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1951 Complete City PlanI S. HERBERT HARE RALPH R.REINHARDT DONALD W. BUSH H.G.WHIFFEN HARE AND HARE LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTS --CITY PLANNERS 114 WEST TENTH STREET KANSAS CITY 6, MISSOURI Tune( 1949 .,.Tr. E. T. Allison, City I'anagar, City Hall 1�7 -, i,- E:, 'K, a n s a S �a_L De-�r i,r. �,llison: -�Ve ;, -)ur 'e h- letter of :Tune 4, enclosing re- vised contract torn_, wlniich. seems satisfactory to us. '?,,'e have th,.-,,refore signed both copies, Fn,'14 -ire returning the original to ycu. 1.1r. Reinlvi-,dt will arrange to come to Salina, n,robrbly T�jithin the next few days, to check over avail- ,able mans -?nd and will et in toucJI-1 -,nith Yju rear -rdi. this. T rc truly yours, & T t 1 THIS AGREKMNT, made and entered into this '�' y day of 1949, by and between the City of Salina, Kansas, a municipal corporation, Party of the First Part, and Hare & Hare, a co- partnership composed of S. Herbert Hare, Ralph R. Reinhardt and Donald W. Bush, City Planners, of Kansas City, Missouri, Party of the Second Part, 7+ITNESSETH: 1. Party of the First Part hereby employs Party of the Second Part to prepare a complete city plan and report for the City of Salina, Kansas, to facilitate the industrial development thereof covering the following items: (a) Preparation of a base map of the city from existing maps, this base map to be used in recording basic data of existing conditions, as well as presenting recommendations of the city plan. (b) Compilation and presentation in graphic form, where desir- able, of basic data of existing conditions, such as land use, vacant pro- perty available for industrial development and otherwise, areas served by utilities, street widths, paved streets, distribution of population, growth of population, racial distribution, school and school population distribution, trends and directions of growth as shown by building per- mits, railroad properties and grade crossings, and present parks and re- creational facilities. (c) Major street plan, showing a system of major thoroughfares, with proposed widenings, openings or extensions, to facilitate industrial development and residential use and convenience, and including a study of highway connections within and adjacent to the city. (d) Study of the railroad properties and terminals, with par- ticular regard to major streets and grade separations and industrial development. (e) Study of park and recreational facilities, and recommenda- tions for proper location of additional parks, parkways and playgrounds. (f) Study of school locations and school grounds, with recom- mendations for additional properties or adjustments in present facilities. (g) Study of location and possible grouping of any future pub- lic buildings. (h) Study of transit situation, with recommendations for any adjustment in transit lines, to facilitate industrial development and otherwise. (i) Restudy of zoning map and ordinance, with recommendations for changes, based on land use study and recent trends in zoning. (j) Typical cross sections for various classes of streets, boule- vards and parkways, showing width of pavings and proper arrangement of street trees, sidewalks, etc. (k) Study of housing situation, with particular regard to blight- ed areas suitable for reclamation or redevelopment. (1) Recommendations for improving appearance of the city. (m) Rules governing approval of land subdivisions. (n) Recommendations as to priority of various projects. (o) Recommendations for legislation which would be desirable. (p) adaptation of plans and recommendations to the promotion of industrial development. (q) Three manuscript copies, with illustrations, of a report explaining the above recommendations, in form suitable for publication if desired. 2. The Party of the First Part agrees to aid the Party of the Second Part by making available maps of the city and other information in the office of the City Engineer or other public departments, or any other information which would be readily obtainable, and which would be useful as a basis for the work, and to render all reasonable cooperation required for the proper completion of the work. 3. Party of the Second Part agrees to pursue the work with rea- sonable diligence, and to complete the work within a period of approximate- ly eighteen months. Party of the Second Part also agrees to make periodic visits to Salina during the progress of the work, for conferences with the City Planning Commission, the City Council, or other groups interested in planning matters; also attendance at a public hearing in connection with the revised zoning maps and ordinance if desired. Party of the Second Part also agrees to furnish all necessary time of partners and assistants, either in the office or in Salina, including all office and traveling ex- penses. 4. Party of the First Part agrees to pay Party of the Second Part for the services mentioned above the sum of Aline Thousand Dollars ( #9,000.00) to Nine Thousand Five Hundred Dollars ($9,500.00), not to exceed the latter figure, and to make payments during the progress of the work as follows: Upon presentation of the work covered in paragraphs 1(a) to 1(d) inclusive, in form for discussion, Three Thousand Five Hundred Dollars ($3, 500.00) ; Upon completion of work covered in paragraphs 1(e) to 1(j) in- elusive, Three Thousand Five Hundred Dollars ($3500.00); contract. Upon completion of remaining work, the balance due under the As an alternate for Item 1(q) above, Party of the Second Part agrees to furnish one (1) manuscript copy of the report for approval, and five hundred (500) printed copies of the report, with illustrations, for an additional Six Hundred Dollars ($600.00). IN WITNESS W-HEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this agreement to be executed in duplicate the day and year above written. ATTEST: THE CITY OF SALINA, KANSAS By ¢4111 HARE & HARE By LL �'L- A City Plan SALINA,, for KANSAS REPORT OF THE CITY PLANNING AND ZONING COMMISSION HARE & HARE City Planners Kansas City, Missouri 1949 -1951 "Whether they like it or not; whether they know it or not; a collective responsi- bility rests upon the citizens of the present generation for making or marring their city's future." Frederick Law Olmsted 2 I 1 1 1 I i 3 i i i i Entrance to Memorial Hall -W jk . 3 S. HERBERT HARE RALPH R.REINHARDT DONALD W. BUSH H.G.WHIFFEN 4 HARE AND HARE LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTS --CITY PLANNERS 114 WEST TENTH STREET KANSAS CITY 6, MISSOURI March 27, 1951 The City Planning and Zoning Commission, Salina, Kansas. Gentlemen: In accordance with an agreement with the City of Salina, we are submitting the report and maps cover- ing a comprehensive city plan. We believe the recommen- dations herein contained form a sound program for the fu- ture development of your city. We wish to gratefully acknowledge the fine coop- eration we have had from the present and former members of the City Planning and Zoning Commission; Mayor R. W. King, former Mayor Lloyd W. Price, and other members of Man- the Board of Commissioners, Mr. E. e Allison, M. Osten - ager; Mr. H. F. Harper, City Engineer; Mr. W. M. berg, Hawkes Superintendent of Schools, and Mr. C. E. s former Superintendent; Mr. F. L. Remolds, Clerk of the Board of Education; and many Very truly yours, HARE & HARE, J • lLj I The proposals herein made are principally concerned with the physical development of the city, but are closely related to social and economic problems. The real value of planning is the in- creased comfort and happiness of the citizens, through the im- provement of their environment. Some of the recommendations, such as zoning, can be put into effect with little or no expense; while others must necessarily be carried out over a period of years, as money is expended for public improvements. The purpose of a comprehensive plan is not necessarily to increase the city's expenditures, but to guide them when and if made, so as to avoid duplication and waste through an orderly, related program of civic development. HARE & HARE, City Planners 5 FOREWORD THE purpose of a Master Plan is to guide the growth of a com- munity, so as to it make a more convenient, efficient, orderly, and attractive place in which to live, work and play. The planning ' procedure, to realize these objectives is: First, compilation and presentation of certain data as an inventory of existing condi- tions; second, analysis of these data, and recommendations for various phases of the coordinated, physical development of the ' city; and third, a program of procedure in carrying out the plan. City planning is most successfully realized through a perma- nent and continuously active citizens planning body in the form of a City Planning Commission, working in cooperation with the city's governing body and citizen groups. Planning is a contin- uous process, and in a growing city no plan can be static. All proposed improvements should be checked against the plan, ' and changes made in the plan, when necessary to keep it current, but only when new conditions justify. Other recommendations ' of the plan should then be reconciled with these changes. This is the continuing work of the Planning Commission. The proposals herein made are principally concerned with the physical development of the city, but are closely related to social and economic problems. The real value of planning is the in- creased comfort and happiness of the citizens, through the im- provement of their environment. Some of the recommendations, such as zoning, can be put into effect with little or no expense; while others must necessarily be carried out over a period of years, as money is expended for public improvements. The purpose of a comprehensive plan is not necessarily to increase the city's expenditures, but to guide them when and if made, so as to avoid duplication and waste through an orderly, related program of civic development. HARE & HARE, City Planners 5 CITY OFFICIALS BOARD OF COMMISSIONERS R. W. King, Mayor Lloyd W. Price L. F. Stephenson Carl Ramsey A. L. Webb ADMINISTRATIVE OFFICIALS E. J. Allison .................... City Manager Charles E. Banker .................. City Clerk W. M. Ostenberg ............ Supt. of Schools C. L. Clark ..................... City Attorney H. F. Harper .................... City Engineer Thomas L. Bayne .......... Building Inspector PLANNING AND ZONING COMMISSION William F. Grosser, Jr., Chairman Delbert Miller, Secretary James McKim W. W. Storey Murl Richmond G. N. Waddell Norbert Skelley OTHER CITY OFFICIALS DURING PROGRESS OF THE REPORT Walter R. Leighton ................... Chairman, City Planning and Zoning Commission William F. Ryan Members, City Planning and y l H. C. Logan j Zoning Commission C. E. Hawkes ................ Former Superintendent of Schools 6 TABLE OF tForeword Page No. ' PART I General Considerations ................. 9 History...... ............................... 9 ' Geographical Location ....... . Site and Topography ........................ 9 Climate....... .............................11 Growth of Population ........................11 Racial Composition ..........................11 Distribution and Trend of Population ..........12 Sources of Prosperity ........................12 Cultural and Recreational Advantages .........16 PART 11 Recommendations .....................17 Major and Minor Streets ......................17 Standards for Street & Pavement Widths ...... 17 Present Street Widths and Paved Streets ...... 17 Block Lengths .............................22 Major Street Plan ..........................22 Detailed Description of Major Streets ........... 22 Broadway —U. S. Highway No. 81, By -Pass Route..... .............................22 Ninth Street .. .............................22 Santa Fe Avenue — Claflin Avenue Route ..... 24 East By -Pass Route, Ohio Avenue — Riverside Avenue .......................24 Marymount Road ..........................24 Pacific Avenue —U. S. Highway No. 40......24 North Avenue .............................24 U. S. Highway No. 40 ......................24 State Street —Iron Avenue — Marymount Road — Country Club Road Route .......... 24 South Street . .............................24 Greeley Avenue ..........................24 Crawford Avenue .........................24 Republic Avenue .........................24 Cloud Avenue ............................25 Parkways and Scenic Drives ................25 Schedule of Information on Proposed Major Streets ...........................26 Highway Connections and By- Passes ..........28 CONTENTS Page No. Street Accessories ...........................30 Street Trees . .............................30 Walks...... .............................30 Lighting Standards and Poles ...............32 Overhanging Signs ........................32 Off- Street Parking ......:....................33 Transit........ .............................34 Transportation . .............................36 Railroads .... .............................36 Inter City Bus and Truck Lines ..............36 Aviation.... .............................36 Public Utilities ........... ..................36 Public Property .............................36 Public Buildings ...........................36 Parks, Parkways and Recreational Areas ...... 42 The Value of Parks ......................42 Park and Recreational Standards ..........42 Existing Parks and Extensions ............44 Proposed Parks .........................45 School Sites . .............................47 Accepted Standards in Site Selection ...... 47 Approved Standards for School Ground Development .........................47 Present and Proposed Elementary Schools. .47 Other Public Properties ....................54 Private Property .............................54 Zoning...... .............................54 Control of Land Plats ......................56 Housing..... .............................57 PART III Procedure ............................59 Priority of Projects ........................... 59 Legislation .... .............................59 Conclusion .... .............................60 APPENDICES: A. Planning and Zoning Enabling Act .......... 61 B. Establishment and Improvement of Public Parking Stations ..........................62 C. Off- Street Parking Stations ................63 D. Ordinance Providing for a City Planning Commission .............................63 E. Zoning Ordinance ........................64 F. Rules for Land Platting ....................75 7 PLATES No. Title Page No. 1 Topographical Map ........................10 2 Population Curves .........................11 View Along Smoky Hill River ..................25 3 Distribution of Population ..................12 4 Vacant Property ...........................12 Tree Lined Streets . .............................31 5 Building Permits ..........................13 6 Typical Sections — Primary Major Streets..... 18 7 Typical Sections — Secondary Major Streets ...19 8 Typical Sections —Minor Streets ............20 Dry Creek Bordering Thomas Park ...............43 9 Existing Street Widths .....................22 10 Existing Paved Streets .....................22 11 Major Street Plan ..........................23 Views in Country Club Heights .................58 12 District Highway Plan ...................... 29 13 Off Street Parking .........................34 14 Existing Transit ...........................35 15 Railroad Property ..........................37 16 Water and Sewer Distribution ...............38 17 Civic Center Plan ..........................41 18 Typical Elementary School Ground .........48 19 Existing Elementary Schools ................49 20 Existing and Proposed Elementary Schools ... 50 21 High Schools .............................51 22 Plan for new Salina High School Site ........52 23 Zoning District Map ........................55 24 Summary of Proposed Zoning Regulations .... 57 8 TABLES No. Title Page No. I Per Capita Bank Deposits ..................15 II Comparative Bank Deposits over Twenty Year Period . .............................15 III Postal Receipts ............................16 IV Existing and Proposed Parks and Parkways.... 44 ILLUSTRATIONS Title Page No. Entrance to Memorial Hall ...................... 3 Grain Storage and Flour Milling ................14 Scenes in Central Business District .............. 21 View Along Smoky Hill River ..................25 Trees in Local Business Center ..................30 Lack of Street Trees ............................31 Tree Lined Streets . .............................31 Street Signs ...... .............................32 Public Parking Lots, Kansas City, Kansas .......... 33 U. S. Post Office and Fire Department ............ 39 Court House ...... .............................40 Highway No. 81 through Thomas Park ............ 43 Dry Creek Bordering Thomas Park ...............43 Garden in Oakdale Park ........................45 Smoky Hill River Valley ........................46 Roosevelt Junior High School ....................53 Views in Country Club Heights .................58 1� I Part 1... I' I' GENERAL HISTORY CONSIDERATIONS Some of the earliest exploratory expeditions that penetrated the western plains crossed the lands of present Saline County. First Francisco de Coronado of Spain came in 1541; DeBourgmont of France claimed the area for his country in the early part of the eight- eenth century; and later Zebulon Pike crossed its rivers on his journey to the Rockies. Many migratory Indians hunted buffalo and other game on the Saline County hills and plains, and among them were such tribes as the Cheyenne, Arapahoe, Kiowa and Pawnee. Traces of their tem- porary villages still exist. In the spring of 1858 Colonel William A. Phillips, a native of Scotland, and Alexander Campbell and James Muir, Scotchmen from Lawrence, Kansas, jour - neyed west to the Saline County area and followed the Smoky Hill River to a point where it makes a great bend to the south. Here they drove their stakes and established a townsite of Saliena, named after the salty waters of the Saline River. In later years this name was changed to Salina. In 1859 Saline County was officially organized by the Territorial Legislature, and the same year Salina was incorporated, and designated as the County seat. To Colonel Phillips goes the credit of erecting the first sawmill and grist mill, which industry later be- came the city's leading activity. In 1865 railroad surveyors began laying out the route of the Kansas Pacific Railroad, west from the then existing terminus at Topeka, and Colonel Phil- lips soon convinced the railroad builders that the Smoky Hill valley was the logical route to follow. April 1867 the rails were completed to Salina, with a great celebration and the beginning of a new era of growth and development for the city. Soon another pioneer, F. B. J. Hanna, arrived with type and press and began publishing the Herald, Salina's first news- paper. In 1870 Salina was designated as a city of the third class, with a population of nearly one thousand. During 1871 the Government Land Office was moved from Junction City to Salina, and a new wave of settlers arrived in the area. A steam powered flour mill was opened in 1878, and numerous other in- dustrial firms moved in, until by 1884 Salina had become a grain storage and milling center, with ten grain elevators, and three flour mills. 1886 saw the completion of the Missouri Pacific, with the Chicago Rock Island and Pacific and the Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe in the following year. The decade preceding 1900 did not witness the marked growth of the two previous ten year periods, but following the damaging flood of 1903, industry and trade became more firmly established. From 1915 to 1920 there was another period of vigorous expansion, this time brought about by wheat belt prosperity during World War I. As a result, Salina's population increased to 14,190. GEOGRAPHICAL LOCATION The City of Salina is located approximately fifty miles west of the geographical center of the United States. It is at the junction of two great transcontinental highways, the Meridian Highway, United States No. 81, extending from Winnipeg, Canada to Mexico City; and the east and west highway, United States No. 40. Salina is also located on transcontinental railroad lines. SITE AND TOPOGRAPHY Salina lies in the valley of the Smoky Hill River, four miles southwest of the confluence of that stream and the Saline River. For most part the city is very flat, with the Smoky Hill River winding a course through the eastern section, and thereby making a large part of that area subject to overflow. Dry Creek, located to the west and northwest, carries a wet weather volume of water through Thomas Park on the north to Mulberry Creek, and ultimately into the Saline River. The combined capacity of these two streams is inadequate to cope with abnormally heavy rainy periods; therefore a study of levees for Salina has been made by the U. S. Army Engineers. The top of the Smoky Hill River bank is approximately 1220 feet above sea level, while the southwest corner of the city rises to only 1235 feet. However, the extreme eastern section of the city, lying east of the river, rises sharply to about 1300 feet. Plate No. 1 shows the topographical situation. N PLATE NO. 1— TOPOGRAPHICAL MAP This map shows the flat topography of the main portion of Salina, and the sluggish meander of the Smoky Hill River that retards excess water drainage. It also shows the sharp rise to higher land on the east. 10 i i i i t i 50000 - ■■_� 40000 60000 30000 Es0000 E 30000 20000 lip 20000 10000 9000 10000 6000 9000 7000 6000 6000 7000 5000 6000 40000 5000 ENE 4000 3000 3966 2000 2000 1000 900 000 600 900 700 600 600 700 500 600 400 500 400 300 300 200 200 100 P� 16.1¢ 20 1930 1940 1950 1960 1970 100 POPULATION CURVES 3ALINA .... KANSAS THE CITY PLANNING AND ZONING COMMISSION HARE & HARE CITY PLANNERS KAN S AS C ITY.. MISSOURI. Temperature and Precipitation The following temperature averages are fr PLATE NO. 2— POPULATION CURVES This chart shows past and probable future population. It also shows that there has been a continuous increase in total and native white Population since 1900; and a decline of foreign born and Negro Population from 1920 to 1940. Figures for 1950 are not available, but presumably will follow the same trend. The chart shows a Probable total population of 31,000 to 39,000 in 1970. CLIMATE The climate of Salina is moderate, with an armual mean temperature of 55.9 degrees. Although a high of 118 degrees above, and a low of 31 degrees below zero have been recorded, these extremes are uncom- mon, but sharp changes in temperature occur quite frequently in the winter between the growing sea- sons. The ever changing seasons, typical of the mid- dle west, are invigorating and healthful. The mean temperature for January is 29.7 degrees, with the mean temperature for July, 81 degrees. The average precipitation is 27 inches, and the snowfall average is 20.1 inches, both contributing factors in determin- ing the growth and yield of crops in the area. The growing season, which is from April 23 to October 16, is longer than that of most wheat and corn producing states. om the U. S. Weather Bureau Record of 33 years: Maximum Minimum Spring— March -May 67.3 41.4 Summer —June- August 90.8 64.6 Autumn — September- November 70.1 44.7 Winter— December - February 43.3 19.8 Precipitation averages U. S. Weather Bureau record for 47 years: Spring 7.70 inches Summer 11.10 inches Autumn 5.71 inches Winter 2.43 inches Average annual precipitation 26.94 inches GROWTH OF POPULATION It is a reasonable assumption that Salina is not destined to be a metropolis. However, it is not un- likely that with improved highways and other means of transportation, it may enjoy a healthy and steady increase in population. The purpose of the city plan is not to provide for the needs of a large city, but rather to provide for the convenience and enjoyment of the present citizens and those who may reasonably be expected in the future. The advantages resulting from a carefully planned city will tend to hold the present population, as well as to attract additional citizens. The greatest growth of population, in percentage, was in the decade between 1870 and 1880, as shown on the graph, Population Curves, Plate No. 2. This increase was approximately 238.8 percent. The next greatest percentage increase occurred between 1880 and 1890, when an increase of 97.7 percent was made. Between 1890 and 1900 the only decrease in the his- tory of the city occurred. However, it was very small, amounting to only 1.2 percent. From 1900 to the present time, a steady increase has been maintained, with a population in 1950 of slightly over 26,000; and from this progress it is reasonable to predict a future increase of ten to twenty percent per decade. If a twenty percent per decade increase were realized until 1970, a population of appoximately 39,000 would be reached. However, if the increase was but ten percent per decade, the population in 1970 would be about 31,000. RACIAL COMPOSITION Salina has always been a city of native Americans, with the standard of living characteristic of our coun- try. The foreign born, as well as the negro popula- tion, has never been very great, and has varied only a few hundred in the last fifty years. It is interesting to note from Plate No. 2 that both foreign and negro population are decreasing, while the native born white is in a steady and rapid increase. For this 11 ■■_� PLATE NO. 2— POPULATION CURVES This chart shows past and probable future population. It also shows that there has been a continuous increase in total and native white Population since 1900; and a decline of foreign born and Negro Population from 1920 to 1940. Figures for 1950 are not available, but presumably will follow the same trend. The chart shows a Probable total population of 31,000 to 39,000 in 1970. CLIMATE The climate of Salina is moderate, with an armual mean temperature of 55.9 degrees. Although a high of 118 degrees above, and a low of 31 degrees below zero have been recorded, these extremes are uncom- mon, but sharp changes in temperature occur quite frequently in the winter between the growing sea- sons. The ever changing seasons, typical of the mid- dle west, are invigorating and healthful. The mean temperature for January is 29.7 degrees, with the mean temperature for July, 81 degrees. The average precipitation is 27 inches, and the snowfall average is 20.1 inches, both contributing factors in determin- ing the growth and yield of crops in the area. The growing season, which is from April 23 to October 16, is longer than that of most wheat and corn producing states. om the U. S. Weather Bureau Record of 33 years: Maximum Minimum Spring— March -May 67.3 41.4 Summer —June- August 90.8 64.6 Autumn — September- November 70.1 44.7 Winter— December - February 43.3 19.8 Precipitation averages U. S. Weather Bureau record for 47 years: Spring 7.70 inches Summer 11.10 inches Autumn 5.71 inches Winter 2.43 inches Average annual precipitation 26.94 inches GROWTH OF POPULATION It is a reasonable assumption that Salina is not destined to be a metropolis. However, it is not un- likely that with improved highways and other means of transportation, it may enjoy a healthy and steady increase in population. The purpose of the city plan is not to provide for the needs of a large city, but rather to provide for the convenience and enjoyment of the present citizens and those who may reasonably be expected in the future. The advantages resulting from a carefully planned city will tend to hold the present population, as well as to attract additional citizens. The greatest growth of population, in percentage, was in the decade between 1870 and 1880, as shown on the graph, Population Curves, Plate No. 2. This increase was approximately 238.8 percent. The next greatest percentage increase occurred between 1880 and 1890, when an increase of 97.7 percent was made. Between 1890 and 1900 the only decrease in the his- tory of the city occurred. However, it was very small, amounting to only 1.2 percent. From 1900 to the present time, a steady increase has been maintained, with a population in 1950 of slightly over 26,000; and from this progress it is reasonable to predict a future increase of ten to twenty percent per decade. If a twenty percent per decade increase were realized until 1970, a population of appoximately 39,000 would be reached. However, if the increase was but ten percent per decade, the population in 1970 would be about 31,000. RACIAL COMPOSITION Salina has always been a city of native Americans, with the standard of living characteristic of our coun- try. The foreign born, as well as the negro popula- tion, has never been very great, and has varied only a few hundred in the last fifty years. It is interesting to note from Plate No. 2 that both foreign and negro population are decreasing, while the native born white is in a steady and rapid increase. For this 11 reason the negro population involves no major prob- lem in the city's development. The present negro population is concentrated chiefly in the northeast section of the city. DISTRIBUTION AND TREND OF POPULATION The present distribution of population, as well as the trend of growth, has an important bearing upon all phases of the city development. A map has been prepared giving the population distribution for Salina (Plate No. 3). This shows that the greatest density is in the southwest section of the city. However, this section shows no extreme concentration, and the entire developed portion of the city, aside from busi- ness and industrial sections, is fairly uniform. The built -up or occupied areas are reflected by the Vacant Property Map (Plate No. 4). This map shows the extent of vacant areas around the edge of the city, the major ones being in the east and southeast sec- tions, mostly on lower ground. The trend of residential, business and industrial development is shown graphically on Plate No. 5, by the location of structures for which building per- mits were issued between May 5, 1944 and May 5, 1949. For permanent residences the trend is to the south. However, considerable residential develop- ment occurred in the northwest sector. It is gratifying to note a filling in with residential structures of vacant lots throughout the city. New business structures were concentrated in the central business area and also north of the railroad tracks. SOURCES OF PROSPERITY Located in the hard wheat land empire of America, grain storage and flour milling are Salina's foremost industries. Grain storage elevators have space for 6,000,000 bushels of wheat, while five large flour mills have a daily capacity of 10,000 barrels. This high figure places Salina sixth in America in the production of flour. Recognized as a wholesale and retail center for central and northwest Kansas, products manufactured in Salina include farm implements, playground equip- ment, cement products, metal products, packing house products, flour mill machinery, tents and awn- ings, mattresses, leather goods, brick and tile, har- ness, furnaces, pumps, truck and trailer bodies, books, PLATE NO. 3— DISTRIBUTION OF POPULATION This map shows the greatest concentration of population to be in the southwest section of the city, with a fairly uniform distribution over the remainder of the city, except in business and industrial districts. 