ~ "Provision for expansion horizontally would necessitate the selection of a site that would permit a generous amount of open lot in addition to the area used by the building (s). . J "Provision for expansion vertically would of course necessitate the design of the structural system to accommodate additional loads in the future. . J "Within a combined building, except where functional convenience required otherwise, the departments of the two governments would be essentially sep- arated, and would not interfere with alterations of the other party. If one government should experience reduced space needs, and the other gov- ernment should expand, the flexible partitioning would permit easy changes. . J "Operation and maintenance costs, and other responsibilities would be charged on a percentage basis depending on the percentage of departmental space used by each. The percentages could be re-adjusted, ( if necessary), after each major shifting of partitions. . J 104 . J . I ...J ---- I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I RECAPITULA TION " PHASE I "Item 1 . A Combined project is legally possible. There are no major legal restrictions to a cooperative building effort between a County Government and the City Government of a City which is the County Seat. " Item 2 . Present bui Idings structurally sound but functionally obsolete Both the City Hall and the Courthouse are structurally adequate, and would be able to serve their respective governments satisfactorily for a number of years. Both of these buildings are obsolete according to present day stand- ards of lighting, heating, ventilating, air conditioning, fire safety acoustics, etc. Both buildings would require a substantial amount of work to improve finish and trim materials that have deteriorated due to age, weather- ing, use, etc. "Item 3 . Existing buildings satisfactorily located The location of the City Hall is considered satisfactory as to rela- tion to the central business district, (CBO), but is not large enough to give the proper setting and dignified character that is important to a seat of government. The County Courthouse is satisfactorily related in relation to the CBO. It would; however, serve the community somewhat more conveniently if it were closer to the CBO. The size of the site for existing conditions is satisfactory from a standpoint of character and dignity. "Item 4 . Traffic is not a problem There are no major traffic problems encountered at either site. " Item 5 . Both buildings very short of adequate space Many departments are lacking in necessary space to adequately and ef- ficiently conduct their present operations. Several departments, in addition to lack of enough space, are further hindered by space that does not function properly, and cannot be made to function properly due to the inflexibility of the existing build- ings. 105 I "Item 6 . It is 'possible' to expand existinq building - 'desirability' questionable Considered from the standpoint of possibility only, and not necessar- ily from the standpoint of desirability, it is possible to construct the needed additional space by addition (s) to the existing buildings. I It would not be possible, (except by a multi-story, more than three stories, building), to construct a joint City- County Governmental cen- ter on the present City HaJJ property. I It would be possible to construct a joint City - County Governmental Center on the present Courthouse property. I "Item 7 . Some cities now use a combined facility Other cities within and without the borders of Kansas have found that a joint governmental center has been advantageous from an efficiency standpoint, particularly in the area of law enforcement. This, plus savings in construction and operation costs, shows an advantage for this type of organization. I I I "Item 8 . Courthouse neiqhborhood satisfactory The adjoining land uses in the vicinity of the City Hall are not the most ideal for a setting for city or county government. I The land uses in the vicinity of the Courthouse are considered satis- factory for governmental offices. (Refer to comments under Item 3. ) I "Item 9 . Existinq buildinqs could be used for other purposes In the event that either the City Hall or the County Courthouse were to be replaced by a new structure, there are possible uses to which the existing building (s ) could be put. I I " PHASE II "Item 1 . The area immediately to northwest of CBD is desirable location A Governmental Center should be within 600 feet of the periphery of the CBD. I Location on wide, arterial streets is desirable. Ninth street, with access to Interstate Highway 70, and Ash street, with access to Inter- state Highway 35W, fit this description. I Area northeast and east of CBD is undesirable because it is zoned for light industry, and because of the location of the railroads. I Area to southeast and south is zoned for I ight industry and for gener- al business. Also traffic patterns