12 PLATE NO. 4— VACANT PROPERTY This map shows that the city is consistently built up, with little vacant property except on the edges, being mostly lower or broken land. I i CITY PLAN SALI NA KANSAS PLATE NO. 5— BUILDING PERMITS The trend of growth in Salina between 1944 and 1949 is shown graphically on this map. The greater trends of residential growth were in the south and north- west sections of the city. Business and industrial construction was mostly in established districts, showing the advantages of zoning in the past. 13 stationery, optical goods, etc. Salina is also a distribu- tion center for automobiles and supplies, trucks, farm machinery, hardware, plumbing, electrical, lumber and building supplies, feed, and similar products. Salina's transportation needs are served by the Union Pacific, Santa Fe, Missouri Pacific and Rock Island Railroads. A convenient municipal airport ad- joins the southeast edge of the city, with daily sche- duled passenger flights on the Continental Air Lines, as well as considerable private flying. Many highway bus and transport lines carry additional passengers and commodities on paved highways that connect with the principal cities of the state and the United States. The following tables show comparative figures for per capita bank deposits, total bank deposits, and postal receipts for Salina, in relation to nine other cities of comparable population in the region: Table I Page 15 Table II Page 15 Table III Page 16 Table I shows that Salina stood eighth in per capita deposits in 1930., but held third place in 1950. Table II indicates that the percentage of increase in bank deposits in Salina has been more than in most of the other cities in this group during the period be- tween 1930 and 1940, and was exceeded in only one instance during the period 1940 to 1950. Table III shows that Salina was fifth in this group in percentage of increase in postal receipts between 1930 and 1950. Salina is a leader in grain storage and flour milling. 14 City KANSAS Coffeyville Leavenworth Pittsburg SALINA MISSOURI Columbia Sedalia NEBRASKA Grand Island Hastings OKLAHOMA Bartlesville Ponca City 14,962 4,417,240 295.23 20,806 5,019,460 241.25 18,041 8,768,430 486.02 15,487 5,427,280 350.00 14,745 9,735,420 660.25 15,833 4,549,870 287.36 18,399 7,028,000 381.97 20,428 4,202,000 205.69 19,130 8,022,000 419.34 15,145 4,024,000 265.69 16,267 12,594,000 774.20 16,794 5,015,000 298.02 31,731 26,080,000 821.90 20,269 15,671,000 773.15 22,835 27,329,000 1196.80 20,108 18,865,000 938.18 19,262 42,234,000 2192.60 20,185 20,384,000 1009.85 TABLE II COMPARATIVE BANK DEPOSITS OVER TWENTY -YEAR PERIOD TABLE I Percentage Percentage PER CAPITA BANK DEPOSITS of Increase/ of Increase/ City Pop. 930 Deposits Per Capita Pop. 940 De Deposits Per Capita Pop. 1950 Deposits Per Capita 16,188 17,449 4,017,880 8,849,910 248.20 507.18 17,355 19,220 4,983,000 287.12 17,114 13,957,000 815.53 18,051 6,006,360 332.74 17,571 6,550,000 4,770,000 340.79 271.47 20,543 19,371 15,984,000 16,320,000 778.07 20,156 5,698,460 282.71 21,073 6,835,000 324.34 26,141 30,258,000 842.49 1157.49 14,962 4,417,240 295.23 20,806 5,019,460 241.25 18,041 8,768,430 486.02 15,487 5,427,280 350.00 14,745 9,735,420 660.25 15,833 4,549,870 287.36 18,399 7,028,000 381.97 20,428 4,202,000 205.69 19,130 8,022,000 419.34 15,145 4,024,000 265.69 16,267 12,594,000 774.20 16,794 5,015,000 298.02 31,731 26,080,000 821.90 20,269 15,671,000 773.15 22,835 27,329,000 1196.80 20,108 18,865,000 938.18 19,262 42,234,000 2192.60 20,185 20,384,000 1009.85 TABLE II COMPARATIVE BANK DEPOSITS OVER TWENTY -YEAR PERIOD IS Percentage Percentage of Increase/ of Increase/ City 1930 1935 1940 1945 1950 Decrease Decrease KANSAS 1930 -1940 1940 -1950 Coffeyville Leavenworth 4,017,880 8,849,910 3,419,000 6,686,000 4,983,000 6,550,000 15,041,000 13,957,000 24% 144% Pittsburgh 6,006,360 3,960,000 4,770,000 14,380,000 14,329,000 15,984,000 16,320,000 —25% 142% SALINA 5,698,460 5,881,000 6,835,000 24,772,000 30,258,000 _20% 19% 242% MISSOURI 342% Columbia Sedalia 4,417,240 5,019,460 4,556,000 2,613,000 7,028,000 17,496,000 26,080,000 59% 271% NEBRASKA 4,202,000 12,868,000 15,671,000 _16% 272% Grand Island Hastings 8,768,430 5,427,280 8,531,000 3,465,000 8,022,000 22,750,000 27,329,000 240% OKLAHOMA 4,024,000 18,669,000 18,865,000 -25% 368% Bartlesville Ponca City 9,735,420 4,549,870 9,046,000 6,390,000 12,594,000 5,015,000 27,166,000 42,234,000 29% 14,470,000 20,384,000 10% 306% 306% IS TABLE III Pop. Postal Per City 1930 Receipts Capita KANSAS Coffeyville 16,188 77,874.27 4.81 Leavenworth 17,449 77,617.00 4.44 Pittsburg 18,051 93,578.92 5.18 SALINA 20,156 215,305.79 10.68 MISSOURI Pop. Postal Per Columbia 14,962 157,482.48 10.52 Sedalia 20,806 121,036.25 5.81 NEBRASKA 77,690.81 4.47 17,114 Grand Island 18,041 152,801.00 8.46 Hastings 15,487 134,674.22 8.69 OKLAHOMA 73% 17,571 97,898.04 Bartlesville 14,745 165,170.11 11.20 Ponca City 15,833 91,756.29' 5.79 'Postal Receipts for 1931. 403,704.26 15.44 TABLE III POSTAL RECEIPTS % Increase in Postal Pop. Postal Per Pop. Postal Per Receipts 1940 Receipts Capita 1950 Receipts Capita 1930/1950 17,355 77,690.81 4.47 17,114 138,662.15 8.10 78% 19,220 83,285.57 4.33 20,543 134,481.47 6.54 73% 17,571 97,898.04 5.57 19,371 181,404.66 9.36 93% 21,073 183,292.77 8.69 26,141 403,704.26 15.44 87% 18,399 227,457.84 12.36 31,731 491,819.83 15.49 212% 20,428 117,922.64 5.77 20,269 210,417.34 10.38 73% 19,130 155,969.00 8.15 22,835 308,213.87 13.49 101% 15,145 143,068.17 9.44 20,108 236,648.37 11.76 75% 16,267 158,587.33 9.74 19,262 304,750.54 15.82 84% 16,794 120,143.49 7.15 20,185 223,583.90 11.07 143% CULTURAL AND RECREATIONAL ADVANTAGES In addition to the system of public schools of ele- mentary and high school grades, hereafter discussed under "Schools ", and one parochial school, Salina ranks high in additional educational opportunities offered by: St. John's Military Academy, with its fifty acre campus, founded in 1887; Marymount College, a Roman Catholic boarding school for girls, estab- lished in 1922 by the Sisters of St. Joseph; and Kansas Wesleyan University, a coeducational Methodist in- stitution. There are a great number of churches in the city, representing almost every denomination. Many of the churches have modern, well equipped buildings, 16 and are carrying on comprehensive programs of re- ligious activities. Recreational opportunities are provided in Salina's beautiful parks and swimming pools, and boating on the Smoky Hill River. The present park facilities comprise about 175 acres. Supervised summer recre- ation at elementary school grounds is provided, with two soft ball fields lighted for evening play. For those who like professional baseball, the Salina Blue Jays use the lighted athletic field in the fairground part of Kenwood Park in the summer. A lighted football field is maintained in Kenwood Park in addition to the professional baseball field. For the golf enthusiasts, their needs are partially met at two private eighteen hole courses, the Salina Country Club, and Northview Country Club. i i i i i i i i i i i i Part 2... RECOMMENDATIONS In Part I of this report, data and plans are presented showing existing conditions in Salina. Part II will give recommendations for the improvement of the city. These recommendations will be classified under three main topics: (1) Circulation and Communication: Streets, Bus and Truck Routes, and Railroads; (2) Pub- lic Property: Public Buildings, Parks, Recreational Areas, and Schools; and (3) Private Property: Zoning and Control of Land Plats, and Housing. MAJOR AND MINOR STREETS The purpose of a system of major thoroughfares is to provide, on designated through arteries, for the ever increasing number of motor vehicles. These streets should be of adequate width and direct align- ment, and should be properly spaced throughout the street system. On such streets through traffic can flow efficiently under proper control, and thus relieve minor streets of all except local traffic. Minor resi- dential streets, thus freed from unnecessary traffic. become more quiet, as well as safer. Traffic controls by means of stop signs, stop lights, and parking limitations, can increase vehicular flow, and in some cases avoid expensive widenings, but such control should be based upon a comprehensive major street plan. The principal function of minor streets is to provide access to private property within the various neigh- borhoods. Such streets can be developed with less expensive types of paving and curbs than that re- quired for major thoroughfares, but a city cannot be considered satisfactorily improved until all the streets in the developed areas are provided with paving, curbs and storm water sewers. Standards for Street and Pavement Widths The Typical Street Sections, Plates Nos. 6, 7, and 8, show the proposed arrangement of roadways, walks and other features in the various classes of streets. Recommendations made for roadway widths are based on lines of traffic. Eight feet is used as the width required for parallel parked vehicles and ten feet for moving vehicles. On high speed highways outside the city, eleven or twelve feet is needed. In most cities a twenty -six foot paving, providing three lanes —one moving and two parked —is con- sidered sufficient for purely local streets in detached residence districts; however in Salina the established minimum for such streets is thirty -two feet. This width provides for four lanes instead of three —two seven ,foot lanes for parking and two nine foot lanes for moving traffic. While these lane widths are slightly below the recommended standards, experience proves that they operate with reasonable satisfaction on minor streets, and the extra lane has advantages at times. This standard has therefore been adopted in this report. In some cases less than thirty -two feet, without curb, will serve in outlying areas, until the development justifies widening. Any street that will carry through traffic, or will be apt to have apartments or multiple houses, should provide a minimum of four lanes of standard width, or thirty -six to forty feet for the roadway. Major streets, requiring roadways of greater width than needed for local traffic, should provide an even number of lanes. Thirty -six feet will allow for two moving and two parked lanes; or forty feet will pro- vide four moving lanes. Fifty -six feet will provide for two lines of parked vehicles, and four lanes for mov- ing traffic between. This is a desirable minimum for business districts. Salina is fortunate in having all streets in and adjacent to the central business district, and the North Salina business district, as well as the light and heavy industrial areas adjoining, of suf- ficient width to handle normal traffic in all areas. Present Street Widths and Paved Streets The width of a street is the distance between prop- erty lines, as distinct from the paving or roadway width. As shown on the plan of "Existing Street Widths ", Plate No. 9, Salina fortunately has in almost all cases streets of sufficient width to allow for the construction of roadways wide enough to take care of traffic needs, and proper provision for walks and trees. In a few cases isolated sections of unnecessarily wide streets show lack of coordinated planning in the past. The pattern of existing paving is shown on Plate No. 10. In general the older sections of the city are served better than the newer developments. This "Ex- isting Paved Streets" map shows many improved streets in north, east and southwest sections. Present paving should not be allowed to influence the location of major streets, for they should be planned so as to serve adequately the traffic needs of the city as a whole, regardless of present conditions. 17 TYPICAL STREET SECTIONS SALI N A • KANSAS PREPARED FOR THE CITY PLANNING AND ZONING COMMISSION HARE d HARE CITY PLANNERS KANSAS CITY, MISSOURI MAJOR STREETS ...... 6 OR 8 LANES '• "RiMO _ I=• +. _le' — �o'— 10'--10 " - -10'- -10``6' 12' o I0 ' IOOFOOT PRIMARY THOROUGHFARE IN IN 6 LANES RESIDENTIAL BUSINESS DISTRICT DISTRICT i�s"'LIOt 10't — 10'�-10, t 8'4— 13 z 4 V zz -- �� 56' 100' 100 FOOT PRIMARY THOROUGHFARE 40 FOOT PAYING WHERE PARKING NOT REOU18ED IN IN 6 LANES RESIDENTIAL BUSIN ESS DISTRICT DISTRICT 9'".' 10'- I- �o-•}- 10'- f- lo' -�-e, T �4' S6' 2 e0' 80 FOOT .PRIMARY THOROUGHFARE 40 FOOT PAYING WHERE PARKING NOT REQUIRED �.. ~ U TREES IN OPENINGS IN WALK (4', 6') •'� 6 LANES so' 80FOOT PRIMARY THOROUGHFARE IN LOCAL BUSINESS.OISTRICT PLATE NO. 6— TYPICAL SECTIONS — PRIMARY MAJOR 5TttkX -1-s This drawing shows typical cross sections for the development of major streets, both in residential and business districts. It is based on lane widths of ten feet for moving traffic and eight feet for parking. 18 i i i i i i i i i i i i i i TYPICAL STREET SECTIONS SALI NA KANSAS PMEPARCD EOM THE CITY PLANNING AND ZONING COMMISSION HARE 6 HARE CITY PLANNERS. KANSAS CITY, MISSOURI MAJOR STREETS TREES SPACED •!wM14✓N' ALTERNATELY N ROWS 1I 2 LANES 2 LANES 5' 14 14' 12' +12' a' 12 • 12' I4' 4• +3• 23' 54' 23 100' BY PASS ROUTE 4 LANES TREES SPACED ALTERNATELY IN ROWS 5r4= .11:13' —e =10= 10'x- IO' —aa0 1 1:13'�a LS' 20 =22' Ja -40' � 2022' eo' 80FOOT SECONDARY THOROUGHFARE IN RE51DENTIAL DISTRICT N N sU31NE IT 4 LANES gC31DENTIAL STRIDISTRICT T15 9-10' 10' 1� i- -i-- o'�s' -I ' r -10 +o• 3a-40' a0' -90' 60 To 70 FOOT SECONDARY THOROUGHFARE �hifas9. 2 LANES l0• -30•� ° .2'—J—. 2' V 10.30' le' -3e' 24' a -3e• a Oro 100' 60 TO 100 FOOT SECONDARY THOROUGHFARE IN SPARSLY DEVELOPED AREAS ' PLATE NO. 7— TYPICAL SECTIONS — SECONDARY MAJOR STREETS This drawing shows typical cross sections for the development of Secondary Major Streets. 19 TYPICAL STREET SECTIONS SALINA - KANSAS I—D — THE CITY PLANNING AND ZONING COMMISSION HARE & HARE CITY PLANNERS. KANSAS CITY. MISSOURI MINOR RESIDENTIAL STREETS T-1 *� 4 LANES 4 L 60'i0 T0' TYPICAL 6OTo70 FOOT STREET ONE AND TWO FAMILY HOUSE DISTRICTS M Opp 1 LANES T 1 =1714- ; 22T7� IC� 3 , ".80" TYPICAL WTOW FOOT STREET APARTMENT DISTRICTS PLATE NO. 8—TYPICAL SECTION—MINOR STREETS This drawing shows typical cross sections for the development of minor resi- dential streets. A thirty-two foot paving is the minimum for local traffic in single family districts, regardless of width of right of way. In apartment districts or on streets carrying more than local traffic, a thirty-six foot paving is desirable. 20 Scenes in the Central Business District. showing ample street width. 21 DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF MAJOR STREETS Broadway - U. S. Highway No. 81 Illliuuuuni■ frnnuluuRUi� uuunnnnun■ �,y 11111 It e �nnn a nnnl ml • ., II �1111111111 °'= !G>iIIIR�I�•irnnn � _ �' h?��Iuil�j�jjlllllllllllll 1'1�14�4�t,,. „ = � �iIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII�'Ifllll�4l =r I: =.11,11 , RII, I�0�5 ('11= I- `- '.Illllllllr_- Ildldll :• 11� �Lr• - ii VC ' , ■III IIIIIIIIIIIID'�" yuul _ Illllllllllllln' Ilillllla' EX ST I H G STREET WIDTHS PLATE NO. 9— EXISTING STREET WIDTHS Street widths, that is the distance between property lines, are in almost all cases sufficient to allow the construction of paving of adequate width to meet traffic needs, together with proper provision for walks and trees. Block Lengths Block lengths in several sections of Salina are greater than in most cities. This is an advantage in the residential areas, where even larger blocks would be in conformity with present practice. However, in the central business district shorter blocks would provide more comer locations and better circulation between adjacent streets, thus tending to a better integrated district. However, the cost of additional cross streets at this time would be very great, and probably not worth the advantages of better circula- tion and more corner locations. By -Pass Route This thoroughfare is an important by -pass route for heavy traffic not wishing to go through the central area of the city. At the present time it is known as U. S. Highway No. 81 By -Pass. For most of the dis- tance, the right of way is of sufficient width. However, it is recommended that a dual roadway, twenty -four feet each in width, with a six foot medial strip, be constructed from Walnut Street south and south- east to Ninth Street. This dual roadway, together with provisions for limited access from private prop- erty would facilitate the movement of heavy traffic for the major portion of this thoroughfare. Major Street Plan The Major Street pattern, as shown on Plate No. 11, when developed, will do much to improve traffic conditions in Salina. This plan shows a comprehen- sive system of main traffic routes, including highway by- passes with indications for streets of sufficient width, streets to be widened, and streets to be opened. It also shows the relation of these streets to present and proposed parks and other public or semi - public property. 22 Ninth Street This street is the only continuous north and south artery entirely through the city. For a short distance it borders the central business area, and therefore serves as the main relief route for Santa Fe Avenue. The right of way is of sufficient width, except for a section that passes through the proposed local busi- PLATE NO. 10— EXISTING PAVED STREETS This map shows that the existing paved streets are generally in the older sections of the city. Additional paving wil a required to serve the newer neighborhoods. Some new pa 1�I being com- pleted in these new residential areas. i i i i i I I i i i i rLHrt NV. 11 —MAJOR STREET PLAN This map shows a proposed comprehensive system of major streets and high- ways; also the relation of these streets to present and proposed parks and other public and semi - public property. 23 ness district immediately north of Cloud Street. It is recommended, however, that the paving width be standardized in accordance with the schedule. Santa Fe Avenue- Claflin Avenue Route Santa Fe Avenue is the main north and south artery through the central business area. From Pacific Ave- nue on the north to Claflin Avenue on the south, it is designated as a major street. The right of way is sufficient, and in most cases the paving is wide enough. However, because of delays and congestion, due to train movements and switching on the numer- ous tracks between Lincoln Avenue and Pine Street, it is recommended that a grade separation be con- structed. Because of the obstruction of Santa Fe Ave- nue at the south end by the Kansas Wesleyan Uni- versity, Claflin Street is used as a connection to Ninth Street. The paving on Claflin should be widened to fifty -six feet. East By -Pass Route Ohio Avenue - Riverside Avenue In order to provide a route which would by -pass the business district on the east, and provide a much needed north and south connection in the easterly section of the city, it is recommended that a new thoroughfare be constructed starting at Ninth Street immediately north of Thomas Park, and progressing southeast through open territory to Ohio Avenue. This route would then follow Ohio Avenue to Greeley Avenue, and thence through open land to Riverside Avenue, following this street approximately four blocks to the south. The completion of the by -pass route would be on a diagonal to the southwest to intersect with Highway No. 81. This thoroughfare should be one hundred feet in width throughout, and should provide two 24 foot pavings, with a six -foot medial strip. A by -pass route of this type would not only serve to relieve the traffic on the downtown streets, but would also serve as a connection to Highway No. 40. Marymount Road This secondary thoroughfare starts immediately south of the Country Club near the east side of the city, and runs south past Crawford Avenue. It pro- vides a connection between several east and west major streets. Pacific Avenue -U. S. Highway No. 40 One of the most heavily traveled streets of Salina is the portion of Pacific Avenue through the north section of the city, which is the route of U. S. High- way No. 40. The right of way should be widened from Front Street east into the county, with two 24 foot pavings, and a six foot medial strip. The paving from Ninth Street to Front Street, being bordered by busi- ness on both sides, should be widened to fifty -six feet North Avenue North Avenue is an important east and west street although it is quite congested and indirect in th vicinity of the railroad tracks and industrial activitie 24 near Ninth Street. It is, however, recommended that although the right of way cannot be widened, the paving width be widened, as indicated by the sche- dule, and the traffic controlled by parking regulations. U. S. Highway No. 40 This route has been partially covered as a combina- tion of Broadway and Pacific Avenue for most of the distance through the city. However, the segment lying west of the city and running northeast from State Street to Broadway, should be developed with two 24 foot pavings and a six foot medial strip. This development, together with that mentioned under the discussion of Pacific Avenue, would provide dual roadways. State Street-iron Avenue - Marymount Road - County Club Road Route This is the most centrally located east and west thoroughfare throughout the entire city, since it passes through the heart of the central business area. It now carries considerable traffic, not only from west of the city, but also from the east. For most of the distance the right of way is of sufficient width, but paving widths are inadequate. Beginning at the intersection of State Street and Highway No. 40, this route follows State Street east to College Street, where a diagonal is recommended to the southeast to an intersection with Iron Avenue. This diagonal route would facilitate the movement of traffic by eliminating the present right angle turns. The two places recommended for widening along this route are in the vicinity of the recommended business zones, one near Broadway, and one near Delaware Avenue. South Street South Street would form a secondary east and west thoroughfare through a portion of the city, and should be developed with a thirty -six foot paving throughout. Between U. S. Highway No. 81 By -Pass and the Mis- souri Pacific Railroad tracks, the street should be opened to a width of eighty feet. Greeley Avenue Greeley Avenue, lying in the east section of the city, would be a secondary thoroughfare connecting the East By -Pass Route with Marymount Road. The right of way should be widened to sixty feet, and a thirty -six foot paving constructed. Crawford Avenue Crawford Avenue, like Iron Avenue, is a continu- ous east and west route through the city. Since most of this route is in residential areas, it is not recom- mended that any extensive widening be done. How- ever, a paving, as shown on the major street schedule, m should be constructed. Republic Avenue Republic Avenue is a secondary east and west thoroughfare through the city, and is located in the south residential section. It is of sufficient width. How- e ever, the varied widths of paving should be standard- s ized. i i i i i i i i Cloud Avenue Cloud Avenue is a secondary connection between U. S. Highway No. 81 By -Pass and the recommended East By -Pass. At the present time it is not paved. This should be done in accordance with recommended widths. Parkways and Scenic Drives While parks and recreational areas are covered in another part of this report, boulevards and parkways are so closely related to the main thoroughfares that they are discussed at this point. Scenic Drives Salina now lacks scenic drives connecting the major park areas. A proposed route for such a drive is partially shown on the Major Street Plan, Plate No. 11. This route, following in part existing streets, would preserve or reclaim, and make available the natural beauty of the stream, which is one of the important assets of Salina. It is more fully described as follows: Starting at the east end of Johnstown Avenue and the Smoky Hill River; thence northwesterly along the river to Elm Street at Ohio; thence following Elm Street and Des Moines Avenue, to miss some new houses; thence along Riverside Boulevard to River- side Park; thence south on Oakdale Avenue to Elm Street; thence along the Smoky Hill River (to be opened) to Ash and Front Streets. Throughout this section of the route, any privately owned land be- tween the platted streets and the southerly bank of the river should be acquired, as well as a narrow strip along the northerly bank for protection of the scenery. At Elm Street and Des Moines Avenue, where new houses will interfere with the location of the drive adjacent to the river, the immediate bank of the river should be controlled. From Ash and Front Streets, the route would proceed south on Front to Oakdale Park entrance; thence looping through Oak- dale Park to the east end of Oakdale Drive; thence over the bridge into Kenwood Park, and through Ken - wood Park to Center Street exit; thence southerly on Front Street to a point approximately three hundred feet south of Prescott; thence easterly along Smoky Hill River in proposed park land to Crawford Avenue bridge; thence along easterly and northerly side of river past the east proposed by -pass and returning to this by -pass near Stack Avenue; thence north to a point approximately one hundred fifty feet south of Gypsum Avenue; thence west on new right of way to Kansas Avenue; thence on Smoky Hill Drive to Oakdale or Kenwood Parks. The length of such scenic route would be about eight miles. There are numer- ous possibilities for detailed design to develop the beauty of this project. View along The Smoky Hill River southeast from Ohio Street —a part of the proposed Scenic Drive. 25 SCHEDULE OF INFORMATION ON PROPOSED MAJOR STREETS 80 80 Street Width Roadway Width Street Location Present Proposed Present Proposed Broadway -U. S. From Pacific Ave. and 80 80 46_.5 56 Highway No. 81 Ninth St. to N. end of 80 80 40 56 By -Pass Route viaduct at Logan St. 80 90 46.5 46.5 Across viaduct to Ash St 80 83 40 40 To 100' S. of State St. 70 70 40 56 To 100' S. of Marietta Ave. 70 70 20 56 To Walnut St. 70 80 20 56 South and Southeast to 2200' south of city limits 100 100 20 2 -24' paving 6' m-.dial striF Ninth St. City limits to 75' N. of Inez Ave. Antrim Ave. 60 80 80 80 46.5 46.5 46.5 56 To 100' N. of Pacific 80 _046.55 36 46.5 Wdland Ave. Tci 200' S. of oo 80 80 46_.5 56 To Elm St. 80 80 46.5 46.5 To 100' N. of Ash 90 90 46.5 46.5 To State St. 90 90 46.5 56 To Iron Ave. 74 74 36.3 56 To 100' S. of Iron Ave. 78 78 36 56 To Walnut St. 78 78 36 36 To South St. 80 80 36 36 To 200'N. of Crawford Ave. 64 64 36 36 To 150' S. of Crawford Ave. 64 80 36 56 To Republic Ave. To Alley S. of Jewell Ave. To Cloud Ave. (City Limits) 65 70 70 65 70 80 36 36 35 -36 36 36 56 To Intersection with No. 81 By -Pass 60 60 20 40 Santa Fe Ave: From Pacific Ave. to Claflin Ave. proposed viaduct 100' N. Route of Lincoln Ave. 100 100 67.3 76 Across viaduct to 100' S. of Pine St. 100 100 67.3 40 on viaduct 2 -20 on grade To 310' S. of South St. To Claflin Ave. 100 100 100 100 60.3 60.3 76 60.3 On Claflin Highland Ave. To Ninth St. 110 110 110 110 60 37 60 56 26 �i ' Street Width Roadway Width Street Location Present Proposed Present Proposed i i i i i i i East By -Pass From 500'N. of Thomas Park Route -Ohio Ave: on Ninth St., S.E. on a Riverside Ave. reverse curve to Ohio Ave. Not open 100 Not paved 2 -24 paving 6' medial strip To U.P. R.R. Tracks 50 100 Not paved 2 -24 paving 6' medial strip To Woodland Ave. Not open 100 Not paved 2 -24 paving 6' medial strip To North Ave. 50 100 Not paved 2 -24 paving 6' medial strip To Ash St. 70 100 Not paved 2 -24 paving 6' medial strip To Gypsum Ave. 70 100 37 2 -24 paving 6' medial strip To Greely Ave. 70 100 Not paved 2 -24 paving 6' medial strip To Republic Ave. and Riverside Ave. "o Not open 100 Not paved 2 -24 paving 6' medial strip Z 250'S. of Ellsworth Ave. 40 100 Not paved 2 -24 paving 6' medial strip To Cloud Ave. Not open 100 Not paved 2 -24 p;,ving 6' medial strip S.W. on reverse curve to U. S. Highway No. 81 Not open 100 Not paved 2 -24 paving 6' medial strip Marymount From Iron Ave. Road to Crawford Ave. 60 60 Not paved 24 South into County 60 60 Not paved 24 Pacific Ave.- Ninth St. to Front St. 80 80 40 56 U. S. Highway No. 40 T o Ohio Ave. 60 100 20 2 -24 paving 6' medial strip East one mile on Highway No. 40 50 80 20 2 -24 paving 6' medial strip North Ave. West of City Limits to U. S. No. 40 80 80 20 24 To Broadway 80 100 20 2 -24 paving 6' medial strip To 13th St. 80 80 20 40 To 11th St. 80 80 40.2 40.2 To Santa Fe Ave. _71_____7_0__ Variable 40 To Front St. 80 80 Variable 40 To M.P. R.R. Tracks 75 75 32 40 To Ohio (City Limits) 75 75 Not paved 40 East o n e mile 60 60 Not paved 24 State St.- From U. S. Highway -- Iron Ave: Marymount No. 40 to Dry Creek 66 66 20 40 Rd: Country Club To Clark St. 68 80 36.1 56 To West Place Road Route 68 68 36.1 40 To 150' -±- E. of College St. 80 80 36.1 40 S.E. to Iron Ave. 100' ± W. of Baker St. Not open 80 Not paved 40 o-9- 9`.h St. 100 100 42 42 To Front St. 100 100 60 60 To Delaware Ave. 70 70 37.3 37.3 To 150'E. of Wisconsin Ave. 70 80 20 56 To Marymount Road 70 70 20 40 N. on Marymount Road to Country Club Road 60 60 18 36 E. on Country Club Road - to Hilldale Road 60 60 18 36 27 Street Street Width Location Present Proposed Roadway Width Present Proposed South St. No. 81 By -Pass to M.P. R.R. Tracks (City Limits) Not open 70 Not paved 36 To Baker St. To 12th St. 62 71 62 71 30 30 36 36 To 10th St. To 9th St. 64 58 64 58 30 30 36 36 To 8th St. To Santa Fe St. 80 80 80 80 30 37 36 37 Greely Ave. Ohio to Marymount Road 40 60 Not paved 36 Crawford Ave. From U. S. No. 81 By -Pass to M.P. R.R. Tracks (City Limits) 60 80 Not paved 40 To Phillips St. To 9th St. 65 65 80 65 34.2 34.2 56 34.2 To 4th St. 73 73 34.2 34.2 To Front St. 73 73 Not paved 36 To Proposed East By -Pass- Ext. of Ohio Ave. 60 60 Not paved 36 To Marymount Road 60 60 Not paved 24 Republic Ave. From U. S. No. 81 By -Pass to M.P. R.R. Tracks (City Limits) 81 81 Not paved 36 To 10th St. 81 81 32 36 To 9th St. 64 64 32 36 To Highland Ave. To Santa Fe Ave. 68 33 68 60 32 27 36 36 To 4th St. 78 78 37 37 To Quincy St. To Front St. (City Limits) To Forest Ave. 63 63 53 63 63 60 37 Not paved Not paved 37 36 36 To Riverside Ave. 33 60 Not paved 36 Cloud Ave. U. S. No. 81 By -Pass to 9th St. 50 60 Not paved 36 To Junction with proposed East By -Pass Route 61 61 Not paved 36 U. S. Highway No. 40 From West of City Limits to North Ave. 80 100 20 2-24 paving 6' medial strip HIGHWAY CONNECTIONS AND BY- PASSES In the detailed descriptions of major streets, certain connections with U. S., State, and County Highways are mentioned. The District Highway Plan, Plate No. 12, shows these connections, with recommendations for through truck routes. At the present time much through truck and pas- senger motor car traffic uses the U. S. Highway No. 81 by -pass west of Salina. This route carries all through highway traffic to the intersection of Broadway, Ninth Street and Pacific Avenue. Northbound traffic on U. S. 28 Highway No. 81 flows north on Ninth Street, and east- bound U. S. Highway No. 40 traffic out Pacific Ave- nue. Southbound traffic follows Broadway over the viaduct, and thence down U. S. Highway No. 81 by -pass route. Westbound traffic follows Broadway to North Street, thence west on North Street and on out on U. S. Highway No. 40. The proposed East By -pass route, if constructed, will ease the traffic congestion in the North Salina general. business center somewhat. It will eliminate nearly all through traffic from the south, and all east- bound and southbound traffic from the north. West bound traffic from the north and east -west traffic on DISTRICT MAP SALINA : KANSAS HARE & HARE CITY PLANNERS KANSAS CITY MISSOURI N O I � 5 6 SCALE I N M I LE S DISTRICT ROAD RECOMMENDATIONS FEDERAL AND STATE ..�J..�o-. HIGHWAYS OTHER IMPORTANT ROADS PROPOSED ROADS ........ THROUGH TRUCK ROUTES YLATk; r4Q. IZ— DISTRICT HIGHWAY PLAN On the District Highway Map above, existing and recommended by -pass routes are shown. The proposed East By -pass route will eliminate a large per- centage of the traffic congestion, from the North Salina, Broadway, Ninth Street and Pacific Avenue intersection. 29 U. S. Highway No. 40 will continue to flow through the Broadway, Ninth Street, Pacific Avenue inter- section. STREET ACCESSORIES In addition to fulfilling their utilitarian functions, streets have a great effect on the general appearance of the city. Orderly development of roadways, grass parking strips, walks and street trees, and the design of lighting poles and other accessories, are most important. Street Trees Street trees are an essential requirement for the residential streets, and are being used more ex- tensively in outlying business districts. Therefore ample space should be allowed for planting such trees, either in grass strips between walk and curb in the residential areas, or in openings in walks in local business districts. Except in the case of informal parkways, street trees should be of a uniform species and spacing throughout a street, and should be of a variety which can be trimmed high enough to permit light and air to reach the sidewalk and the street, and not interfere with the street lighting or views out from houses and stores. Except in unusual cases, shrubbery should be eliminated from the spaces between the curbs and walks. Good results can be accomplished only through control by the city of all planting on public right of ways. The city should allow no planting, removal or trimming of street trees, or any other planting on the street right of ways, without a permit. In Salina many of the older residential streets are well planted with rows of street trees which have reached maturity, and add dignity and beauty to the city. These trees have usually been planted close to the sidewalks, and consequently the rows on each side are far enough apart to make a wide shaded avenue. Early residents of the city are to be com- mended upon their foresight in such planting. The value of street trees is illustrated by the accompany- ing pictures. In opening new sections of the city, uniform street tree planting should be required, and in the older districts the trees should be carefully maintained and vacancies filled. Walks The city should exercise control of the material of sidewalks, as well as their width and their grade in Trees are an asset to a local business center. 30 i i i i i i i i i i i The lack of street trees gives a barren effect to an otherwise orderly residential development. Any neighborhood would be proud of a tree lined street such as this. 31 relation to the grade of the street. Breaks in walk grades, material, or width, give a patchwork effect to a street, and for this reason uniform standards should be adopted for the various classes of streets. The location and width of walks for various classes of streets are shown on Plates 6, 7, and 8, Street Cross Sections. Lighting Standards and Poles Lighting standards are the most common street ac- cessory. Simple, dignified designs are available, and are generally no more expensive than the less de- sirable ones. Wherever practicable, electric light and telephone wires should be consolidated onto one set of poles. Light and telephone poles should be placed in alleys, or in residential districts where there are no alleys these poles should be placed on easements along the rear property lines wherever possible. In this way the trees in residential streets will not be damaged by the cutting normally necessary to clear the wires. Overhanging Signs Overhead signs in business districts can detract much from the appearance of a city, making the streets appear narrow and cluttered, and such struc- tures may be dangerous under certain weather con- ditions. The competition between signs, each at- tempting to attract attention from others, by size or spectacular appearance, with one sign blanketing another, tends to defeat the very purpose for which they are erected. There is no inherent right to place such signs over public land, and therefore the com- munity retains full power of control. If allowed, they should be under strict control as to size, extension and structural stability. A municipal art commission, com- posed of qualified citizens, has solved the problem in many cities, and relieved officials of much trouble and embarrassment. Such a commission should also have power of approval of the design of public build- ings, viaducts and bridges, and of any work of art to be placed on public property. Unfortunately there is no legal control, even under the zoning law, of the beauty of design of structures on private property. The appearance of such struc- Overhanging signs of this character should be controlled to avoid a confused and ugly appearance. 32 Overhanging signs are not considered necessary on some of the best business streets in the country. i i i i i i i i i tures, both for residence and business, have a marksd effect on the beauty of a community. The cooperation, good taste, and civic spirit of individual owners is the only hope at the present in combating the ugli- ness for which most American cities are known. OFF - STREET PARKING One of the principal problems in Salina, as in other cities, is provision for adequate automobile parking, particularly in the central business district. Since it is practically impossible to create more parking adjac- ent to the main streets of the central area at this time, the best alternative is to provide parking lots on near- by land. Kansas legislation now authorizes cities of the first class to acquire land for off- street parking through eminent domain and benefit districts. Also cities of the first and second class may acquire, by donation, purchase, or condemnation, off- street park- ing facilities, using current funds, parking meter funds, or general obligation bonds. This legislation appears in the supplement of this report. Kansas City, Kansas has made notable progress in providing park- ing through the eminent domain and benefit district procedure, and it is recommended that Salina take advantage of one of the two acts, mentioned above, and acquire sites immediately adjacent to the main business area. It is recognized that very few lots are now avail- able adjacent to the central business area, but it is quite possible that as buildings become older, and are vacated, they might be razed and the areas used for off - street parking, thereby relieving the congestion now existing on the main business streets. This should be one of the continuing duties of the City Planning and Zoning Commission. There are now 716 parking meters on the down town streets, producing an income of about $42,000 per year. While the parking meters may be extended some, on the other hand some parking space may Public Parking Lot, Kansas City, Kansas Parking lot entrance steps and boundary wall, Kansas City. Kansas. ' Sign showing regulations for parking lot in Kansas City. Kansas. The lot was developed under a benefit district program. Entrances are being developed on rear of buildings adjacent to parking lots. 33 be lost as growing traffic needs will require the elimination of parking on some streets, or a change from diagonal to parallel parking. This action may be delayed longer in Salina than in many cities because of the more generous width of streets. Plate No. 13 shows the principal areas now used for customer, public, or private parking adjacent to the central business district. Numerous small private parking spaces on alleys are not shown. The three PLATE NO. 13— OFF - STREET PARKING This plan shows the location of open spaces presently used for public and private off - street parking; also other areas which might be acquired for municipal parking. 34 commercial lots now open to the public are largely occupied on a monthly basis, with little room for transients. It would be undesirable to have any park- ing lots or garages opening directly on Santa Fe Street because of the traffic congestion, but such facilities on Fifth and Seventh and adjacent streets would be desirable. They should preferably be with- in one thousand feet or less of the shopping district, and not over fifteen hundred feet. Plate No. 13 also shows the location of sites which have been discussed in the past and which seem to fit into the major requirements. However, the exact locations in the end may be partially determined by negotiations on individual pieces of land. The proposed Civic Center development will pro- vide additional daytime parking space reasonably convenient to the downtown district. The proposed Zoning Ordinance for Salina requires off - street parking and loading for future business and industrial structures. However, this does not apply to the central business area. The Ordinance also pro- vides for establishing parking lots in residential dis- tricts adjacent to business districts, under certain re- strictions which will protect the residential districts. With the great increase in the number of automobiles, the maximum of street space is needed for moving vehicles, and streets should not be used for long time car storage. TRANSIT Like most cities in its population class, Salina has abandoned street cars and substituted busses. This simplifies the problem of mass transportation, in that bus routings are flexible, and can be changed in emergencies, or from time to time as the result of experience, and to serve new districts. Also busses loading at the curb clear the center of the street, and make the roadways more useful and efficient. On the basis of one quarter mile or five minutes walk, the present bus routings, Plate No. 14, seem to be serving the present population very satisfactorily. Extensions of the present system should be made when new residential areas are developed, and when the new high school is constructed and in operation. TRANSPORTATION Salina has a satisfactory combination of transporta- tion facilities, by railroad and highway, in addition to limited air service. Railroads Salina is served by four railroad lines, the Union Pacific; Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe; Missouri Pacific; and Chicago, Rock Island and Pacific. The first three have both passenger and freight service; while the Chicago, Rock Island and Pacific has freight service only. All four use the jointly owned Union Station at Thirteenth and Bishop Streets. The tracks are so located as to cause minimum interference with the major streets, except for Santa Fe and Ninth Streets. In order to eliminate delays and congestion caused by the numerous tracks crossing Santa Fe, it is recommended that a grade separation be con- structed of sufficient length to include the existing tracks. At the present time the Union Pacific Railroad has tracks on Fourth Street, extending from its main line at Lincoln Avenue south through the city. The south segment runs through residential sections, and is now seldom used. It is therefore recommended that this line be abandoned south of South Street, and the tracks removed. The north segment should be re- tained in order to serve the Municipal Water Works and the various industries between there and Lincoln Avenue. Inter City Bus and Truck Lines Continental Trailways and Southwestern Grey- hound Bus Lines, with their heavy daily schedules, provide good inter -city passenger service. In addition to the passenger lines, Salina is served by seven truck routes between Kansas City and Salina; and also numerous trans - continental routes. The Kansas City - Salina lines have a daily schedule of two to four trips each daily, thereby carrying con- siderable freight. 1he trans - continental lines include: The Pacific Inter- Mountain Express, with about twen- ty -four trips each way daily; the Denver, Chicago Trucking Company, with approximately twelve; the Riss Company, and the Watson Brothers Transporta- tion Company, who operate six lines each daily. In ad- dition to these regular lines, there are numerous household movers, and also a number of truck lines catering to the transporation of cattle and livestock. It can therefore be seen that Salina is a very im- portant point in trans - continental truck transportation, inasmuch as most of these lines stop for supplies and service enroute. Recommended through truck routes are shown on Plate No. 12. Aviation Salina has two airfields, the Government owned 36 Great Smoky Hiil Airbase to the southwest, and the Municipal Airport southeast of the city. The latter is located south of Crawford Avenue and one quarter mile east of Marymount Road. There is now only a north -south runway 4800 feet long. By closing Craw- ford Avenue, this could be extended north to a total of 6800 feet, and a northeast - southwest, and north- west- southeast runway could be added. The former would have a length of 4500 feet, and the latter 6000 feet. Also additional hangars and shop repair facilities are planned. The airport elevation is approximately one hundred feet higher than the lower bottoms of the Smoky Hill River, or 1320 feet above sea level. The Smoky Hill Airbase was originally constructed for the training of B -29 crews for service in the Pacific in World War II. For a while after the war, it was designated as a permanent installation, but, due to pressure to reduce military expenditures, was later placed on the inactive stand -by list of training fields. However, it is quite possible that present international developments may cause this large training center to reopen, thereby adding to Salina's increasing pros- perity. PUBLIC UTILITIES The water and sewer map, Plate No. 16, shows that Salina is adequately served in the populated areas by both water and sanitary sewer. The sewage is treated at the Municipal Plant before entering the Smoky Hill River downstream from the city. Because of the fiat topography, pumping stations must be used to carry the sewage to the disposal plant. Salina's water source is from wells within the city. The water would be classified as hard, and a slight briny taste is evident. PUBLIC PROPERTY One of the greatest opportunities to express the civic pride of a community is through the adequate provision for, and the careful planning and mainten- ance of, the public properties of the city. Attractive public buildings, and well maintained schools, play- grounds, and parks, indicate the interest of the citi- zens, and make a city a desirable place in which to live. Public Buildings The design and setting of public buildings can contribute much to the beauty and dignity of a city. In cases where it is reasonable to locate several such buildings in one group, there is a cumulative value in the beauty produced, as well as practical conven- ience if the buildings have related activities. Many cities have grouped such buildings into so- called Civic Centers, and in some cases in both small and large cities, have produced imposing results. Administrative buildings for a municipality should CITY PLAN SALI NA • KANSAS PLATE NO. 15— RAILROAD PROPERTY The land owned by the various railroads is indicated on the map above. Fortunately the tracks are so located as to cause a minimum interference in the street pattern of the city, except on certain north and south streets. 37 CITY PLAN SALI NA • KANSAS PLATE NO. 16 —WATER AND SEWER DISTRIBUTION This map shows that developed sections of Salina are well served by water and sewers. 38 United States Post Office New Fire Department Headquarters 39 AL S A L I W A P 1 0.t p r o' T, F - - r - -J n E IL '. ELAA_ .5 TF1E -ET _ - r-� -�1 J ►aACr - l L_ __�- __ •Yw�uG aA P-4-- T r-II � l04 CAap Q4 Lam. /rt♦�Ijjj, Yll r�rl��Clb • r-'. � G o U.LI T AIL ZIS�r_jr_T�SLi/ 1"' ¢� M AA L L O -J n Fl ri L _■ �/' 1 1 LI O R T N ■ J ASH S T6SE F--T L� L_J -40 -- L_ gTPI ITT .I r . S T U D Y vo LOCATIOM- of- PUBLIC BUILDINGS SALT NA D KANSAS p FtrPA R bD r--.P. THE CITY PLA_NN_ING AND ZON -IA1G COUM155101J H A R E A H A 0. E C 1 T T P L♦ u Y 4 y - 1(A Y S w 3 G I T T, M I S O Y \I PLATE NO. 17 —CIVIC CENTER PLAN This plan shows the proposed location of a new City Hall in relation to other public buildings, forming a convenient and attractive Civic Center. 41 be located conveniently to the central business sec- tion, and where they can be easily reached from the residential areas. Salina is fortunate in having the County Courthouse; sheriff's office, residence and jail; welfare buildings; and Salina's Memorial Hall all on adjoining_ blocks, the locations of which meet the above requirements. The new Central Fire Sta- tion, under construction, is but one block north and in the second block east of the Court House on the old Longfellow School site. Here is the nucleus of a complete Civic Center. As shown on Plate No. 17 (Civic Center Plan), it is proposed that the much needed new City Hall be constructed on the south side of Ash Street between Ninth and Tenth Streets, facing the Memorial Hall building. A 140 foot by 250 foot tract would be the minimum need, which would allow for a sizable structure, with a setback on all streets and some auto- mobile parking. More space for additional parking on the south would be desirable. As the present build- ings between the Memorial Hall and the Court House decrease in value, they should be acquired to join the two properties and provide additional parking. The Civic Center plan proposes that the south end of the blocks between the fire station and Tenth Street on the north of Elm be acquired in time for the pur- pose of additional off - street parking. Parks, Parkways and Recreational Areas THE VALUE OF PARKS. Parks, playgrounds and areas for public enjoyment are no longer considered a luxury by progressive communities, but are classed with streets, utilities and schools as public neces- sities. Because of the great expense of acquiring land after it has been developed, one of the first interests of a growing city should be to provide ample acreage before available vacant land is occupied. A well rounded park system comprises areas of various size and type, to provide for both neighbor- hood and city -wide needs. These include small squares or triangles, primarily of ornamental value; playgrounds for younger children; playfields for older children and adults; neighborhood parks to provide limited areas of lawns, trees and shrubbery in various sections; and larger parks for the develop- ment of more extensive areas of natural scenery. There is often some overlapping of these functions in individual areas, such as the combination of play- ground or playfield activities with a neighborhood park. PARK AND RECREATIONAL STANDARDS. The amount of park land should bear some relationship both to the population and to the area served. From the experience of many cities, certain standards for park acreage have been established, which serve as a general guide, although a number of cities have greatly exceeded these standards. This is particularly 42 true where large areas of woodland, or parks not requiring extensive maintenance are included. A total area in park and play use of at least one acre per one hundred population within or reasonably acces- sible to the built up portion of a city, is considered desirable. On the basis of the present estimated popu- lation of about 27,000 in Salina, a total of at least 270 acres for parks of all types should be provided within or adjacent to the populated areas of the city. This does not provide for future needs. The area now owned by the city for park and recreational uses is approximately 175.8 acres, which is somewhat below the standards. Another standard often used in approximately ten percent of the entire city area in public parks and open spaces. This is based on the theory of providing for a fairly compact future population, and would call for about 313 acres within the present corporate limits of Salina. As a standard of spacing, it is desirable that every child should be within one -half mile of a playground, and preferably one - quarter mile for smaller children. One mile is desirable for adults or larger children, in relation to playfields, as distinct from playgrounds. Relatively few cities have fully attained in older developed areas the desirable spacing of parks on this basis, because of the difficulty of acquiring addi- tional land in the built up sections. Salina is fortunate in having two fairly centrally located parks, Kenwood Park and Oakdale Park, the combined facilities of which . serve the recreational needs of adults and children. Because of a deficiency of neighborhood playgrounds at present in Salina, an arrangement with the Board of Education has been worked out whereby the school grounds are available through- out the year for local play areas. However, these grounds are mostly inadequate in size. If Lowell, South Park, and Bartlett School are abandoned for school use, the land should be retained for local play- grounds, to provide more convenient facilities for smaller children in this section of the city. Table No. IV shows the acreage of both present and proposed park land. It will be noted that while the acreage of present parks is below the minimum standards previously mentioned, the total, including proposed parks, is well above such standards. How- ever, in the case of Salina this seems well justified for several reasons. First, with the probable growth in population, the minimum requirements by 1970 would be nearly 350 acres, and this need will in- crease; second, Kenwood Park is used for fairgrounds and baseball, and its availability for park use some- what reduced, and; third, much of the proposed park acreage in the river valley is subject to occasional overflow, and is not suitable for residential or indus- trial use. In private ownership it may become a problem, whereas in park land it is a great civic asset. The preservation of the woodland and open fields U. S. Highway No. 81 through Thomas Park, a pleasant roadside treatment. Dry Creek bordering Thomas Park. The unsightly creek bank opposite shows the necessity of con- trolling both banks of a boundary stream. 