are less convenient. I Land use to south is suitable for a Governmental Center, but a loca- tion close to the CBD would inhibit business development. I The land to the southwest and west that is within a convenient dis- tance from the CBD is already used for largely public and semi-public uses. I The area to the northwest provides sites which are a convenient dis- tance from the CBD and are served by both Ninth and Ash Streets. I 106 I II I- "Item 2 . Three methods of financing possible 1. Accumulation of funds 2. Bond issues 3. Sale of property I The City of Salina has no funds available for building construction. I Construction work by the City of Salina in the near future would reo quire issuance of general obligation bonds affirmed by a bond election. I Saline County has accumulated approximately $ 429,000. under a special building fund levy. Saline County is authorized to accumulate the special building levy at a maximum rate of one ( 1 ) mill. The present rate of .52 mills should produce $48,322. in 1963 property taxes. I Saline County is authorized to supplement the levy with bonds until the fund reaches two-ond-one-half, (2!2), percent of the County assess- ed valuation. 2!2 percent of the 1963 valuation was $ 2,323,000. I "Item 3 . Ownership and Organization should be by means of a Building Authority or Building Commission Kansas statutes authorize building authorities, but apparently do not permit the use of revenue bonds. I I The principal reasoning behind the use of building authorities IS clearly stated in the Indiana Statute: I 'The bringing together of various activities and functions of sev- eral governmental units into one or more modern buildings would facilitate the carrying on of public business through closer grouping and more economical housing. However, the financing, management, operation and allocation of space in a building used jointly by several governmental units can be handled efficiently, fairly, and economically only by a body separate and apart from the governmental units themselves. ' I I "Item 4 . Site' E' judged most desirable Criteria for judgement: Ease of building on the site Appearance of project on site Walking distance from County Jail (transporting of prisoners to courts) Walking distance from CBD Parking relationships to CBD Potential for renewal of the area Appraised value of land I I I I I I 107 I TE D I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I SITES STUDIED ~ i~ IL eLSVf-NTH SITE C \P ..c( r;l o SITE B MeMO~IA.L. \-\A.l..~ lcounl !-lOUSE ITE A SITE E - - - SI - EIGHTH - ---- - NIN ~eVE~TH SANTA FE 108 I I "PHASE III "Item 1 . The City of Salina requires a building area of 37,950.' square feet. I Saline County requires a building area of 47,320. square feet. A joint facility to serve both governments would require a building area of 83,400. square feet. I The Police Station, (including facilities for the City Court), would require a building area of 24,940. square feet. I " Item 2 . Additional reductions in area might be possible if, by mutual ag- reement, certain functions could. be organized to serve all, (or several ), departments of both governments. I "Item 3 . If a Civil Defense Emergency Control Center were included in the project, federal funds are available for assisting in construction to meet specific requirements of such a program. (This has not been included in the areas listed under Item 1, or in the cost est- imates. ) I I " Item 4 . For purposes of cost estimating it was assumed that the materials and methods of construction would be consistent with other similar projects in this part of the country. Specifically, the cost esti- mates are predicated on a building of durable materials, air condi- tioning, flexibility and expandibility. I I "Item 5 . Estimated costs for CONSTRUCTION ONL Yare: I City Building.. . .... . $ 773,990. T I $1 729 17000 C t B 'Id' $ 995 180 ota.. . . . . .. . . , , . oun y UI mg..... ,. Combined Building. .... . . . . . ....... ............ $1,621,820.00 Difference. ...... .. . . . . ... $ 107,350.00 I "Item 6 . An estimated saving of $1,980. per year is anticipated for operat- ing costs if a combined building is constructed. This amounts to $ 99,000. over a period of fifty years of the amount remains con- stant. I I An estimated saving of $ 2,400. per year in personnel and equipment rental cost for telephone service is anticipated if a Combined Building is used. This amounts to $120,000. over a period of fifty years. I " Item 7 . Operation and ownership of a combined building would be by means of a ' Building Commission '. The responsibility of the Building Comm- ission would be similar to a Building Committee during the con- struction of the project, and similar to a Board of Trustees for another public building after the project was completed. I I "Item 8 . Future expansion would be either by addition of floors in the fu- ture, or would take the form of horizontal expansion. Either form of expansion must be provided for at the time the original project is constructed. Vertical expansion requires special foundation work, and horizontal expansion requires a site large enough to ac- commodate it. I 109 I TABULATION OF COSTS FOR CITY AND COUNTY OFFICE FACILITIES SEPARATE BUILDINGS COMB IN ED BUILDING SITE City County Total City County Total Cost Cost Cost Cost Cost Cost Separate ( 7) r 190,000sq.'