43 Nvill have great scenic value, and in addition will supply various recreational needs. Wooded sections will be desirable for picnics, trails, etc., and the open meadows for activities such as baseball, soft ball, kite flying, operation of model airplanes, and in- formal play. Similar open spaces in other cities, such as in Swope Park in Kansas City, have proven most popular. A nine hole municipal golf course could be provided if desired. The development and maintenance cost of areas such as this, unless for a golf course, which would be largely self supporting, would be very low. The proposed river drive would prov_de access, and other roads should be kept to a minimum. Plate No. 11 shows present and proposed park lands in relation to the main thoroughfares. A more dct °_Izd description of parks follows: TABLE No. IV EXISTING AND PROPOSED PARKS AND PARKWAYS 175.8 12.0 379.9 TOTAL ...............567.7 EXISTING PARKS AND EXTENSIONS Oakdale Park. This park of approximately 31.2 acres, indicates good planning in roadway and walk arrangement, and includes a well planted formal garden, and a large swimming pool. There are picnic facilities, tennis courts, shuffleboard and croquet and horseshoe courts, and a children's multiple use play area. It is a beautiful and well maintained park. Kenwood Park. This is at present the largest park in Salina. Located here are the Saline County Fair- 44 grounds- Exhibition Building, Race Track, Horse Pad- docks, Grandstand; also the Salina Blue Jay's lighted baseball field. Here also Salina's football elevens battle their op- ponents on a well lighted field, and in summer ama- teur baseball nines take over to keep this area oc- cupied. Picnic facilities also are available. Kenwood and Oakdale Parks are almost encircled by the Smoky Hill River, and are joined by a bridge at the end of Oakdale. Additional recreation on the Smoky Hill River is afforded by a boat rental concession on the river at South Street. These two parks of approxi- mately 93 acres are only a few city blocks from the downtown retail business center, and within easy access of residential areas. The bridges over the Smoky Hill River serving these parka should be re- constructed and widened. Sunset Park. Located in the southwest corner of Salina, Sunset Park has approximately 16.8 acres. It is well planned in drives and walks, and excellent planting in formal z.nd informal areas that include a rock garden. Also in this park are children's multiple uce play areas, tennis courts, and picnic grounds. it is proposed to extend this park south to U. S. High- way No. 81 By -pass for a south entrance. This would increase the area to about 26 acres, and add baseball and other more extensive recreation facilities. Thomas Park. This sizable park, of approximately 53.2 acres, is located on each side of U. S. Highway No. 81 (Ninth Street) at the north edge of the city. The access roads in the park are only fair, and the plant- ing good. The area in the vicinity of the old Dry Creek Channel is heavily forested wish great trees. Of easy access from Highway No. 81 (Ninth Street) are picnic ovens and tables, small shelter, multiple play area, and a Girl Scout cabin. At points where Dry Creek borders the park. the opposite bank, compris- ing about 3 acres, should be acquired to prevent un- sightly developments. South Park. A neighborhood park of 3.1 acres, be- tween Second and Third, and north of the existing Washington Senior High. This park is useful for local play. Riverside Park. A small neighborhood park of ap- proximately 2.1 acres, located at Oakdale and Elm on the east bank of the Smoky Hill River. The park offers recreation in play apparatus for children and picnic facilities for adults. Country Club Park. This is an ornamental neighbor- hood tract of 2.0 acres in the Country Club Heights, with limited children's play facilities. Negro Recreation Park. On this tract of 3.1 acres, located on Second Street north of Elm, is the negro swimming pool, bath house and Community Building, and picnic grounds. There is very little planting, and the grounds should have better maintenance. New Name or Location Existing Extension Location Oakdale .................... 31.2 Kenwood ................... 61.5 Sunset ..................... 16.8 9.0 Thomas ..................... 53.2 3.0 South Park .................. 3.1 Riverside ................... 2.1 Country Club Park ........... 2.0 Negro Park at 2nd & Em Streets 3.1 Triangle at North St. & Broadway 1.2 Broadway and Ash St......... 1.2 Broadway and University Place 0.4 Smoky Hill River Bottoms Area 275.0 Iowa and Iron Avenues....... 15.8 Woodland Ave. and Front St... 26.0 13th and Woodland Ave....... 15.0 U.S. Highway 81 By -Pass & South St. 23.0 Roach St. and Minneapolis Ave. 8.2 Riverside Parkway .......... 12.0 Abandoned Schools to be used as parks: Bartlett .................. 1.2 South Park .............. 1.4 Lowell .................. 2.3 175.8 12.0 379.9 TOTAL ...............567.7 EXISTING PARKS AND EXTENSIONS Oakdale Park. This park of approximately 31.2 acres, indicates good planning in roadway and walk arrangement, and includes a well planted formal garden, and a large swimming pool. There are picnic facilities, tennis courts, shuffleboard and croquet and horseshoe courts, and a children's multiple use play area. It is a beautiful and well maintained park. Kenwood Park. This is at present the largest park in Salina. Located here are the Saline County Fair- 44 grounds- Exhibition Building, Race Track, Horse Pad- docks, Grandstand; also the Salina Blue Jay's lighted baseball field. Here also Salina's football elevens battle their op- ponents on a well lighted field, and in summer ama- teur baseball nines take over to keep this area oc- cupied. Picnic facilities also are available. Kenwood and Oakdale Parks are almost encircled by the Smoky Hill River, and are joined by a bridge at the end of Oakdale. Additional recreation on the Smoky Hill River is afforded by a boat rental concession on the river at South Street. These two parks of approxi- mately 93 acres are only a few city blocks from the downtown retail business center, and within easy access of residential areas. The bridges over the Smoky Hill River serving these parka should be re- constructed and widened. Sunset Park. Located in the southwest corner of Salina, Sunset Park has approximately 16.8 acres. It is well planned in drives and walks, and excellent planting in formal z.nd informal areas that include a rock garden. Also in this park are children's multiple uce play areas, tennis courts, and picnic grounds. it is proposed to extend this park south to U. S. High- way No. 81 By -pass for a south entrance. This would increase the area to about 26 acres, and add baseball and other more extensive recreation facilities. Thomas Park. This sizable park, of approximately 53.2 acres, is located on each side of U. S. Highway No. 81 (Ninth Street) at the north edge of the city. The access roads in the park are only fair, and the plant- ing good. The area in the vicinity of the old Dry Creek Channel is heavily forested wish great trees. Of easy access from Highway No. 81 (Ninth Street) are picnic ovens and tables, small shelter, multiple play area, and a Girl Scout cabin. At points where Dry Creek borders the park. the opposite bank, compris- ing about 3 acres, should be acquired to prevent un- sightly developments. South Park. A neighborhood park of 3.1 acres, be- tween Second and Third, and north of the existing Washington Senior High. This park is useful for local play. Riverside Park. A small neighborhood park of ap- proximately 2.1 acres, located at Oakdale and Elm on the east bank of the Smoky Hill River. The park offers recreation in play apparatus for children and picnic facilities for adults. Country Club Park. This is an ornamental neighbor- hood tract of 2.0 acres in the Country Club Heights, with limited children's play facilities. Negro Recreation Park. On this tract of 3.1 acres, located on Second Street north of Elm, is the negro swimming pool, bath house and Community Building, and picnic grounds. There is very little planting, and the grounds should have better maintenance. Triangle at North Street and Broadway. This small triangle of 1.2 acres is primarily valuable as an orna- mental spot. Park at Ash and Broadway. This small park of 1.2 acres is primarily valuable as a neighborhood beauty spot on the highway. Park at Broadway and University. This park of 0.4 acre is too small for other than ornamental use. PROPOSED PARKS Smoky Hill River Bottoms Area. This large tract of approximately 275 acres is proposed to be added to the park system. It is located generally between Greely and Crawford Avenues, from Kenwood Park east to just beyond the east loop of the Smoky Hill River, as indicated on the Major Street Plan. This river bottom ground, mostly unsuitable for residential development, would be ideal for a large park. Its potential value and use has been previously men- tioned. Most of this proposed additional recreational park land could be served by the scenic drive pre- viously described. Aside from this drive, roads should be kept to a minimum to provide access. Area at Iowa and Iron Avenues. This proposed neighborhood park of approximately 12 acres is ideally located to serve the east section of Salina. Even though the proposed Smoky Hill flood water diversion channel will pass through this tract, there will still be ample room left for picnic grounds and children's play area. The ground is too rough for baseball or similar sports. Area at Pacific Avenue and Front Street. This large tract of approximately 26 acres, just outside the city limits, would have a frontage of one thousand feet on Front Street, and the same on U. S. Highway No. 40. The area is a flat, open field, and should be ideal as the recreational playfield for North Salina. It is Garden in Oakdale Park 45 large enough for several baseball or softball fields, in addition to other park facilities, such as children's play area, tennis and basket ball courts. Area at Thirteenth and Woodland. This tract of approximately 15 acres, partially outside the city limits, proposed for a neighborhood park, is a low, wooded area along Dry Creek, extending north from Grand Avenue and west of Thirteenth, but excluding the tourist court properties on that corner. The north boundary of the proposed park is about the center line of Pacific Street produced, and it is recommended that the park extend at least one hundred feet west of the new channel of Dry Creek, which runs through this tract. In addition to serving the residents in its vicinity as a playground for children, picnic grounds and tennis courts could be featured. It is also quite possible that an area large enough for a softball field would be available. Area at U. S. Highway No. 81 By -Pass and South Street. This area of 23 acres would supply the much needed park and playfield facilities for Salina's west side residential district. It would extend from the Missouri Pacific tracks to the U. S. Highway No. 81 By -Pass route, and extend south of South Street about 1100 feet. Its primary use would be as a playfield, mostly for baseball and similar sports. However, chil- dren's play apparatus, tennis, basketball, horseshoe courts, etc., could be included so as to serve all ages. Area at Roach Street and Minneapolis Avenue. The proposed neighborhood park of 8.2 acres would serve the new residential area developing in the southeast section of Salina. This tract, as well as the proposed playfield and park adjacent to Highway Igo. 81 at South Street, are both outside the existing city limits, but will be well within the proposed new city limits line. The tract is fairly level, and of sufficient size to be suitable for playground activities. Summary of Park and Parkway Recommendations. The proposed parks and parkways, including ex- tension of present parks as enumerated, would total 392 acres. This figure, added to the present 176 acres now owned by the city, brings the total to 568 acres. Nearly half of the acreage would be in one large park, which would be preserved mostly in its natural state. Partially wooded valley of Smoky Hill River, proposed for a large park. 46 The present system of eleven parks would be in- creased to eighteen, with one major and several minor extensions. In the park and parkway projects recommended for acquisition, there are included tracts suitable for all types of park and playground development, as well as for scenic value. A considerable amount of this land has little value for other purposes, and should consequently be inexpensive to secure. It would be possible, after acquiring the land, to develop it on a long range program that would not be unduly ex- pensive. But if the acquisition should be too long delayed, the land could be easily lost by the natural expansion of the city. School Sites Schools are a concern of practically every family, and the principal formative element in the life of future citizens. In addition, they represent a heavy financial burden on the community. They should therefore be given careful consideration in a compre- hensive planning program. To the school directors, in their program of the future, the comprehensive plan should provide the following assistance: 1. A study of the residential development of the city, and a forecast of the probable population re- quirements. 2. The distribution of schools in and adjacent to the city, in the light of these requirements. 3. Adoption of well organized standards in school locations, areas of sites, approaches, and site plan. 4. The selection of school sites of the right standard in new areas in advance of development. 5. The correlation of the school system with the playground, park, and recreation facilities, and the Major Street System of the city. It is very apparent that education is appreciated and maintained on a high standard in Salina. This is due partially to the high percentage of native born population, and partially to the influence of the many churches. ACCEPTED STANDARDS IN SITE SELECTION. This report does not attempt to deal with the ade- quacy or efficiency of the various buildings, but is confined to recommendations on the location and size of the sites. A number of factors control the location of schools, and have a great influence upon the effectiveness of the school program. The spacing of schools through- out the city is determined principally by setting a maximum travel distance for the pupils. In cities where there is sufficient density, a maximum travel distance is usually set at one -half to three - quarters of a mile for elementary pupils, one mile for Junior High pupils, and two miles for Senior High pupils. Directly related to this is the .question of the most efficient size for schools. School planning authorities have stated that there is a less complete service rendered in elementary schools which have less than five hundred pupils. Junior and Senior High Schools, on account of the variety of courses offered and the special equipment needed, should be considerably larger, with a desirable maximum size of about as many as 1500 pupils. In smaller cities the size of High Schools is actually determined by the total number of pupils, rather than by standards set by the spacing of schools. The spacing of schools, to allow larger enrollment per school, makes it more necessary to provide larger sites, in order to give sufficient playground area. It is now considered that elementary schools should have sites of not less than five acres, and the Junior and Senior High Schools should have sites of ten acres or more, preferably twenty to thirty acres for a Senior High School. In solidly built areas, it is not always possible to secure sites this large without too great an expenditure of funds, but the standard should be followed wherever practical, particularly with new sites in outlying areas. Elementary schools should ideally be located away from major streets, and where pupils will not have to cross such thoroughfares enroute. This is not always possible, but should be an influencing factor in the site selection. It is obviously not practical to select sites for all of the schools that will meet all of the above standards. In a thinly populated area, it may be necessary for pupils to go more than the desirable distance to a school that is smaller than the most efficient size mentioned. But by careful balancing of the standards, a reasonably satisfactory solution can be worked out. APPROVED STANDARDS FOR SCHOOL GROUND DEVELOPMENT. The location of the building, with it:- walks, drives, lawns, paved game areas, and play - fields, and tree and shrub planting, should be care- fully studied to provide the most efficient and attrac- tive use of the site. It is often possible, by careful plan- ning, to make a reasonably satisfactory school ground from even a rather small site. However, Plate No. 18 shows the complete development of an adequate elementary school ground. It consists of a parklike front lawn with adequate walks, large paved play areas for intensive use adjacent to the rear of the building, including a separate play yard for children of kindergarten age; and a large grass playfield sur- rounded by a fence, with grass and supporting tree and shrub planting on the outside of the fence. A school ground developed in this manner is not only valuable as a local playground, but is an attractive asset to the neighborhood. PRESENT AND PROPOSED ELEMENTARY SCHOOLS Plate No. 19 shows the distribution of elementary school children with half mile circles about the pres- 47 PLATE NO. 18— TYPICAL ELEMENTARY SCHOOL GROUND The plate above illustrates the ideal development of an elementary school ground. It consists of a limited but parklike front lawn with adequate walks; large paved play areas for intensive use adjacent to the building, including a separate play yard for children of kindergarten age; and a large grass playfield surrounded by a fence, set back from the property line, with grass and support- ing tree and shrub planting on the outside of the fence. ent schools. The overlapping of these circles indicates the wasteful spacing of these buildings, with conse- quent inefficiency in the operation of some of the units. Plate No. 20 shows the same information regarding distribution of pupils, but proposes the abandonment 48 of certain buildings, and new sites to be acquired in the outskirts to serve future population. The half mile circles indicate a more satisfactory and efficient spac- ing. Additional land for the negro school is recom- mended. A more complete discussion of the various school sites follows. CITY PLAN SALI NA • KANSAS PLATE NO. 19— EXISTING ELEMENTARY SCHOOLS This map shows the distribution of elementary school population, and the over- lapping of half mile circles, indicating a wasteful spacing of buildings. 49 50 E s w 1. C rE E +... CITY PLAN - SALINA KANSAS t / - THE THE CITY PLANNING AND ZONING COMMISSION HARE & HARE CITY PLANNERS. KANSAS CITY. MISSOURI ELEMENTARY SCHOOLS DISTRIBUTION OF STUDENT POPULATION KDGN. THROUGH GRADE 6 WKITE • NEGRO + EACH. SYMBOL REPRESENTS ONE PUPIL CIRCLE OF >j MILE RADIUS FROM SCHOOL EXISTING ELEMENTARY SCHOOL PROPERTY PROPOSED ELEMENTARY SCHOOL PROPERTY X TO BE ABANDONED PLATE NO. 20— EXISTING AND PROPOSED ELEMENTAKY bUnc»L-23 This plate shows the distribution of school population and the satisfactory cover- age which will result if certain schools are abandoned and new schools pro- vided. The proposed site shown at Claflin and Pershing may be needed soon, and the two general locations shown, one in the northerly section and one in the east, will be needed at some future time. – CITY PLAN SALI NA • KANSAS PLATE NO. 21 —HIGH SCHOOLS This plate shows the location of junior and senior high schools. When the new high school in the southeast section is completed, both Lincoln High School and Roosevelt Junior High School will become junior high schools, and Wash- ington High School will be abandoned for class room purposes. 51 Hawthorne. This is the north side elementary school, on 3.7 acres of ground, which unfortunately cannot be enlarged. Although under the minimum requirement of five acres for elementary schools, the rectangular shape of the grounds offers a maximum use of the area. Play apparatus is located south of the school building. Three softball fields are located in the north playground, the largest of which can be illuminated for night play. The original school was constructed in 1911 and added to in 1930. The build- ing is in good condition. While business and indus- try are encroaching on this site, there is still a con- siderable population in the district and the school cannot be abandoned. The existing chain link fence should be continued around the playfield, with tree and shrub planting on the outside of the fence, to partly absorb the noise of Ninth Street traffic, and to screen out the com- mercial property in the vicinity. Phillips. This school is over forty years old, is obso- lete, and situated on a very inadequate site. It is pro- posed to be abandoned. Dunbar (Negro). This school is to be retained, but the existing inadequate playground should be enlarged. It is proposed to acquire the remainder of the block, in order to increase the site to 4.3 acres. This will al- low for additional playground equipment and a large softball field lighted for summer play. With the Negro Community Building, swimming pool and park direct- ly across Second Street, it might be possible to close this street and consolidate the sites, making a total of more than eight acres. Oakdale. This school is located at Iron and Penn- sylvania Avenues. The building is in excellent condi- tion, and is located on the southwest corner of a 320 feet by 350 feet block. The play area of the 2.4 acre tract is used efficiently, although additional fence and PLATE NO. 22 —PLAN FOR NEW SALINA HIGH SCHOOL SITE This plan shows the comprehensive development of an ample senior high school site. 52 shrubbery planting should be placed around the Co- lumbia, Johnstown and Pennsylvania Avenue sides of the playground. There is a good planting arrange- ment around the school building. It is proposed to re- tain this school. Whittier. This school, at Cedar and Baker Streets, is proposed to be retained in the future school pro- gram. The existing school building and the separate frame addition are in good condition. The school grounds of 2.52 acres is well used for play the year round. Children's play apparatus occupy the west side of the site, and the south end of the tract is used mainly for softball, that can be lighted for evening play. At some future time it might be possible to ac- quire additional land in adjacent blocks and close the intervening street or streets. Bartlett. This school, located at Ninth Street and Mulberry Street, on an inadequate site, is proposed to be abandoned in the readjustment of schools serv- ing the southerly portion of the city. The land could be used by the city for a small children's playground. South Park. The South Park School, Tenth Street and Charles Avenue, is also to be abandoned. The building was remodeled twenty years ago, and at present is over crowded. The kindergarten and first grades are being taught in two frame buildings that face on Eleventh Street. The pupils would be distrib- uted between Whittier and Franklin Schools. As in the case of Bartlett, the site could be used for neigh- borhood playground for small children. Franklin School. The Franklin School, on a 2 acre tract, is proposed to be retained in. the permanent sys- tem. The site should be enlarged in the future by the acquisition of additional land, preferably to the north in the same block. As the demand for houses becomes more normal, property of this type can be more easily acquired. Lowell. The Lowell School, located at Highland and Republic Avenues, is to be retained for the present in the school system, but eventually abandoned. The ex- isting school is old, quite overcrowded, and a number of the students are housed in four frame buildings on the east side of the grounds. A new school site, al- ready acquired at Minneapolis and Quincy, together with a proposed future location at Pershing and Claf- lin, would jointly serve the present Lowell area. This site could also be used as a small play area for children in the vicinity. Roosevelt Junior High School 53 Heusner School. This is an ample site of nearly 7 acres at Minneapolis Avenue and Quincy Street. With an adequate building in the future, it will care for the increasing population in this area. New Sites. The map of present and proposed ele- mentary schools (Plate No. 20) shows a proposed site for a future school on approximately nine acres at the end of Claflin Avenue and Pershing Street. This site would extend west to the proposed extension of Sun- set Park and U. S. Highway No. 81 By -Pass route, and south to Cloud Avenue. This site should be acquired before it is used for residential development. The gen- eral locations of two additional sites for future acquisi- tion are shown on the map. One of these is to the northeast of St. John's Military School, and the other is east of Marymount Road and north of Greely Ave- nue extended. These can be acquired later, but in ad- vance of residential development. The exact location and boundaries can be determined at that time. Five to seven acres should be secured in each instance. Senior High School. The locations of present and proposed high school sites are shown on Plate No. 21. The existing Washington Senior High School, provid- ing for grades eleven and twelve, and located at Sec- ond Street and Mulberry, will continue to be used un- til the new school is completed on the large forty acre tract on Front Street and Crawford Avenue. It is pro- posed that the Washington Senior High School build- ing could then be used as the Salina School System Administration Building. It could also serve as the school supply warehouse. Junior High Schools. When the new Senior High School, mentioned above, is completed, Lincoln High School and Roosevelt Junior High School will be re- tained as junior high schools. These schools are cen- trally located, are in good condition, and should serve the junior high school needs for some time. The schools are in the same block occupying all but the north one hundred feet, the school part of the block being about 3.75 acres. The buildings and drive and walk areas leave little ground for recreational activ- ity. The immediate adjacent property includes six churches and large attractive homes in good to ex- cellent condition, so this school property will be diffi- cult to enlarge. Other Public Properties Publicly owned properties, on which are located such buildings as the City Hall, Court House, Hospital, Jail, Post Office, etc., are shown on Plate No. 11, Major Street Map. The construction of a new City Hall on the south side of Ash Street, between Ninth and Tenth, is the only recommended change at this time. Prop- erties under the control of the city can all contribute, through simple and effective beautification, to the at- tractive appearance of the city as a whole. The city should set the example to the citizens. 54 PRIVATE PROPERTY In addition to the value derived from an adequate street system, and the proper development of public property, the use and improvement of private prop- erty is still a very important phase of city develop- ment. Therefore this private property should be under reasonable public control. Ownership of land in a community is a privilege, and should carry with it an obligation to the city as a whole. Consequently any use of private land that is detrimental, either to the best interests of the neighborhood or to the city, vio- lates that obligation. The adoption of zoning ordin- ances and of rules controlling the subdivision of land, is for the democratic purpose of securing the greatest good for the largest number of the people of the city. Control of purely aesthetic matters, such as the ar- chitectural design of private buildings, can be exer- cised best through private restrictions. The use of the police power on which zoning is based cannot in- clude considerations of beauty. However, a more or- derly growth of the community, resulting from zoning, will usually add to its attractiveness. Improvement in the design and maintenance of buildings, and the surrounding grounds, can often be stimulated by neighborhood associations, civic organizations, and garden clubs. Such activities not only tend to improve the appearance of neighborhoods, but are of economic value in combating urban blight and the depreciation of values in older sections of our cities. Zoning can re- tard this blight, but private initiative and cooperative efforts are of equal importance in preserving property values. Zoning Zoning is the most effective method of public con - irol yet devised for protecting property against invas- ion of improper uses, which would tend to lessen or destroy the value of land or buildings. It is an exercise of the police power of the state, based on the preser- vation of the health, safety, morals and general wel- fare of the community. It directs the future building de- velopment of the city along orderly lines, stabilizes the residential, commercial and industrial areas by setting aside special and suitable districts for each of these uses, and in addition assures adequate light and air by regulating the height of buildings in the various districts, and by providing for reasonable open spaces in yards. The phenominal record of zoning in the United States has probably been due to the equitable provis- ions and safeguards included in the enabling acts and ordinances. For example, a zoning ordinance can be amended from time to time by the majority vote of a City Council or Board of Commissioners, except that under the provisions of the state law if the owners of twenty per cent of the property within or adjacent to the area proposed for a change, file a protest, the amendment requires at least four fifths vote. Under the provision for a board of appeals, variances or varia- tions can be made in the strict application of the law where such application would work a hardship on an individual piece of property. Zoning is not retroac- tive —that is, buildings now used for lawful purposes can normally remain in such use, even though they are in a district zoned for a higher use. Such buildings are termed "non- conforming ". A restriction against lower uses does not limit the inclusion of higher uses in any district. For example, business is restricted from the residential zones, but there is no restriction against a residence in a business zone. Zoning is not to be confused with private restric- tions or building or housing codes, since zoning has no control over type of building or materials, cost, color or method of construction, or living conditions within a building. All future subdivisions should therefore be protected by private restrictions, in addi- tion to the public controls, and the city should supply supplementary controls, such as building or housing codes. The State of Kansas has legislation which authorizes cities to adopt zoning ordinances, and it was in accord- ance with such legislation that Salina, in 1925, adopted a zoning ordinance and map. This ordinance at first provided for five districts: One and two family, mul- tiple family, commercial, light industrial, and heavy industrial. In later years an additional district, provid- ing for single family dwellings only, was added. In this ordinance no restrictions were placed on the height of a building. "Permitted" uses were specified in the residential districts, while in the commercial and industrial districts "prohibited" uses were listed. The ordinance was well written for its time, but in the more than twenty years since it was passed, new and simpler procedures have been developed. It is now customary to indicate the various districts on the Zoning District Map, and not describe them in the or- dinance. Most present day zoning ordinances de- scribe the complete use, height, and area require- ments in each district shown on the map. There is also a trend to specify "permitted" uses for all districts, in- stead of "prohibited" uses in some. Zoning at best is a complicated procedure to the average citizen, and these changes reduce the confusion in his mind. The zoning situation in Salina has been completely restudied, both as to map and ordinance. A new Land Use Map was prepared, showing the existing uses of all property in the city. With this information, and with the studies of future population growth and trends of growth, it was possible to analyze present and fu- ture needs relative to various uses. The accompanying Zoning District Map (Plate No. 23) shows the districts described in the ordinance. Under this proposed ordinance the city is divided in- to seven classes, or districts, each complete as to use, height, and area requirements. Two are assigned to dwelling houses and customary accessory uses; one 56 to apartments, boarding and lodging houses, etc.; two to retail business; and two to industrial uses. The accompanying chart, (Plate No. 24) shows a brief summary of the principal requirements in each dis- trict. In addition to these seven districts, a provision is made for special classes, which can be located in any district by special permission of the Board of Appeals. These include uses which it would be difficult to place in any one district, such as cemeteries, amusement parks, aviation fields, hospitals for the insane or feeble minded, penal or correctional institutions, refuse dumps, sewage or garbage disposal plants, and trailer or tourist camps. The ordinance also includes certain height and area exceptions, and provisions for off - street parking and loading, and defines the special powers of the Board of Appeals. At the present time there are approximately 22,500 front feet of business serving the population. This means a frontage of .86 lineal feet per person, based on the present population of 26,143. The proposed Zoning District Map provides for considerable expan- sion, with 14,694 lineal feet of Local Business, and 25,230 lineal feet of General Business, or a total of 39,924 lineal feet of business frontage. At the present ratio of .86 feet per person, this would serve a poula- tion of approximately 46,423. It is improbable that a population of this size will be reached in the next two or three decades. In addition, much business will be built in industrial districts, a large percentage of the light industrial areas being located adjacent to the cen- tral business area. The attempt has been to provide for reasonable expansion of business, without the mis- take of over - zoning, which has been made by most cities. The zoning of land for business does not guarantee its use for that purpose, and excessive business zon- ing will discourage some more reasonable, and per- haps more profitable development. Control of Land Plats Much of the need for city planning or replanning results from failure in the past to control land subdi- vision plats. Streets with jogs and dead ends are a constant source of confusion and difficulty. Some dead end streets are unavoidable, due to topographi- cal irregularities, and in some cases may be desir- able, but street jogs can be avoided by proper con- trol and planning. Streets of inadequate width and blocks too long or too short for their particular use, as well as the difficulties mentioned above, are the result of failure to guide platting in accordance with reason- able subdivision standards and the Major Street Plan. In Salina many streets are interrupted, and jogs are created, where subdivisions have been platted at different times without coordination of street design. The streets, however, with few exceptions, are of ample width, but the blocks in many cases are too short, especially in some of the older residential dis- tricts. Longer blocks in residential areas should be encouraged in new subdivisions. One of the duties of the city planning commission is to report on new plats submitted for filing, and to make recommendations regarding the articulation and width of streets, the size of lots, the length of blocks, and the provision for major thoroughfares and other requirements of the city plan. A set of rules for land platting should be adopted by the Commission, as a guide to prospective subdividers, and as an outline to the requirements necessary for the acceptance of plats. Such a set of rules is included in this report in Appendix F. In Kansas the city planning commission of a city has jurisdiction for plats three miles beyond the city limits, so that the new platting adjacent to the city, which does not meet satisfactory standards, and which would be a detriment to the city, if annexed in the fu- ture, can be regulated. Increasing attention is being given to beauty of street design in residential districts. Curving street alignments can make a home neighborhood more at- tractive than a checker board pattern, and particularly on rolling topography can often result in economy of construction in grading and drainage. A good example of this type of platting in Salina is Country Club Heights. While this is a district for higher class houses, the same principles can apply to small house develop- ments. Housing Urban blight is one of the most serious problems facing cities. Communities cannot continue to build on the outskirts and abandon older sections close in. Declining values represent a great tax loss, and the taxes from blighted areas do not pay the cost of mu- nicipal services. The older homes in Salina are generally well built, and more conveniently located than the newer sec- tions. It is encouraging to note that many of these older properties are kept in good repair, and are an asset to the city and a factor in stabilizing property values. They also preserve the attractive appearance of the neighborhoods, and the charm of the city. On the other hand there are many districts where proper- SUMMARY OF ZONING REGULATIONS SALINA. KANSAS DISTRICT USE .ACCESSORY HEIGHT YARDS LOT AREA MINIMUM STORIES FEET FRONT SIDE REAR USES PER FAMILY DTH "LOT FIRST A OHOUSE DWELL`NGSICHURCHES. (000 A GARAGES 2%z 35 25/0.25' 12Y.0.4'TO10 25 Y.0.30' 6000S.1T 60' PUBLIC SCNLS,ETC. OO AND CUSTOMARY ACCESSORY USES SECOND 6000 SINGLE OR 8 DWELLING "OU'E ALL USES LISTED ABOVE TWO 'FAMILY SAME AS OISTR CT A'EACEPTB.O '] 35 25/0.25' 12 ° /-OR4'TDIO25°DD.30' SD FT " " "` DWELLINGS -cT,2Y2 PER CA. 3000 SO FT 5 0' TWO FAMILY ALL USES LISTED ABOVE SAME AS DISTRICT SAME AS A NGLE C �TME.l N ORR DING AND LODGING PE.XCApT TSO.P 3 45 20Y. /OR _1 R AP, HOU SES. HOSPITALS, CLUBS OR 20' EACH f0 0T OF HEIGHT OVER 25 25' 1000 SOFT o,[ 55 ETC 35 LOCAL 2Y2 35 15' NONE F:I`A`LT D Bu SINE51 ALL ETA USES STORES. ABOVE CUSTOMARI TO TO B!�C, 20/ 2O' TWO H S. pE9- AC ESSOPY USES 3 45 PRESENT DE- DISTR CTS A: OR I O OO 1° FT So TAVRANTSA ETC. IN BLOCK DWELLI NO PURPOSE!' LEI' [O. OTHER USES GENERAL 3 45 NONE NONE NONE SINGLE E BUSINESS � 8 100 TWO FAMILY ORSO� ND ANYS USETNOTAeNE C LU DED IN THE DISTRICT ACCESSO AT USES USES IN CE T.AL DIST.SCTS �D,Lp D' 0. USED FOR DSTRCTS!ABHC* OR USEDFOR FORCOWELL G PURPOSES 100010 FT BELOW Aq A DWELLINGPVRPOSES I OWE LLING PURPOSE LESS F00. OTHER USES LIGHT AL l USES LISTED ABOVE ONE ONE SINGLE F INWST.M STRIAL OPER- �TIONSUNOT CU YOUR 4 55 ~`D BN =CG AL Lf AST TWO FAMILY OR APARTiE Of FE BECAUSE Of SMOKE. ACC[3lO.Y U][! DISTR'Cn w,D.0 OR USED FOR DI STRICTS'A OR USED FOR I 0 1 0001° fT SO NOISE, ETC. DWELLING PURPOSES DWELLING PURPOSES LESS FOR USES HEAVY ONE NONE AT LEAST SINGLE TWO FAMILY G INDUSrnI SEMI IN- ACCCS]ORYA US[1 6 75 DISTR CTlASC!..D 0lTRICTS AD B!�IC 100010 fT ORA50,EN DUST.IAL 0PEPA TI ON! OR USED FOR DWELLING PURPOSES OR USED FOR DWELLING PURPOSE 101 LESS FOR OTHER USES FOR VARIATIONS L EXCEPTIONS SEE TEXT OF ZONING ORDINANCE PLATE NO. 24— SUMMARY OF PROPOSED ZONING REGULATIONS This chart shows the main requirements of the various districts in the proposed Zoning Ordinance, but does not cover many detailed provisions and exceptions. 57 ties are declining in value through lack of consistent repair and maintenance. Properties in cities can generally be grouped under three classifications: 1. Areas where present houses may be conserved and standards upheld by continued maintenance. 2. Areas where declining property might be re- claimed through unified neighborhood action, and the strict application of building and housing codes. 3. Areas which are so substandard that redevelop- ment will be the only ultimate solution. In analyzing this situation in Salina, it is found that the major part of Salina's residential districts, particu- larly the newer areas, would fall in the first classifi- cation. Areas in the second class include some of the old- er home districts, also residential areas located in the vicinity of the railroad tracks. Some of the area be- tween the railroads from Fourth Street east, might be in the third classification. However, nearly all this section is proposed to be zoned for heavy industry, which may solve the problem by the gradual elimina- tion of substandard homes. Urban redevelopment may allocate land for industry, business, parks, etc., as well as for residential use. In Class 1 and Class 2 areas, neighborhood" im- provement associations, preferably allied with a city- wide civic organization, can do much to perpetuate or encourage good maintenance of yards as well as houses. It is very difficult to improve the character of a blighted neighborhood unless all the houses within a reasonable area are replaced at one time or under one program. As complete voluntary cooperation between various owners is seldom possible, legislation permit- ting the use of eminent domain under reasonable safe- guards is necessary if groups using private capital are to assemble land for self contained housing devel- opments or redevelopments. The Kansas Urban Re- 58 Typical views in Country Club Heights, an attractive residential district in Salina, designed with curving streets. development law of 1943 provides the necessary au- thority for procedure, but is applicable only to cities of more than 110,000 population. It should be amended to apply to smaller communities. The other alterna- tive is public housing, administered through a munici- pal housing authority, which has been used to meet the needs of the lowest income brackets. Part 3... P R O C E D U R E While the preparation of the city plan and report is important and essential to the adoption of a definite program of civic improvement, it is only the first step toward the realization of the recommendations, which is the ultimate goal of all city planning. The administra- tion of the plan, and the adjustments to changing con- ditions which will arise from time to time, are the con- tinuing work of the City Planning Commission. Every proposed improvement involving phases of city de- velopment covered by the plan and report, should be referred to the Commission for consideration. In this way it can be checked against the recommenda- tions of the city plan, and either approved or adjust- ments in the plan or project made. By this method the plan is kept up to date, and the improvements can conform to a definite program. Close cooperation between the Board of City Com- missioners, the administrative official, and the Plan- ning Commission is necessary. Also, the active sup- port of civic organizations is very important in guiding public opinion, particularly on the more important projects. A city wide organization to promote the plan would be important. In many cities, street widenings and openings in- volve considerable expense, but in Salina this cost should be relatively low because few buildings are involved. The land for parks or future public buildings and schools, except those well beyond the present urban growth, should be acquired as soon as possible, before used for private development, even though the improvements on the land cannot be constructed at once. PRIORITY OF PROJECTS The recommendations outlined in the various sec- tions of this report form a coordinated program of city development. Some of the proposals, such as revision of zoning, can be put into effect without appreciable expense or delay, while others must necessarily be part of a long range program. Some depend on coop- eration of federal departments, such as highway im- provements; and some on other agencies, such as the School Board. The following sequence is proposed for the principal recommendations: Adoption of the new Zoning_ Ordinance Adoption of Rules for Land Platting. 3. Acquisition of right of ways for new major streets and highways. 4. Acquisition of land for new school site in south- west area. 5. Acquisition of land in proposed new City Hall site. 6. Acquisition of land for additional parks and park- ways, development of which may be deferred. 7. Opening, widening and paving of streets in ac- cordance with report. 8. The continuing development of playground and park areas and parkways. Changes in these priorities may be necessary from time to time as opportunities for proposed develop- ments are jeopardized, or emergencies arise. Utilities and other routine needs are not included in this list of priorities. LEGISLATION Every city planning program must have legislative authority as a background, and Salina should support any new state legislation which would simplify or ex- pedite procedure. The State Planning and Zoning Enabling Act in Kansas (Appendix A), is reasonably satisfactory, but does not include certain provisions found in compar- able legislation in other states. There is no authority for the adoption of an official master plan with com- pulsory reference of projects to the City Planning Commission for checking and report to the Council. This provision would be desirable. Authority for es- tablishing building lines under the police power, for the purpose of safeguarding future opening or widen- ing of major streets would also be helpful. County planning and zoning is important in con- trolling the outskirts of cities where unsightly develop- ments usually occur. Kansas has such legislation, but it does not apply to Saline County. It should be amended so as to be available to other counties. As it is merely an enabling act, only the counties who wish need take advantage of it. Kansas now has two acts pertaining to off - street parking. One of these, under which Kansas City, Kansas has operated so successfully, (Appendix B), provides for acquisition of land by cities of the first class through benefit districts covering busine2s areas. The other (Appendix C), provides that cities of the first and second class may acquire and operate off - street parking facilities from current revenue, bonds, or in- 59 come from parking meters. Both are very valuable pieces of legislation. The Urban Redevelopment Law of 1943, mentioned under housing, now applying only to cities of over 110,000 population, should be amended to include Sa- lina and comparable communities. The city ordinance appointing the City Planning Commission, and defining its powers (Appendix D) was passed under the provisions of the State Planning and Zoning Enabling Act. ,The proposed zoning ordin- ance recently recommended by the City Planning Commission to the Council appears as Apendix E, and the rules recommended for control of land plats as Appendix F. CONCLUSION As stated before, city planning in any growing city is a continuous process. This report represents a pro- gram, based on normal conditions and trends, and pre- dictions for the future, so far as they can be made. No city plan in a growing city can be static, and it is an- ticipated that changes may be necessary from time to time. Such changes, however, should not be made without careful consideration of the various phases of the plan affected, and the status of the whole pro- gram should at all times be preserved on an inter- related and comprehensive basis. APPENDICES Appendix A PLANNING AND ZONING ENABLING ACT 12 -701. CREATION OF COMMISSION; CHANGE IN NUMBER. The governing body of any city may by ordinance create a city planning commission for such city, and may thereafter by ordinance change the number of members of such commission. 12 -702. MEMBERSHIP OF PLANNING COMMISSION; APPOINT- MENT; TERMS; VACANCIES. Such city planning commission shall consist of not less than seven or more than fifteen tax payers, of which number two members shall reside outside of but within three miles of the corporate limits of said city, but the remaining members shall be residents of such city, to be appointed by the mayor by and with the consent of the Council or Board of Commissioners. The members of the Commission first appointed shall serve respectively for terms of one year, two years and three years, divided equally or as nearly equal as possible between these terms as one, two and three years. Thereafter members shall be appointed for terms of three years each. Vacancies shall be filled by appointment for the unexpired term only. Members of the Commission shall serve with- out compensation for their services. 12 -703. MEETINGS; CHAIRMAN; RECORD. The members of the city planning commission shall meet at least once a month at such time and place as they may fix by resolution. They shall select one of their number as chairman and one as vice- chairman who shall serve one year and until their successor has been selected. Special meetings may be called at any time by the chairman or in his ab- sence by the vice - chairman. A majority of the commission shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of business. The commis- sion shall cause a proper record to be kept of its proceedings. 12 -704. POWERS AND DUTIES OF COMMISSION. The powers and duties of the commission shall be to make plans and maps of the whole or any portion of such municipality, and of any land outside of the municipality, which in the opinion of the commission bears relation to the planning of the municipality, and to make changes in such plans or maps when it deems same advisable. Such maps or plans shall show the commissions recommendations for new streets, alleys, ways, viaducts, bridges, subways, parkways, parks, play- grounds, or any other public ground or public improvements; and the removal, relocation, wideninq or extension of such public works then existing with a view to the systematic planning of the municipality, the commission may make recommendations to the governing body concerning the location of streets, transportation and communication facilities, public buildings and grounds. When- ever the commission shall have made and agreed upon a plan for the development of the municipality or any portion thereof, such plan or plans shall be submitted to the governing body for their consideration and action. 12 -705. PLANS AND PLATS; REGULATIONS. All plans, plats or re- plats of lands laid out in building lots and the streets, alleys or other portions of the same intended to be dedicated for public use, or for the use of purchasers or owners of the lots fronting thereon or adjacent thereto, and plans and descriptions of all streets, alleys or public ways intended to be deeded or dedicated for public use, or for the use of purchasers or owners of the land fronting there- on or adjacent thereto which is not intended to be platted into lots or other designated tracts, and located within the city limits of a city in which a city planning commission has been or may hereafter be created, or any addition or plan of streets or public ways located outside the city limits, provided such territory is within same coun- ty in which said city is located and entirely or in part within three miles of the nearest point on the city limits of any such city, shall be submitted to the city planning commission for their consideration, and their recommendation shall then be submitted to the governing body of such city for their official consideration and action. And no such plat or replat or dedication or deed of street or public way shall be filed with the register of deeds as provided by law until such plat or replat or dedication or deed shall have endorsed on it the fact that it has first been submitted to the city planning commis- sion and by the city planning commission to the governing body of such city and by such governing body duly approved. Before exercising the powers referred to above, the city planning commis- sion shall adopt regulations governing the subdivision of land within its jurisdiction. Such regulations may provide for the proper area of streets in relation to other existing or planned streets and to the mapped plan for adequate and convenient open spaces for traffic, utilities, access of firefighting apparatus, recreation, light, and air, and for the avoidance of congestion of population, including minimum width and area of lots. 12 -706. BUDGET OF EXPENDITURES. On or before the first Monday in August of each year the said city planning commission shall submit to the governing body of such city its budget of expen- ditures for the ensuing fiscal year, itemizing the expenses and amounts and the purpose. The city commission shall thereupon con- sider said budget and make such allowances to the said city plan- ning commission as it shall deem proper and shall add the same to the general budget of such city: Provided, That any city having not exercised any power by virtue of chapter 99 ( *) Session Laws of 1921, may for the exercise of such planning commission for the year 1923, the governing body may appropriate the balance of any funds of such city not necessary for the purpose appropriated without being deemed in violation of any provision of the law re- lating to the city budget. L. 1921, ch. 99, superseded by Par. 12 -701 to 12 -706. 12 -707. AUTHORIZATION AND REGULATION OF ZONES AND DISTRICTS. That the governing body of any city is hereby author- ized by ordinance to divide such city into zones or districts, and regulate and restrict the location of trades and industries, and the location, erection, alteration and repair of buildings designed for specific uses, and the uses of the land within each district or zone. 12.708. BOUNDARIES OF DISTRICTS; NOTICE AND HEARING; PROTESTS. In a municipality having a city planning commission created pursuant to law, the governing body shall require such commission to recommend the boundaries of districts and appropri- ate regulation to be enforced therein. Such commission shall make a tentative report and hold public hearings thereon at such times and places and upon such notices as said governing body shall re- quire before submitting its final report. The governing body shall not determine the boundaries of any district nor impose any regu- lations until after the final report of such city planning commission. In any municipality where there is no city planning commission in existence, the governing body may appoint either a committee or special commission, whichever it deems most suitable, to exercise the powers given to the city planning commission under this sec- tion. After such final report is submitted to the governing body, and the final adoption of regulations by the governing body, the gov- erning body may from time to time amend, supplement or change the boundaries or regulations contained in such final report: Pro- vided, such proposed change shall first be submitted to the city planning commission or special committee of commission, for recommendation and report: And provided further, That not less than thirty days' notice of any such proposed change shall first be published in the official newspapers of such municipality and a hearing be granted to any person interested at a time and place specified in such notice. If, however, a protest against such amend- ment, supplement, or change be presented, duly signed and ac- knowledged by the owners of twenty per cent or more of any frontage proposed to be altered, or by the owners of twenty per 61 cent of the frontage immediately in the rear thereof, or by the own- ers of twenty per cent of the frontage directly opposite a frontage proposed to be altered, such amendment shall not be passed ex- cept by at least four - fifths vote of the council or board of commis- sioners. 12 -709. EXISTING STRUCTURES; DAMAGED BUILDINGS. Ordi- nances passed under authority of this act shall not apply to existing structures nor to the existing use of any building, but shall apply to any alteration of a building to provide for its use for a purpose, or in a manner different from the use to which it was put before the alteration: Provided, That this act shall not prevent the restora- tion of a building damaged not more than fifty per cent of its as. sessed valuation by fire, explosion, act of God, or the public enemy, or prevent the continuance of the use of such building or part there- of as such as existed at the time of such damage, or prevent a change of such existing use except under limitations provided here- in in relation to existing buildings and premises. 