\ $1,017,210 Sl 124.140 $2 141.350 - - - Site A ( 2) ( 6) ( 2) ( 6) (2) (6) ( 1) ( 5) (1) (5) ( 1) ( 5) 110 OOOsq.') $ 838,930 $1 066,140 $1,905,070 $ 779,460 $ 1 . 011 . 950 $1. 791 410 Site B ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) (187, 500sq. ') $ 814,900 $1,097,920 $1,912,820 $ 755,820 $1,043,340 $1,799,160 Site B witt ( 3) ( 4) ( 3) (4) :ity Police - - - $ 729,450 $1,010,050 $1,739,500 Site C ( 6) ( 6) ( 6) ( 5) ( 5) ( 5) (107, 500sq. ' ) $ 859,010 $1,092,210 $1,951,220 $ 779,860 $1,037,700 $1 , 837 , 560 Site D 150,000sq.' ) $ 948,660 $1,208,650 $2,157,310 $ 890,950 $1,152,700 $2,043,650 Site E 160 ,000sq. I ) $ 962,400 $1,226,510 $2,188,910 $ 904,920 $1,170,330 $2,075,250 (7) "An additional $ 25,000 should be included ($ 71,000 City and $ 74,000 County) for difficulty of construction around Courthouse to prevent a double move by the County. (2) "An additional $ 75,000 should be included for one of the two buildings to pre- vent either a double move by County, or a two year delay for City facilities. (3) "This eliminates Memorial Hall, so an additional amount would be required to re- place this facility (including land) by the City. (4) " Amount does not include City Po/ice facilities, which would be $ 595,530 additional. (5) "Due to size of site an additional $ 75,000 ($ 6,600 City and $ 8,400 County) should be included for provision for vertical expansion. (6) "Due to size of site, an additional $ 7,000 for the City Building and $ 9,000 for the County Building should be included for provision for vertical expansion. (7) "If County Building were limited to Courthouse site, County costs would be $ 1,042,940., however, $15,000 should be added for difficulty of Construction to prevent double move and $ 9,000 for provision for vertical expansion due to size of site. " NOTE: " Costs do not include costs for a City Police Facility. This is estimated to be from $545,570. to $620,750. depending upon site used. "Except where the County Courthouse property is used as part of the building site, it has been assumed the Courthouse and City Hall properties would be sold. This 110 is reflected in the above figures. ---------..- I I II I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I II I I RECOMMENDA TIONS I "It is the recommendation of this report that Saline County and the City of Salina: " 1. - Elect to proceed with the construction and joint ownership of a Combined Building to serve the County and City Governments; I A combined saving of $107,350. in construction cost, and $ 4,380. in yearly operating cost should be realized by this action. I In the light of the urgent need of many departments of both City and County governments for additional and more functional space, it is recommended that a decision be made at an early date, and that a building program be started promptly. I "2. - Form a Building Commission for the planning, construction and joint own- ership and operation of the proposed building; I "3. . The Building Commission be invested with the power to select and work with an Architect for the project as a Building Committee, and after the project is completed, to serve as a Board of Trustees for the operation of the project; I "4. - Select a site for the Combined Building: I It is the recommendation of this report that Site E be selected because of its greater potential for convenience, flexibility and expansion. (Site 0 also has many of these advantages except the shape of site is more restrictive. ) I If cost must be the determining factor, Site A is the obvious choice. However, it .should be pointed out that Site E has 45 % more area than Site A. I If the City should find it feasible to abandon the use of a Civic Auditorium for a period of years, or to construct a new Auditor. ium simultaneously with the proposed City-County Building, then Site' B' would be the recommendation of this report. Site I B ' would afford the greatest amount of usable site area for the a- mount of money spent and at the least expenditure of money. I I "5. - Hire an Architect within four weeks of the first reading of this report to begin preliminary planning at once in preparation for a bond election at the earliest date possible and practicable; I "6. - Coincident with the above recommendations, it is recommended that the City purchase property and construct a new Police Station convenient to the existing County Jail. " I I I III I \NIL-PAINT [__~..-r] 629 EAST CRAWFORD SALINA, KANSAS ....... I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I