12 -710. CRIMES AND SUITS. Cities which have heretofore or shall hereafter pass ordinances under the provision of this act shall have power to declare the violation thereof a misdemeanor and punish- able by a fine not to exceed five hundred dollars ($500) for each of- fense and to provide that each day's violation shall constitute a separate offense and said cities shall further have the authority to maintain suits or actions in any court of competent jurisdiction for the purpose of enforcing the provision of such ordinance and to abate nuisances maintained in violation thereof. In case any build- ing or structure is or is proposed to be erected, constructed, altered, converted, or maintained, or any building, structure, or land is or is proposed to be, used in violation of any ordinance enacted under this act, the building inspector, city attorney, or other appropriate authority of the municipality may, in addition to other remedies, institute injunction, mandamus, or other appropriate action or pro- ceeding to prevent such unlawful erection, construction, reconstruc- tion, alteration, conversion, maintenance, or use, or to correct or abate such violation, or to prevent the occupancy of said building, structure, or land. 12 -711. VALIDITY OF ACT. Should any section or provision of this act be determined to be unconstitutional or invalid, the same shall not affect the validity of the act as a whole or any part thereof other than the part so determined to be unconstitutional. 12 -712. REASONABLENESS OF REGULATIONS. That any ordinance or regulation provided for or authorized by this act shall be reason- able, and any taxpayer or any other person having an interest in property affected, may have the reasonableness of any ordinance or regulation determined by bringing an action, in the district court of the county in which such city is situated, against the gov- erning body of said city. 12 -713. RACE DISCRIMINATIONS. Nothing herein contained shall be construed as authorizing the governing body to discriminate against any person by reason of race or color. 12 -714. BOARD OF ZONING APPEALS; QUALIFICATIONS; AP. POINTMENT; TERMS; VACANCIES. The governing body of any city which has enacted a zoning ordinance under the authority of Sections 12 -707 to 12 -713, both sections inclusive, of the G. S. of 1935, is hereby authorized to create by ordinance a Board of Zon- ing Appeals. Such board shall consist of not less than three, or more than seven members, all of whom shall be taxpayers and residents of the city, to be appointed by the mayor by and with the consent of the Council or Board of Commissioners. The members first ap- pointed shall serve respective terms of one, two and three years, divided as nearly equal as possible between the members. There- after members shall be appointed for terms of three years each. Vacancies shall be filled by appointment for the unexpired term. The members of such board shall serve without compensation. 12 -715. SAME POWERS. The governing body of the city may au- thorize such Board of Zoning Appeals to administer the details of the application of the zoning ordinance and regulations in accordance with the general rules set forth in the zoning ordinance, including the power to hear and determine appeals from the refusal of build- ing permits and to permit exceptions to, or variations from, the 62 zoning regulations in the classes of cases or situations and in ac- cordance with the purpose, conditions and procedure specified by the governing body of the city. Appendix B ESTABLISHMENT AND IMPROVEMENT OF PUBLIC PARKING STATIONS 13.1374. PARKING STATIONS; EMINENT DOMAIN. Any city of the first class in the state of Kansas may, in the discretion of its gov- erning body, acquire by purchase, gift or condemnation, lands for public parking stations in or near commercial or industrial dis- tricts in such city. In acquiring said lands for public parking sta- tions by condemnation, the provisions of Article 2, Chapter 26, of the General Statutes of 1935 or any amendments thereto, shall, insofar as applicable, apply to and be followed in such condemna- tion proceedings. 13 -1375. A benefit district shall be established by ordinance. One benefit district may be designated for the acquisition of lands for one or several parking stations. Prior to the establishment of a benefit district, the governing body of the city may conduct a sur- vey and investigation for the purpose of determining suitable loca- tions for parking stations, the approximate cost of acquiring and im- proving the land therefor, the area to be included in the benefit district or districts and the percentage of the costs of acquiring and improving such parking stations to be assessed against the benefit district which shall be not less than fifty per cent (50 %) nor more than ninety per cent (90 %). A written report on such survey and investigation shall be filed in the office of the city clerk in such city. For the purpose of such survey and investigation, the govern- ing body may employ such appraisers, engineers and other per- sons as it may deem necessary. The costs of such survey and in- vestigation shall be included as a part of the cost of acquiring and improving the land for parking stations but if no land be acquired such costs may be paid from the general fund of the city. In es- tablishing a benefit district, the governing body may fix the per- centage of the cost of acquiring and improving lands for parking stations which is to be assessed against the benefit district. 13 -1376. After a benefit district has been established, no further proceedings shall be taken unless there is filed with the city clerk within sixty days of the passage of the ordinance creating the benefit district a petition requesting the establishment of public parking stations. Such petition shall be signed by the resident owners of real estate owning not less than fifty -one percent of the front feet of the real estate fronting or abutting upon any street included within the limits of the benefit district. In determining the sufficiency of the petition, lands owned by the city, county, state or United States or by non-resident owners of real estate within the benefit district shall not be counted in the aggregate of lands within such benefit district. After any petition has been signed by an owner of land in the benefit district, the change of ownership of said land shall not affect the petition. In any case where the owners of lands within the benefit district are tenants in common or joint tenants, each cotenant or joint tenant shall be considered a landowner to the extent of his undivided interest in said land. The owner of a life estate shall also be deemed the sole land owner for the purpose of this act. Guardians of minors or insane persons may petition for their wards when authorized by the probate court so to do. Resident owner of land, as defined herein, shall be any landowner who has resided in the city for thirty days prior to the passage of the ordinance and owning land in the benefit district. A Kansas corporation having its registered office in the city and owning land in the benefit district shall be deemed a resident landowner. No suit shall be maintained in any court to enjoin or in any way contest the establishment of such parking stations or the establishment of a benefit district unless said suit be instituted and summons served within thirty days from and after the date of the filing of such petition with the city clerk. 13 -1377. TITLE TO LAND. Title to the land condemned for parking stations shall vest in the city upon the giving of notice by the commissioners appointed to appraise and assess damages as speci- fied in Article 2, Chapter 26, of the General Statutes of 1935 or any amendments thereto. 13 -1378. Whenever the governing body shall have acquired lands for public parking stations it shall cause to be made by some competent person an estimate, under oath, of the cost of improving the land for parking stations, which estimate shall be filed with the city clerk. The percentage of the cost of improving such parking stations to be assessed agains the benefit district shall be the same as determined for the cost of acquiring the lands therefor. The as- sessment against the benefit district shall be apportioned among the various lots, tracts, pieces and parcels of land within the benefit district in accordance with the special benefits accruing thereto, this apportionment of benefit assessments to be made by three disinterested property owners appointed by the governing body of such city within thirty days after the filing of the estimates of the cost of said improvement with the city clerk. As soon as the amount chargeable against each piece of property is ascertained, the governing body of such city shall by ordinance levy such amount against this said real estate in the benefit district, which ordinance shall be published once in the official city paper. No suit to question the validity of the proceedings of the city shall be com- menced after thirty days from the awarding of a contract for such improvements and until the expiration of said thirty days the con- tractor shall not commence work under his contract. If no suit shall be filed within such thirty days then all proceedings theretofore had shall be held to be regular, sufficient and valid. 13 -1379. The cost of acquisition and improvement of such public parking stations may be levied and assessed in not to exceed ten installments, with interest on the whole amount remaining due and unpaid each year at a rate of interest not exceeding five per- cent per annum. Any owner of land within the benefit district may, within thirty days after the assessment ordinance is passed, pay the entire amount assessed against said land. Authority is given the governing body of such city to assess, levy and collect the cost of acquisition and improvement of such public parking stations as is assessed against the privately owned property in the benefit district, and to levy a general tax on all the property in such city to pay such part of the cost thereof as is not assessed against the privately owned property in the benefit district. No suit shall be maintained in any court to enjoin or in any way contest the validity of any special assessment for the cost of acquiring or improving such parking stations unless the same be instituted and summons served within thirty days from and after the date of the publication of the ordinance levying such assessment: PROVIDED, That where a city has improved parking lots under the provisions of this act such city shall have the authority to reimprove such parking lots and shall pay for such reimprovements by the issuance of revenue bonds as provided by law and: PROVIDED FURTHER, Said govern- ing body of such city is authorized to lease such reimprovements for a term of years, and in a sufficient amount, per year to retire said revenue bonds, after which, the proceeds of such lease shall be credited to the general fund of said city. 13 -1380. Bonds of such city may be issued and sold to pay the cost of the lands so acquired and the cost of such improvements. Bonds so issued and sold shall be payable in ten annual install- ments of equal amounts each year and bear interest at a rate not to exceed five percent per annum. After any parking stations are acquired and improved by the city, the cost of maintaining, operating and policing the same shall be borne by the city. The use of such stations shall be free or for such charge or charges as shall be determined by the governing body to be collected either by parking meters or by attendants or otherwise. If any parking station so acquired and improved shall become unsuitable or unusable as a parking station, the governing body by ordinance may discontinue the use of said land as a parking station and use the same for other city purposes or sell the same as pro- vided by law. 13 -1381. INVALIDITY OF PART. That if any part or parts, word or phrases or any section shall be held to be unconstitutional, such unconstitutionality shall not affect the validity of the remaining parts of this act and it shall be conclusively presumed that the legis- lature would have passed this act without such part or parts which shall be held to be unconstitutional. Appendix C OFF - STREET PARKING STATIONS Section 1. It is hereby declared that the off - street parking is an integral part of the regulation of traffic and that all cities of the first and second class may establish such parking in accordance with the following provisions of this act. Section 2. Any city of the first or second class may acquire by donation, purchase or condemnation real estate for off - street park- ing stations, and may dispose of improvements thereon not ap- propriate to parking uses, if there be such, and may improve the site or sites by the necessary facilities, including buildings, for the off - street parking of vehicles to relieve parking congestion on the city streets. The governing body may exercise the authority herein granted if there is money in the current operating fund re- lating to highways, streets and alleys or in the parking meter fund which will not be necessary for current operations during any budget year. If there is no such money available or if there is not sufficient money available in any funds aforesaid, the governing body may submit the proposition of issuing general obligation bonds for such amount as may be necessary to acquire a site of sites and to make the necessary improvements for off - street park ing facilities to an election as provided in section 10 -120 of the General Statutes of 1935, and any amendments thereto. Revenue from parking meters, either from the off - street parking facilities or upon the streets, not needed for the purchase and maintenance of parking meters, regulation of parking and the operation of the oft - street parking facilities, shall be used to pay on the bonds, but any lack of revenue from this source shall be supplemented by a gen- eral bond tax. The bonds shall be issued as provided by law. Off - street parking shall be free or for such charge or charges as shall be determined by the governing body to be collected either by parking meters or by attendants or otherwise and the revenue so derived shall be maintained in a revolving operating fund which need not be budgeted except that there shall be shown in the an- nual published budget the total amount received from each and all street parking and off - street parking facilities and the amount spent during each budget year and the purposes, including payments on bonds and interest, for which spent. Nothing in this act shall be deemed as affecting or repealing the provisions of sections 13 -1374 to 13 -1381, both sections inclusive of the General Statutes Supple- ment of 1947. Appendix D ORDINANCE PROVIDING FOR A CITY PLANNING COMMISSION ORDINANCE NUMBER 3083 An ORDINANCE creating a City Planning Commission for the City of Salina providing for the appointment of the members of and defining the duties of such Commission, providing for the ap- proval of such Commission of all plats or replats of lands or addi- tions in or adjoining the City of Salina; and repealing all ordinances or parts of ordinances in conflict herewith. BE IT ORDAINED by the Board of Commissioners of the City of Salina, Kansas: CITY PLANNING COMMISSION CREATED. SEC. 1. That there be and there is hereby created a Commission to be known as the City Planning Commission of the City of Salina. MEMBERS OF COMMISSION. APPOINTMENT. SEC. 2. The City Planning Commission shall consist of 7 members, all of whom shall be tax payers and residents of the City of Salina and shall be ap- pointed by the Mayor and with the consent of the Board of Com- missioners. That said members shall serve for terms of 3 years from the 1st day of May of the year in which they are appointed and that not more than 2 of such members shall be appointed in any 1 year, provided however that vacancies caused by the death, resignation or other disability of any member shall be filled for 63 the unexpired term only. That members of such commission shall serve without compensation and shall perform the duties and have the powers hereinafter provided for; and provided further that the members of the City Planning Commission now holding office as such shall continue to hold such offices as members of the Com- mission hereby created until the expiration of the terms for which they were heretofore appointed. ORGANIZATION OF COMMISSION. SEC. 3. The members of the City Planning Commission shall meet at least once a month at such time and place as they may fix by resolution. They shall select one of their number as Chairman and 1 as vice chairman, who shall serve 1 year, or until their successor has been selected. Special meetings may be called at any time by the Chairman or in his absence by the Vice - Chairman. A majority of the Commission shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of business. The Commis- sion shall cause a proper record to be kept of its proceedings. DUTIES OF COMMISSION. SEC. 4. 1'he powers and duties of the Commission shall be to make plans and maps of the whole or any portion of the City of Salina and of any land outside of the Chy which, in the opinion of the Commission bears relation to the plan- ning of the City of Salina and to make changes in such plans or maps when it deems the same advisable. Such maps or plans shall show the Commission's recommendations for new streets, alleys, ways, viaducts, bridges, sub -ways, park -ways, parks, playgrounds or any other public ground or public improvement and the removal, relocation, widening or extension of such works then existing with a view to the systematic planning of the municipality, and the Commission shall make recommendations to the Board of Commis- sioners of the City of Salina concerning the location of streets, transportation and communication facilities, public buildings and grounds and other civic improvements and matters affecting the appearance of the City; and shall make such recommendations as they deem properly relative to any matters concerning the location of buildings or other matters which may be referred to them by the Board of Commissioners. Whenever the Commission shall have made and agreed upon a plan for the development of the munici- pality or any portion thereof, such plan or plans shall be submitted to the Board of Commissioners for their consideration and action. PLATS AND ADDITIONS SUBMITTED TO COMMISSION. SEC. 5. All maps, plats, or replats, of land laid out in building lots and the streets, illevs or other portions of the same, intended to be dedi- cated to puolic use, or for the use of purchasers or owners of lots fronting thereon or adjacent thereto and located within the City Limits of the City of Salina or any addition adjoining and connect- ing with such City shall be submitted to the City Planning Com- mission for their consideration and their recommendations, and shall then be submitted to the Board of Commissioners of the City of Salina for the official consideration and action of such Board. No such plat or re -plat shall be filed with the Register of Deeds, pro- vided by law, until such plat or re -plat shall have the endorsement upon it of the fact that it has been first submitted to the City Plan- ning Commission and by the City Planning Commission to the Governing Board or Body of such City, and by such Governing Body duly approved, in accordance with the requirements of Section .... of the Revised Statutes of Kansas, 1923. PLATS APPROVED BY BOARD OF COMMISSIONERS. FILED WITH REGISTER OF DEEDS. SEC. 6. Any person or corporation de- siring to subdivide any tract of land within or touching the bound- ary line of the City shall plat the same so as to conform to plats, streets and alleys of said City next adjoining said land and shall submit the plat thereof, together with an abstract of title to the Governing Body of said City Yor approval before filing said plat in the office of the register of deeds. No reservation shall be made in the dedication of the streets, alleys or public grounds by said grantor in any of such streets, alleys or public grounds for any purpose whatsoever. When any such plat is filed with the Board of Commissioners of the City of Salina for approval the same shall be referred to the City Planning Commission for their recommenda- tion as provided by the preceding Section of this ordinance. No plat or anv land of which the streets and allevs do not conform to the streets and alleys next adjoining shall be legal unless the same be submitted to the Board of Commissioners of the City of Salina 64 and by such Board of Commissioners approved, or if any reserva- tion is made by the grantor in any street, alley or public ground contained in any such plat. CITY OPENS STREETS. PLATS ILLEGAL. SEC. 7. Whenever any plat is filed, the streets or alleys of which do not conform to the streets and alleys of the City of Salina previously platted and next adjoining such plat, the City of Salina shall have the right, if such was not duly approved by the Board of Commissioners of the City of Salina, to open any street or alley through such land, which may conform to the streets or alleys adjoining such plat and in opening any such street, such plat shall be regarded as not having been filed, and the owners of the property through which such streets or alleys are opened or of any other property affected by such opening, shall have recourse for such damages as they may sus- tain against the grantor or grantors in said plat in accordance with the provisions of Section 13 -113 of the Revised Statutes of Kansas, 1923. CONFLICTING ORDINANCE REPEALED. SEC. 8. That all ordi- nances or parts of ordinances in conflict with the provisions of this ordinance be and the same are hereby repealed. TAKE EFFECT. SEC. 9. This ordinance shall take effect and be in force from and after its publication once in the Book of Revised Ordinances of the City of Salina. Introduced for first reading, February 16th, 1925. Passed and approved, March 2nd, 1925. J. S. Hargett, Mayor (SEAL) ATTEST: Chas. E. Banker, City Clerk STATE OF KANSAS ) ) SS COUNTY OF SALINE ) I, Chas. E. Banker, City Clerk of the City of Salina, Kansas do here- by certify that the above and foregoing is a true and correct copy of Ordinance No. 3803, passed and approved by the Board of Commissioners of the City of Salina, Kansas, March 2nd, 1925. Chas. E. Banker, City Clerk Appendix E ZONING ORDINANCE ORDINANCE NUMBER 5549 An ordinance to regulate and restrict the use of land and the lo- cation of buildings designed for specific uses; to regulate and re- strict the location of trades and industries; to regulate and limit the height and bulk of buildings hereafter erected or altered; to regulate and determine the area of yards, courts and other open spages_;-:to regulate and limit the density of population; to divide the city into districts and establish, by reference to a map, the bound- aries of said districts for said purposes; to provide for a board of zoning appeals and defining its powers and duties; to provide for enforcement and prescribing penalties for violation; to provide for amendments; to provide for permits and certificates of occupancy; to provide for interpretation of this and other ordinances or laws or covenants, etc., relating to the same or similar subjects: To provide that if any clause, sentence, section, paragraph or part of this ordinance shall be held invalid, such invalidity shall not in- validate the remainder; to provide for the saving of all remedies of the City of Salina for violations of Ordinance No. 3188, and all amendments and supplements thereto, or an other previously existing zoning ordinances; to provide for the repeal of all other ordinance or parts of such ordinances .in conflict with this ordinance; subject, however to the saving of existing remedies, as aforesaid. Be It Ordained by the Board of Commissioners of the City of Salina, Kansas: Section 1. DISTRICTS. For the purpose of regulating and restrict- ing the location of trades and industries, and the location, erection, alteration, and repair of buildings designed for specific uses, and the use of land, the City of Salina, Kansas is hereby divided into seven districts as follows: District A. First Dwelling House District District B. Second Dwelling House District District C. Apartment District District D. Local Business District District E. General Business District District F. Light Industrial District District G. Heavy Industrial District Section 2. DISTRICT MAP ADOPTED. Boundaries of the districts as enumerated in Section 1 of this ordinance, are hereby estab. lished as shown on the map attached hereto, which map is hereby designated as the "Zoning District Map ", and said map and all the notations, references and information shown thereon are hereby made as much a part of this ordinance as if the same were set forth in full herein. It shall be the duty of the City Clerk to keep on file in his office an authentic copy of said map, all changes, amend- ments or additions thereto, and duplicate copies thereof shall be kept on file in the office of the City Planning Commission and Buildng Inspector. When definite distances in feet are not shown on the Zoning District Map, the district boundaries are intended to be along existing street, alley or plotted lot lines, or extension of the same, and if the exact location of such lines is not clear, it shall be de- termined by the Building Inspector, due consideration being giv- en to location as indicated by the scale of the Zoning District Map. When the streets or alleys on the ground differ from the streets or alleys as shown on the Zoning District Map, the Building Inspec- tor may apply the district designations on the map to the streets or alleys on the ground in such manner as to conform to the intent and purpose of this ordinance. All territory which may hereafter be annexed to the City of Salina shall automatically be classed as lying and being in District "A" until such classification shall have been changed by an amend- ment to the Zoning Ordinance, as provided by law. Whenever any street or alley is vacated, the particular district in which the adjacent property lies shall automatically be extended to the center line of any such street or alley. Section 3. BOARD OF ZONING APPEALS. The Board of City Commissioners of Salina is hereby designated as the Board of Zon- ing Appeals. The word "Board ", when used in this ordinance, shall be construed to mean the Board of Zoning Appeals. The pow- ers and duties of the Board are outlined in Section 23. Section 4. DEFINITIONS. For the purpose of this Ordinance, the following words and terms as used herein are defined to mean the following: Words used in the present tense include the future; words in the singular number include the plural; and words in the plural number include the singular; the word "building" includes the word "structure"; the word "shall" or the word "must" is manda- tory and not directory; the word "lot' includes the word "plot"; the term "used for" includes the meaning "designated for" or "in- tended for'. 1. ACCESSORY BUILDING OR USE: A subordinate building, or a portion of the main building having a use customarily incident to and located on the lot occupied by the main building; or a use customarily incident to the main use of the property. 2. ALLEY: A public way which affords only a secondary means of access to abutting property. 3. APARTMENT: A room or a suite of rooms within an apartment house arranged, intended, or designed for a place of residence of a single family or group of individuals living together as a single housekeeping unit. 4. APARTMENT �- IOUSE: A building arranged, intended, or de- signed for more than two families. 5. APARTMENT HOTEL: An apartment house which furnishes for the use of its tenants services ordinarily furnished by hotels, but the privileges of which are not primarily available to the public. 6. BASEMENT: A story below the first story as hereafter defined. 7. BLOCK: A piece or parcel of land entirely surrounded by pub- lic highways or streets, other than alleys. In cases where the platting is incomplete or disconnected, the Building Inspector shall determine the outline of the block. 8. BOARDING HOUSE OR LODGING HOUSE: A building other than a hotel, occupied as a single housekeeping unit, where lodg- ing or meals are provided for five or more persons for compensa- tion, pursuant to previous arrangements, but not for the public or transients. 9. CURB LEVEL: The mean level of the curb in front of the lot, or in case of a corner lot, along that abutting street where the mean curb level is the highest. 10. DWELLING: A building or portion thereof, designed ex- clusively for residential occupancy, including one family, two family, and multiple dwellings, boarding and lodging houses, but not hotels. 11. DWELLING, ONE - FAMILY: A detached building arranged, in- tended, or designed for occupancy by one family. 12. DWELLING, TWO - FAMILY: A building arranged, intended, or designed for occupancy by two families. 13. DWELLING, MULTIPLE: A building or portion thereof, ar- ranged, intended, or designed for occupancy by three or more families, including apartment houses, row houses, tenements and apartment hotels. 14. FAMILY: Any number of individuals living together as a single housekeeping unit, as distinguished from a group occuping a boarding house, lodging house or hotel as defined herein. 15. GARAGE, COMMUNITY: A building or portion thereof, other than a public, private, or storage garage providing storage for motor vehicles with facilities for washing, but no other services, such garage to be in lieu of private garages within a block or portion of block. 16. GARAGE, PRIVATE: An accessory building for storage only of motor vehicles. 17. GARAGE, PUBLIC: A building or portion thereof, designed or used for the storage, sale, hiring, care or repair of motor vehicles, which is operated for commercial purposes. 18. GARAGE, STORAGE: A building or portion thereof, except those defined as a private, a public, or a community garage pro- viding storage for motor vehicles, with facilities for washing but no other services. 19. HEIGHT OF BUILDINGS: The vertical distance measured from the highest of the following three levels: a. From the street curb level; b. From the established or mean street grade in case the curb has not been constructed; 3. From the average finished ground level adjoining the build- ing if it sets back from the street line: to the level of the highest point of the roof beams of flat roofs or roofs inclining not more than one inch to the foot, and to the mean height level of the top of the main plate and highest ridge for other roofs. 20. HEIGHT OF YARD OR COURT: The vertical distance from the lowest level of such yard or court to the highest point of any boundary wall. 21. HOTEL: A building occupied or used as a more or less tem- porary abiding place of individuals or groups of individuals who are lodged, with or without meals, and in which there are more than twelve sleeping rooms, and no provision for cooking in indi- vidual rooms. 22. LOT: A parcel of land occupied or to be occupied by one building, or unit group of buildings, and the accessory buildings or uses customarily incident thereto, including such open spaces as are required under this ordinance, and having its principal front- age upon a public street or place. 23. LOT, CORNER: A lot abutting upon two or more streets at their intersection. A corner lot shall be deemed to front on that street on which it has its least dimension, unless otherwise speci- fied by the Building Inspector. 24. LOT, INTERIOR: A lot whose side lines do not abut upon any street. 25. LOT, THROUGH: An interior lot having frontages on two streets. 26. LOT LINES: The lines bounding a lot as defined herein. 27. LOT DEPTH: The mean horizontal distance from the front street line to the rear line. 28. LOT WIDTH: The mean horizontal distance between side lines measured at right angles to the depth. 65 29. NON - CONFORMING USE, BUILDING OR YARD: A use, building or yard existing legally at the time of the passage of this ordinance which does not, by reason of design or use, conform to the regulations of the district in which it is situated. 30. PLACE: An open, unoccupied space other than a street or al- ley permanently established or dedicated as the principal means of access to property abutting thereon. 31. REAR LINE: The boundary line which is opposite and most distant from the front street line; except that in the case of uncer- tainty the Building Inspector shall determine the rear line. 32. SIDE LINE: Any lot boundary line not a front or rear line thereof. A side line may be a party lot line, a line bordering on an alley or place or a side street line. 33. STABLE, PRIVATE: An accessory building for the keeping of horses or mules only, such horses and mules to be owned by oc- cupants of the premises, and not kept for remuneration, hire or sale. 34. STABLE, PUBLIC: A stable other than a private or riding stable as defined herein. 35. STABLE, RIDING: A structure in which horses or mules used exclusively for pleasure riding or driving are housed, boarded, or kept for hire; including riding track. 36. STORY: That part of a building included between the surface of one floor and the surface of the floor next above, or if there be no floor above, that part of the building which is above the sur- face of the highest floor thereof. A top story attic is a half story when the main line of the eaves is not above the middle of the interior height of such story. The first story is the highest story having its interior floor surface not more than four feet above the curb level, established or mean street grade, or average ground level, as mentioned in paragraph 19 of this section. 37. STREET: A public thoroughfare which affords principal means of access to property abutting thereon. 38. STREET LINE: The dividing line between the street and the abutting property. 39. STRUCTURE: Anything constructed or erected, which re- quires location on the ground, or attached to something having a location on the ground; including, but not limited to advertising signs, billboards, and poster panels, but exclusive of customary fences or boundary or retaining walls. 40. STRUCTURAL ALTERATIONS: Any change in the supporting members of a building, such as bearing walls, columns, beams or girders. 41. TOURIST CABIN OR TRAILER CAMPS: A tract or parcel of land upon which one or more tourist cabins, for transient use only, are located, or where temporary accommodations are provided for two or more automobile trailers, tents or house cars, open to the public either free or for a fee. 42. YARD: An open space at grade between a building and the adjoining lot lines, unoccupied and unobstructed by any portion of a structure from the ground upward, except as otherwise provid- ed. In measuring a yard for the purpose of determining the width of a side yard, the depth of a front yard or the depth of a rear yard, the least horizontal distance between the lot line and the main building shall be used. 43. YARD, FRONT: A yard across the full width of the lot ex- tending from the front line of the main building to the front street line of the lot. 44. YARD, REAR: A yard between the rear lot line and the rear line of the main building and the side lot lines. 45. YARD, SIDE: A yard between the main building and the adjacent side line of the lot, and extending entirely from the front yard to the rear yard thereof. Section 5. REQUIREMENTS MUST BE OBSERVED.— Except as hereinafter provided: 1. No buildings or structures shall be erected, constructed, re- constructed or structurally altered, nor shall any building, struc- ture or land be used for any purpose other than is permitted in the district in which such building, structure or land is situated. 2. No building or structure shall be erected, constructed, extend- ed, enlarged, reconstructed or structurally altered to exceed the 66 height or area limit herein established for the district in which such building or structure is situated. 3. No lot area shall be reduced or diminished so that the yards or other open spaces shall be smaller than prescribed by this or- dinance, nor shall the density of population be increased in any manner, except in conformity with the area regulations established herein. Section 6. DISTRICT "A" (First Dwelling House District). USE REGULATIONS. In District "A" no building, structure, land or premises shall be used, and no building or structure shall be hereafter erected, con- structed, reconstructed or altered except for one or more of the following uses: 1. Dwellings, one family. 2. Churches and community buildings. 3. Public parks and playgrounds, golf courses, (except miniature golf courses, driving ranges and other similar activities operated as a business), public recreation buildings and public museums. 4. Public schools, elementary and high, and private schools with curriculum equivalent to that of a public elementary or high school, and institutions of higher learning, including stadiums and dormi- tories in conjunction, if located on the campus. 5. Public administrative buildings, public libraries, police stations and fire statons. 6. Railroad right of ways, not including railroad yards. 7. Agriculture, nurseries, and truck gardens limited to the propa- gation and cultivation of plants; provided no retail or wholesale business shall be conducted upon the premises, and provided that no obnoxious fertilizer is stored upon the premises, and no ob- noxious soil or fertilizer renovation is conducted thereon. 8. Accessory uses, customarily incident to the above uses and located on the same lot therewith, not involving the conduct of a retail business: (a) The term accessory use shall include customary home occu- pations, such as the office of physician, dentist, surgeon, dress- maker, musician, or artist, but not including barber shops or beauty parlors, under the following restrictions: (1) That such uses are located in the dwelling used by a person as his or her private residence. (2) That no assistant other than a member of the family house- hold is employed, and no window display or sign, either illumi- nated or more than one square foot in area is used to advertise the same. (3) That no power other than electric and of not more than one horse power is used. (b) A billboard, signboard, or advertising sign shall not be per- mitted as an accessory use, except that the placing of an unillumi- nated "For Sale" or "For Rent' sign not more than eight (8) square feet in area may be permitted as an accessory use, and except that churches and other institutions may display signs showing names, activities and services therein provided, and that during construc- tion of a building one unilluminated sign advertising contractors or architects for such buildings shall be pe ;mitted, providing such sign shall not be more than eight (8) square feet in area, and shall be set back of the established customary building line, and such sign shall be removed immediately upon completion of the building. (c) There shall be permitted one private garage with space for not more than one motor vehicle for each three thousand (3,000) square feet of lot area (but permitting a minimum of two cars), one private stable for not more than one horse or mule for each five thousand (5,000) square feet of lot area, or servants quarters; pro- vided that such garage, stable or servants quarters shall be located not less than sixty (60) feet from the front lot line, nor less than three (3) feet from anv side lot line, and in the case of corner lots not less than the distance required for residences from side streets; and further provided that such servants quarters shall be occupied only by servants employed on the premises. A garage may be constructed across a common lot line by mutual agreement between property owners. A garage or servants quarters constructed as an integral part of the main building shall be subject to the regulations affecting the main building. i i i i i i i i i i I� i (d) Community garages may be permitted by the Board. Such community garage may provide facilities for washing cars, and access thereto, if from the street, shall be by not more than one driveway. Such garages shall be so located as to be distant at least six (6) feet from any party lot line and shall be set back from any front or side street line a distance at least ten (10) feet greater than would be required for a residence building in the same loca- tion, and shall not be over one story or sixteen feet high. No com- mercial vehicle shall be housed in any such community garage. (e) Temporary real estate sales office, located on property being sold, and limited to period of sale, but not exceeding two years without special permit from the Board. (f) There shall be permitted as an accessory use, recreation and service buildings or refectories in a public park or playground. HEIGHT AND AREA REGULATIONS. In District "A" the height of buildings, the minimum dimensions of lots and yards, and the minimum lot area per family permitted on any lot, shall be as follows: (For exceptions see Section 17). Height: No building shall exceed thirty -five (35) feet or two and one half stories. Front Yards: Any building hereafter constructed shall provide for a front yard, the minimum depth of which shall be at least twenty -five (25) percent of the depth of the lot, but the depth of such front yard need not be more than twenty -five (25) feet. Side Yards: There shall be a side yard on each side of a building not less than twelve (12) percent of the width of the lot. Such side yard shall not be less than four (4) feet, and need not be more than ten (10) feet. Buildings on corner lots, where interior lots have been platted or sold fronting on the side street, may project not more than ten (10) feet in front of the line established for buildings by the front yard requirements for the interior lots on the side street, provided this regulation shall not be so interpreted as to reduce the buildable width of a corner lot in separate ownership at the time of the passage of this ordinance, to less than twenty -eight (28) feet, and provided, that the side yard regulations above shall be observed. Rear Yards: The depth of the rear yard shall be at least twenty - five (25) percent of the depth of the lot, but such depth need not be more than thirty (30) feet. Width of Lot: The minimum width of an interior lot shall be sixty (60) feet, and a corner lot seventy (70) feet, provided that where a lot has less width than herein required, in separate owner- ship at the time of the passage of this ordinance, this regulation will not prohibit the erection of a one family dwelling. Lot Area per Family: Every dwelling hereafter erected or al- tered shall provide a lot area of not less than six thousand (6,000) square feet per family, provided that where a lot has less area than herein required in separate ownerships at the time of passage of this ordinance, this regulation shall not prohibit the erection of a one family dwelling. Section 7. DISTRICT "B" (Second Dwelling House District). USE REGULATIONS. In District "B" no building, structure, land or premises shall be used, and no building or structure shall be hereafter erected, con- structed, reconstructed or altered except for one or more of the following uses: 1. Any use permitted in District "A ". 2. Two Family dwellings. 3. Accessory uses as provided in District "A ", except that in District "B" a private garage may provide space for not more than one motor vehicle for each two thousand (2,000) square feet of lot area. HEIGHT AND AREA REGULATIONS. In District 'B" the height of buildings, the minimum dimensions of lots and yards and the minimum lot area per family permitted upon any lot shall be as follows: (For exceptions see Section 17). Height: Same as District "A" Front Yards: Same as District "A" Side Yards: Same as District "A ", including regulations for cor- ner lots adjacent to reversed frontage. Rear Yards: Same as District "A" Width of Lot: The minimum width of a lot shall be fifty (50) feet, provided that where it has less width than herein required, in separate ownership at the time of the passage of this ordi- nance, this regulation shall not prohibit the erection of a one family dwelling. Lot Area per Family: Every dwelling hereafter erected or altered shall provide a lot area of not less than six thousand (6,000) square feet per family for one family dwellings, or three thousand (3,000) square feet per family for two family dwellings, provided that where a lot has less area than herein provided, in separate owner- ship at the time of passage of this ordinance, this regulation shall not prohibit the erection of a one family dwelling. Section 8. DISTRICT "C ". (Apartment House District). USE REG- ULATIONS. In District "C" no building, structure, land or premises shall be used, and no building or structure shall be hereafter erected, con- structed, reconstructed, or altered, except for one or more of the following uses: 1. Any use permitted in District "B ". 2. Apartment houses, flats, or multiple dwellings. 3. Boarding and lodging houses. 4. Fraternity or sorority houses and dormitories. 5. Hotels or Apartment Hotels. 6. Hospitals, clinics, sanitariums or homes for convalescent or aged, other than for the insane or feeble minded. 7. Private clubs or fraternal orders. 8. Philanthropic or elemosynary institutions, other than penal institutions. 9. Accessory uses customarily incident to any of the above uses, and located on the same lot, not involving the conduct of a retail business: (a) There shall be permitted such facilities as are required for the operation of a hotel or apartment hotel, when conducted and entered from within the building, provided no window or other display or sign on the exterior of the building is used to advertise such use. (b) In this district a private garage accessory to a one or two family dwelling, may provide space for not more than one motor vehicle for each seven hundred and fifty (750) square feet of lot area, and a storage garage may be permitted as an accessory use to an apartment house, apartment hotel, hotel or duplex. No busi- ness occupation or service connected with motor vehicles shall, be permitted. The same provision regarding community garages ap- plies in this district as in District "A ". HEIGHT AND AREA REGULATIONS. In District "C" the height of buildings, the minimum dimensions of lots and yards and the minimum lot area per family permitted upon any lot shall be as follows: (For exceptions see Section 17). Height: No building shall exceed forty -five (45) feet or three (3) stories. Front Yards: Any building hereafter constructed shall provide for a front yard the minimum depth of which shall be at least twenty (20) percent of the depth of the lot, but the depth of such front yard need not be more than twenty (20) feet. Side Yards: Same as District "A ", including regulations for cor- ner lots adjacent to reversed frontage, provided the width shall be increased one inch for each foot of height of building above thirty - five (35) feet. Rear Yards: The depth of the rear yard shall be at least twenty - five (25) percent of the depth of the lot, but such depth need not be more than twenty -five (25) feet. Width of Lot: Same as District 'B ". Lot Area per Family: Every building or portion of a building hereafter erected or altered shall provide a lot area of not less than one thousand (1000) square feet per family. Section 9. DISTRICT "D ". (Local Business District). USE REGULATIONS. In District "D" no building, structure, land or premises shall be used, and no building or structure shall be hereafter erected, con- structed, reconstructed, or altered, except for one or more of the following uses: 1. Any use permitted in District "C ". 2. Assembly Halls. 3. Automobile parking lots. 67 4. Automobile or trailer sales rooms or yards, other than premises where used vehicles are dismantled or used parts sold. 5. Bakeries employing not more than five persons on the prem- ises. 6. Banks. 7. Barber and Beauty Shops. 8. Battery stations. 9. Bicycle repair shops. 10. Cleaning, pressing and dyeing establishments, employing not more than five persons on the premises, provided that only non- explosive cleaning fluids shall be used. 11. Electric Substations. 12. Filling stations, provided all storage tanks for gasoline shall be below the surface of the ground. 13. Frozen food lockers for individual or family use, not including any processing of food except cutting and wrapping. 14. Garages (Public), except that in public garages no repair fa- cilities or activities shall be maintained outside of the building or in the front portion of the first story of the building within thirty (30) feet of the front of the building and no body or fender repairs or blacksmithing shall be conducted on any premises adjacent at the side or rear to a District "A ", "B" or "C ". 15. Garages (Storage). 16. Greenhouses (commercial). 17. Ice delivery stations for storage and sale of ice at retail only. 18. Laundries employing not more than five persons on the prem- ises. 19. Lodge Halls. 20. Miniature golf courses. 21. Mortuaries. 22. Offices. 23. Photographic printing shops. 24. Printing shops, provided the total mechanical power used in the operation of such printing plant shall not exceed five horse power. 25. Radio and television shops or studios. 26. Restaurants, cafes or cafeterias (excluding dancing, entertain- ment or provision for sale or consumption of liquor). 27. Schools operated as a business. 28. Shoe repair shops. 29. Shops for custom work, or the manufacture of articles to be sold at retail on the premises, provided that in such manufacture the total mechanical power shall not exceed five horse power for the operation of any one shop, and provided that the space occupied by the manufacturing use permitted herein shall not exceed fifty (50) percent of the total floor area of the entire building or the equivalent of the ground floor area thereof, and provided further that such manufacturing use is not noxious or offensive by reason of vibration, noise, odor, dust, smoke or gas. 30. Signs (advertising) when the same advertise only services, articles or products which are offered within the building, to which the sign is attached, or on the premises on which the sign is located. 31. Stores, shops and markets for retail trade. 32. Studios. 33. Theaters or picture shows (other than drive -in theaters). 34. Tire shops. 35. Accessory uses customarily incident to any of the above uses, including ice and refrigerating plants purely incidental to a main activity permitted on the premises, and when operated by electricity. HEIGHT AND AREA REGULATIONS. In District "D" the height of the buildings, the minimum dimen- sions of lots and yards and the minimum lot area per family per- mitted on any lot shall be as follows: provided that buildings erected exclusively for dwelling purposes shall comply with the front, side and rear yard requirements of District "C ". (For ex- ceptions see Section 17). Height: No building shall exceed thirty -five (35) feet, or two and one half stories, except that where a District ' joins a District "C" within the same block, the height may be increased to forty - five (45) feet or three stories within that block. Front Yards: The front yard shall be at least fifteen (15) feet, 68 except that it need be of no greater depth than the least depth established by existing buildings in a District "D " within the same block, and except that where a portion of a District "D" lies within the same block and fronts upon the same street with a portion of a District "A ", "B ", or "C" and no lot within said District "D" is occupied by a building with a front yard of less depth than that required in that portion of a District "A ", "B' or "C" adjoining, then in such case the front yard requirements of such adjoining Districts "A ", "B" or "C ", shall likewise be applicable to such portion of District "D ". Side Yards: No side yard is required except that where a side line of a lot in this district abuts upon a lot in a District "A ", „B„ or "C ", a side yard shall be provided as required in such District "A ", "B" or "C " Rear Yards: The depth of the rear yard shall be at least twenty (20) percent of the depth of the lot, but such depth need not be more than twenty (20) feet, except that on a corner lot no rear yard is required within fifty (50) feet of a side street, unless the rear line adjoins a District "A ", "B" or "C Width of Lot: The minimum width of the lot shall be fifty (50) feet, if used exclusively for one family, two family or multiple family dwellings, except as provided in District "B ". For other uses the width may be less. Lot Area per Family: Every building or portion of a building hereafter erected, altered or used for dwelling purposes, shall provide a lot area of not less than one thousand (1000) square feet per family. Section 10. DISTRICT "E" (General Business District). USE REGULATIONS. In District "E" no building, structure, land or premises shall be used, and no building or structure shall be hereafter erected, con- structed, reconstructed or altered, except for one or more of the following uses: 1. Any use permitted in District "D ". 2. Armories. 3. Beer Gardens, Bowling Alleys, Dance Halls, Shooting Gal- leries, Skating Rinks, and similar commercial recreation buildings or activities; provided, however, that the same shall be not less than two hundred (200) feet from any existing clinic, hospital, school or church; and shall not be less than two hundred (200) feet from a District "A" to "C" inclusive, unless approved by the Board, under such restrictions as seem appropriate after considera- tion of noise and other detrimental factors incident to such use. 4. Billboards and Advertising Signs, where permitted by ordi- nance. 5. Billiard Halls. 6. Bus Stations. 7. Dog and Cat Hospitals. 8. Gymnasiums (commercial). 9. Newspaper publishing plants. 10. Radio and television broadcasting stations. 11. Restaurants, cafes, cafeterias, taverns and night clubs. 12. Storage in bulk of, or warehouse for, such materials as: Cloth- ing, drugs, dry goods, food, furniture, glass, groceries, hardware, household goods, liquor, lubricating oil, millinery, paints, paint ma- terials, pipe, rubber, shop supplies, tobacco, turpentine, varnish, and wines, when incidental to sale at retail on the premises. 13. Swimming pools (commercial). 14. Wholesale sales offices and sample rooms. 15. Any retail business or use not included in Districts "F" and "G ", provided that such use is not noxious or offensive by reason of vibration, noise, odor, dust, smoke or gas. 16. Accessory uses customarily incident to any of the above uses. HEIGHT AND AREA REGULATIONS. In District "E" the height of buildings, the minimum dimensions of lots and yards and the minimum lot area per family permitted upon any lot shall be as follows: provided that buildings erected for dwelling purposes exclusively, shall comply with the front, side and rear yard requirements of District "C ". (For exceptions see Section 17). Height: No building shall exceed forty -five (45) feet or three (3) stories, except that buildings may be erected to a height not to i i i i i i i exceed one hundred (100) feet or eight (8) stories in an area de- scribed as follows: Beginning at a point on the center line of the alley between Fifth Street and Santa Fe Avenue, one hundred (100) feet north of the north line of Ash Street; thence west on a line one hundred (100) feet from and parallel to the north line of Ash Street to a point one hundred twenty -five (125) feet west of the west line of Ninth Street; thence south on a line one hundred twenty -five (125) feet from and parallel to the west line of Ninth Street to a point one hundred (100) feet south of the south line of Iron Avenue; thence east on a line one hundred (100) feet from and parallel to the south line of Iron Avenue to a point one hundred ten (110) feet west of the west line of Eighth Street; thence south on a line one hundred ten (110) feet from and parallel to the west line of Eighth Street to the center line of Walnut Street; thence east along said center line of Walnut Street to the center line of the alley between Seventh Street and Santa Fe Avenue; thence south on the center line of said alley between Seventh Street and Santa Fe Avenue; to the cen- ter line of South Street; thence east on the center line of South Street to a point on the center line of the alley between Santa Fe Avenue and Fifth Street; thence north on said center line of the alley between Santa Fe Avenue and Fifth Street to a point one hundred fifty (150) feet south of the south line of Iron Avenue; thence east on a line one hundred fifty (150) feet from and parallel to the south line of Iron Avenue to the center line of the alley be- tween Fifth Street and Fourth Street; thence north on the center line of said alley between Fifth Street and Fourth Street to a point one hundred fifty (150) feet north of the line of Iron Avenue; thence west on a line one hundred fifty (150) feet from and parallel to the north line of Iron Avenue to the center line of the alley between Fifth Street and Santa Fe Avenue; thence north on the center line of said alley between Fifth Street and Santa Fe Avenue to the point of beginning. Front Yards: No front yard is required, except that where a por- tion of a District "E " Iies within the same block and fronts upon the same street with a portion of a District "A ", "B", "C " or " "D ", and no lot within said District "E " is occupied by a building with a front yard of less depth than required in that portion of a District A' "B ", "C ", or "D", adjoining, then in such case the front yard requirements of such adjoining district "A ", "B ", "C ", or "'D", shall likewise be applicable to such portion of District "t" ". Side Yards: Same as District "D ". Rear Yards: No rear yard is required. Width of Lot: Same as District "D ". Lot Area per Family: Same as District "D". Section 11. DISTRICT "F ". (Light Industrial District). USE REGULATIONS. In District "F " no building, structure, land or premises shall be used, and no building or structure shall be hereafter erected, con- structed, reconstructed, or altered, except for one or more of the following uses: 1. Any use permitted in District "E ". 2. Bakeries. 3. Blacksmith or wagon shops. 4. Bottling Works. 5. Bus barns. 6. Canning or preserving factories. 7. Carpenter, cabinet, or pattern shops, provided that no me- chanical power in excess of ten (10) h. p, is used in the operation of any one machine. 8. Carpet cleaning establishments. 9. Chemical laboratories. 10. Cleaning, pressing and dyeing plants. 11. Cold Storage plants. 12. Creameries. 13. Electro- plating works. 14. Flour mills, feed mills and grain processing. 15. Forges (hand). 16. Freight terminals (rail, truck, or water). 17. Galvanizing works. 18. Garages (public). 19. Grain elevators. 20. Ice plants. 21. Laundries. 22. Lumber yards. 23. Machine shops, provided that no mechanical power in ex- cess of 10 h. p. is used in the operation of anv one machine. 24. Manufacture of products such as: Artificial flowers, feathers, plumes; awnings; bags; blacking; small boats; bone products; brooms and brushes; buttons and novelties; candy; canvas prod- ucts; cement products; chemicals (non- offensive); cigars; cleaning or polishing preparations; clothing; coffee (roasting); cosmetics; cotton seed, peanut or similar products; drugs or medicines; elec- trical signs; extracts; food products; fruit juices; gas or electric fixtures; ice cream; leather products; light metal products; musical instruments; paper products; sausage; shell products; shoes and boots; syrup; terra cotta or tile handcraft products; textiles; toys; wooden ware. 25. Milk bottling or distribution plants. 26. Monument or marble works. 27. Moving, transfer or storage plants. 28. Photo engraving plants. 29. Planing mills, provided that no mechanical power in excess of 10 h. p. is used in the operation of any one machine. 30. Poultry killing or dressing for commercial purposes. 31. Printing plants. 32. Produce markets (wholesale). 33. Railroad freight yards. 34. Sales rooms and yards for farm machinery, contractors equip- ment and oil well supplies. 35. Sign painting plants. 36. Stables (public) or wagon sheds. 37. Stone cutting plants. 38. Storage in bulk of, or warehouse for, materials enumerated in item 12, Section 10 of use regulations for District "E ", and such materials as: Asphalt, brick; building material; cement; coal; con- tractor's equipment; cotton; feed; fertilizer; grain; gravel; grease; hay; ice; lead; lime; machinery; metals; oil; plaster; poultry; roof- ing; rope; sand; stone; tar; tarred or creosoted products; tera cotta; timber; wood; wool. 39. Tracks (team, loading, or storage). 40. Veterinary hospitals. 41. Manufacture of any similar character to that herein listed, other than specified in District "G ", or any building or use not included within District ""G ", provided such use is not noxious or offensive by reason of vibration, noise, odor, dust, smoke or gas. 42. Accessory uses customarily incident to any of the above uses. HEIGHT AND AREA REGULATIONS. In District "F " the height of buildings, minimum dimensions of lots and yards and the minimum lot area per family permitted upon any lot, shall be as follows, provided that buildings erected for dwelling purposes exclusively shall comply with the front, side and rear yard requirements of District "C ". (For exceptions see Sec- tion 17). Height: No building shall exceed fifty -five (55) feet or four (4) stories. Front Yards: No front yard is required, except that where a por- tion of District "F " lies within the same block and fronts upon the same street with a portion of a District "A ", "B ", "C " or "D ", and no lot within said District "F " is occupied by a building with a front yard of less depth than required in that portion of a District "A ", "B", "C " or '"D " adjoining, then in such case the front yard requirements of such adjoining District "A ", , "B", "C" or "D " shall likewise be applicable to such portion of District "F ". Side Yards: Same as District "D ". Rear Yards: The depth of a rear yard shall be at least ten (10) feet, except that in a corner lot no rear yard is required within fifty (50) feet of a side street, unless the rear line adjoins a District "A" ' "B" or "C " Width of Lot: Same as District " "D". Lot Area per family: Same as District "D". Section 12. DISTRICT "G" (Heavy Industrial District). USE REGULATIONS. In District "G " no building, structure, land or premises shall be 69 used, and no building or structure shall be hereafter erected, con- Height: No building shall exceed seventy -five (75) feet or six structed, reconstructed or altered except for one or more of the (6) stories. following uses: Front Yards: No front yard is required, except that where a por- t. Any use permitted in District "F ". tion of District "G " lies within the same block and fronts upon ", "B ", "C" "D ", 2. Ammonia, bleaching powder, chemical plants. the same street with a portion of a District "A or lot within said District "G " is occupied by a building with 3. Assaying works (other than gold or silver). and no a front vard or less depth than required in that portion of a District 4. Auto wrecking yards. "A ", "B ", "C " or "D " adjoining, then in such case the front yard 5. Blooming or rolling mills. requirements of such adjoining District "A ", "B ", "C" or "D " shall 6. Breweries or distilleries. likewise be applicable to such portion of District "G ". 7. Cider mills. Side Yards: Same as District "D ". 8. Coal car dumps. 9. Coal distillation and bi- products plants. Rear Yards: Same as District "F " " "D " ". 10. Coal hoists, pockets or trestles. Width of Lot: Same as District Lot Area per Family: Same as District " "E " ". 11. Coke ovens. 12. Concrete or asphalt mixing plants. Section 13. SPECIAL CLASSES. 13. Cooperage works. Any of the following uses may be located in any district by 14. Cotton ginning or baling works. special permission of the Board, under such conditions as the 15. Dog pounds. Board may impose, and after public hearing, provided that in their 16. Enameling works. judgment such use will not seriously injure the appropriate use of 17. Electric power plants. the neighboring property, and will conform to the general intent 18. Forges (power). and purpose of this ordinance; and shall comply with the height 19. Foundries (iron, brass, bronze, aluminum). and area regulations of the district in which they may be located: 20. Hides and skins (storage, curing or tanning). 1. Amusement parks, commercial baseball or athletic fields, race 21. Japanning works. tracks, circuses, carnivals, or fairgrounds. 22. Junk yards, including storage, sorting, baling or processing 2. Aviation fields or airports. 3. Cemeteries, mausoleums, or crematories for the disposal of the of rags, paper or metal. 23. Lumber mills. 24. Machine shops. human dead. 4. Golf driving ranges, commercial or illuminated. 25. Manufacturing of such products as: Adding machines, cash 5. Gun clubs, skeet shoots or target ranges. registers, typewriters; alcohol; asphalt; basket material; boilers; 6. Hospitals for the insane or feeble minded, or penal or correc- boxes; bronze; cans; carbon batteries; carbon or lamp black; car- tional institutions. riage or wagon parts; celluloid or similar materials; clay, shale, 7. Quarries, mines, sand or gravel pits or excavations for the and glass products; creosote; cutlery or tools; disinfectant; insec- purpose of removing, screening, crushing, washing or storage of ticides; dyes; electric lamps; electrical machinery; furniture; gas ore, clay, stone, gravel or similar materials, provided, however, (from coal or petroleum); glass; iron and steel; locomotives; motor that no permit shall be issued until and unless the site location cars, bicycles, airplanes, nuts, bolts, screws, etc.; oil cloth, lino- and plan of operation, including necessary structures, have been leum; paint; Japan, lacquer, oil, turpentine, varnish, enamel, etc.; submitted to and approved in writing by the Board, which permit railway cars; rubber, synthetic rubber, rubber products; shoddy; shall be for a limited period of time not to exceed five (5) years. soap; starch, glucose, dextrin; tar products; tobacco (chewing); 8. Radio and Television Towers under such safeguards as the tools; vinegar; wine. Board may require. 26. Meat or fish packing or storage plants. shearing, works, etc. 9. Refuse dumps. 10. Reservoirs, wells, towers, filter beds, or water supply plants. 27. Metal stamping, punching 28. Oil compounding and barreling plants. 11. Riding stables and tracks. 29. Planing mills. 12. Sewage, refuse or garbage disposal plants. 30. Railroad round houses or shops. 13. Tourist cabin or trailer camps. 31. Salt works. 14. Buildings or the use of premises for public utility purposes 32. Steel furnaces. or public service corporations, which buildings or uses the 33. Structural iron or pipe works. Board deems reasonably necessary for public convenience or 34. Sugar refineries. 35. Tar distillation or manufacture. welfare. Section 14. ACCESSORY USES. A driveway or walk to provide 36. Wire or rod mills. access to premises in a District "D ", "E ", "F " or "G " shall not be 37. Wood distillation plants (charcoal, tar, turpentine, etc.). permitted in a District "A ", "B " or "C ". or uses which are accessory to the use 38. Wool scouring works. 39. Any other uses not now or hereafter prohibited by ordinance Buildings or structures permitted in one district shall not be permitted in a district or a of the Citv of Salina, Kansas regulating nuisances, except that the higher classification. following uses will be permitted only by approval of the Board of Section 15. NON - CONFORMING USES. A non - conforming use Commissioners after report from Fire Department, Health Depart- existing lawfully at the time of the passage of this ordinance may ment and City Planning commission: Acid manufacture; Cement, be continued except as hereinafter provided. No non - conforming lime, gypsum or plaster of Paris manufacture; Distillation of bones; use of land shall be continued beyond the term ending one year Explosive manufacture or storage; Fertilizer manufacture; Gas from the time of the adoption of this ordinance unless such land manufacture; Garbage, offal or dead animal reduction or dumping; be wholly or partially occupied by a permanent enclosed building, Paper or pulp manufacture; Petroleum or its products, (refining of); designed and constructed for a non - conforming use. In a District Smelting of tin, copper, zinc or iron ores; Wholesale storage of "A" or a District "B " no non - conforming use of a building, designed gasoline. and constructed for a conforming use, shall be continued beyond 40. Accessory uses customarily incident to any of the above uses. a term ending one year from the time of the adoption of this HEIGHT AND AREA REGULATIONS. ordinance, except by authorization of the Board. The lawful use of a building existing at the time of the passage In District "G " the height of buildings, the minimum dimensions the minimum lot area per family permitted of this ordinance may be continued, although such use does not of lots and vards and upon any lot shall be as follows, provided, however, that buildings conform with the provisions hereof, and such use may be extended such of the building as are arranged or de- erected for dwelling purposes exclusively, shall comply with the throughout portions requirements of District "C ". (For excep- signed for such use, provided no structural alterations, except those front, side, and rear yard tions see Section 17). required by law or ordinance, are made therein. If no structural 70 alterations are made, a non - conforming use of a building may be changed to another non - conforming use of the same or more restricted classification. If such non - conforming building is removed, the future use of such premises shall be in conformity with the provisions of this ordinance. In the event a non - conforming use of any building is discontinued for a period of two (2) years, the use of the same shall thereafter conform to the provisions of the district in Which it is located. A non - conforming use if changed to a conforming use or more restricted, non- conforming use, may not thereafter be changed back to a less restricted use than that to which it was changed. If by amendment to this ordinance any property is hereafter trans- ferred to a more restricted district by a change in the district boundaries, or the regulations and restrictions in any district are made more restrictive or of a higher classification, the provisions of this ordinance relating to the non - conforming use of buildings or premises existing at the time of the passage of this ordinance, shall apply to buildings or premises occupied or used at the time of the passage of such amendment. Repairs and alterations may be made to a non - conforming build- ing, provided that no structural alterations or extensions shall be made except those required by law or ordinance; unless the building is changed to a conforming use. All signs and billboards not conforming with this ordinance, may remain during their normal life, but main supporting or structural members may not be replaced, and such signs or billboards may not be extended. However, non - conforming signs specifically de- scribing the business or nature of a non - conforming building, structure or use on the same premises may be maintained during the lawful life time of such building, structure, or use. Section 16. COMPLETION AND RESTORATION OF EXISTING BUILDINGS. Nothing herein contained shall require any change in the plans, construction or designated use of a building for which a building permit has been heretofore issued, and plans for which are on file with the Building Inspector at the time of the passage of this ordinance and the construction of which in either case shall have been diligently prosecuted within one year of the date of such permit, and the ground story framework of which, including the second tier of beams, shall have been completed within such year and which entire building shall be completed, according to such plans as filed within two years from the date of the passage of this ordinance. Nothing in this ordinance shall be taken to prevent the restora- tion of a non - conforming building destroyed to the extent of not more than seventy -five (75) percent of its reasonable value, (to be determined by the Board) by fire, explosion or other casualty, or act of God, or the public enemy, nor the continued occupancy or use of such building or part thereof which existed at the time of such partial destruction, but any building so damaged more than seventy -five (75) percent of its value may not be rebuilt, repaired or used unless it is made to conform to all regulations for buildings in the district in which it is located. The provisions of this ordinance shall not apply to prevent the extension of any building, existing in any district at the time of the adoption of this ordinance, to the height to which the walls, foundation and framework of such existing building originally were intended, designed and constructed to carry; provided, however, that the actual construction of the extensions in height permitted by this paragraph shall have been duly commenced within ten (10) years from the date of the adoption of this ordinance. Section 17. HEIGHT AND AREA EXCEPTIONS. The regulations and requirements as to height of buildings and area of lot which may be occupied by buildings, front yards, side yards, rear yards and other regulations and requirements as established in the fore- going sections of this ordinance, shall be subject to the following exceptions and additional regulations. Height: 1. In Districts "A ", "B ", "C ", "D " and "F ", public or semi - public buildings, such as hospitals, hotels, churches, sani- tariums or schools, either public or private, where permitted, may be erected to a height not exceeding seventy -five (75) feet, pro- vided that such buildings shall be set back one additional foot on all sides for each additional foot that such buildings exceed the specified height limit as established by the regulations of the district in which such buildings are situated. 2. Dwellings in District "A ", "B " and "D " may be increased in height not exceeding ten (10) feet in addition to the limitations of two and one -half stories, or thirty -five (35) feet, as prescribed in such districts, provided that two side yards of not less than fifteen (15) feet in width, each, are provided. In no case shall such dwellings, however, exceed three stories in height. 3. Parapet walls and false mansards, except on dwellings in Districts "A" and "B " may extend not more than six (6) feet above the height limit. Flagpoles, chimneys, cooling towers, electric dis- play signs, elevator bulkheads, pent houses, finials, gas tanks, grain elevators, stacks, silo, storage towers, radio or television towers, ornamental towers, monuments, cupolas, domes, spires, standpipes, and necessary mechanical appurtenances, where per- mitted, may be erected as to height in accordance with existing or hereafter adopted ordinances of the City of Salina, Kansas, except that in Districts "A" and "B " no radio or television aerial support shall be erected more than ten (10) feet above the height limitations of such districts and in no event shall extend more than ten (10) feet above the ridge of a roof. 4. On through lots one hundred twenty -five (125) feet or less in depth, the height of a building may be measured from the curb level of either street. On through lots of more than one hundred twenty -five (125) feet in depth, the height regulations for the street permitting the greater height, shall apply to a depth of not more than one hundred twenty -five (125) feet from that street. 5. No building or structure shall be erected in the vicinity of an airport in any area included in any approach or turning zone, as defined by the federal agency delegated with the powers or authority to control or regulate aviation the height of which exceeds the limits permitted or recommended by such federal agency; provided that this shall not prohibit the erection of buildings or incidental structures to a height of thirty -five (35) feet or two and one -half (21/2) stories. 6. Area per Family: For any building used jointly for business and dwelling purposes or industry and dwelling purposes, the number of families permitted by the lot area requirements per family shall be reduced in the same proportion as the floor area devoted to business or industry bears to the entire floor area of the building, provided that floor area below the first floor of such building shall not be included in any calculation under this pro- vision. 7. For any building providing jointly for hotel and apartment house uses, the number of families permitted in apartments by the lot area requirements per family shall be reduced in the same proportion as the total floor area devoted to hotel or non- house- keeping rooms bears to the total floor area devoted to both uses. Yard Exceptions: 8. In Districts "A ", "B ", "C " or "D ", where lots comprising forty percent (40 %) or more of the frontage, on the same side of a street between two streets that intersect such street, (excluding reverse corner lots) are developed with buildings having front yards with a variation of not more than ten (10) feet in depth, the average of such front yards shall establish the minimum front yard depth for the entire frontage, except that where a re- corded plat has been filed showing a setback line which complies with the requirements of this ordinance, yet is less than the established setback for the block as provided above, such setback line shall apply, provided that the Board may permit variations in case of hardship, or where the configuration of the ground is such as to make conformity with the front yard requirements impractical. 9. Where an official line has been established for future widen- ing or opening of a street upon which a lot abuts, then the width of a yard shall be measured from such official line to the nearest line of the building. 10. Dwellings or apartments may be built in groups about a place or court with their rears adjacent to a side lot line, provided that: (a) The side yard shall be increased by one (1) foot for each 71 dwelling abutting thereon or one (1) foot for each apartment entrance or exit abutting thereon. (b) The width of the place or court shall not be less than three (3) times the width of the side yard as required above, and where a roadway is provided in such place or court, the width of such roadway shall be in addition to that allowed above. (c) A minimum of ten (10) feet shall be allowed between build- ings in the group. 11. Every part of a required yard or court shall be open from its lowest point to the sky unobstructed, except for the ordinary projection of sills, belt courses, cornices, chimneys, buttresses, ornamental features and eaves; provided however, that none of the above projections shall extend into a court more than six (6) inches nor into a minimum yard more than twenty -four (24) inches; and provided further that canopies or open porches having a roof area not exceeding sixty (60) square feet may project a maximum of six (6) feet into the required front or rear yard; open paved terraces may project not more than ten (10) feet into a front or rear yard, and existing open porches extending into the required yard shall not be enclosed. 12. An open fire escape may project into a required side yard not more than half the width of such yard. Fire escapes, solid floored balconies and enclosed outside stairways may project not more than four (4) feet into a rear yard. 13. In any district, an accessory building, not exceeding eight- een (18) feet or one and one -half (11/2) stories in height, or in any case not higher than the main building, may occupy not more than thirty (30) percent of a required rear yard, except that in Districts "C " to "G " inclusive, if such building is not more than one (1) story or sixteen (16) feet high, it may occupy forty (40) percent of a required rear yard. 14. Buildings in Districts "E " to "G " inclusive, used wholly or partially for business or industrial purposes, need not provide a side yard, provided that portions of such buildings which are designed or used for dwelling purposes shall provide on any floor, in addition to the front and rear yard requirements, open space equivalent to the area of side yards for buildings used exclusively for dwelling purposes in the district in which such building is situated. Such open space may be in the form of additional front or rear yards or one or more courts opening to the street or rear yard: provided that (a) No court shall have a width of less than ten (10) feet, nor less than one - fourth of its length; nor a width of less than two and one -half (21/2) inches for each foot of height of the court. (b) That the width of any portion of a required side yard as provided in this ordinance may be considered a part of such court. 15. No rear yard shall be required in Districts "E " to "G " inclusive or any lot used for business or industrial purposes, the rear line of which adjoins a railway right of way or which has a rear railway track connection. 16. In Districts "D " to "G " inclusive, in computing the depth of a rear yard for any building where such yard abuts an alley, one - half of such alley may be assumed to be a portion of the rear yard. 17. In any district where buildings on adjoining lots, used exclusively for dwelling purposes, do not conform to the side yard requirements of this ordinance, the Board may vary the side yard requirements, provided that no building may be built nearer than three (3) feet to the side lot line and provided that the width of the building allowable under the regulations of this ordinance may not be increased. Section 18. COMMUNITY UNIT PLAN. The owner or owners of any tract of land comprising an area of not less than five (5) acres may submit to the Board of City Commissioners of the City of Salina, Kansas a plan for the use and development of all of the tract of land for dwelling purposes. The development plan shall be referred to the City Planning Commission for study and report and for public hearing. If the Commission approves the development plan, the plan, together with the recommendation of the Commis- sion, shall then be submitted to the Board of City Commissioners for consideration and approval. The recommendation of the Com- mission shall be accompanied by a report stating the reasons for approval of the application and specific evidence and facts showing 72 that the proposed community unit plan meets the following con- ditions: 1. That property adjacent to the area included in the plan will not be adversely affected. 2. That the plan is consistent with the intent and purposes of this ordinance to promote public health, safety, morals or general welfare. 3. That the buildings shall be used only for single - family dwellings, two - family dwellings or multiple dwellings and the usual accessory uses such as garages, storage space and com- munity activities, including churches. 4. That the average lot area per family contained in the site, exclusive of the area occupied by streets, will be not less than the lot area per family required in the district in which the develop- ment is located. If the Board of City Commissioners approves the plan, building permits and certificates of occupancy may be issued even though the use of land and the location of the buildings to be erected in the area and the yards and open spaces contemplated by the plan do not conform in all respects to the district regulations of the district in which it is located. Section 19. OFF STREET PARKING AND LOADING REGULA- TIONS. Parking for Dwellings. For all one and two - family dwellings, or any tourist courts hereafter erected, converted, or structurally altered, provision shall be made for parking of motor passenger vehicles for the use of occupants, either on the premises or in the community garage in the same block. Such parking. shall provide space for one vehicle for each family unit. Parking for Apartments and Multiple Dwellings. For all apart- ments or multiple dwellings hereafter erected, converted or struc- turally altered, provision shall be made for the storage or parking of motor passenger vehicles for the use of occupants either on the premises or within one thousand (1000) feet on land zoned for business or industry, or on a site approved by the Board after public hearing. One parking space shall be provided for each dwelling unit. Parking for Hotels, Apartment Hotels, and Clubs. For all hotels, apartment hotels, and clubs, hereafter erected, converted or struc- turally altered, except in District "E ", provisions shall be made for the parking of motor passenger vehicles for the use of occupants. One (1) parking space shall be provided for each of the first twenty (20) individual guest rooms or suites; one (1) additional parking space for every four (4) guest rooms or suites in excess of twenty. Parking for Hospitals and Institutions. For all hospitals and philan- thropic or eleemosynary institutions hereafter erected, converted, or structurally altered, except in District "E ", provision shall be made for the parking of motor passenger vehicles. One (1) parking space shall be provided for each one thousand (1000) square feet of floor space in said buildings. Parking for Places of Assembly. For every structure or part thereof hereafter erected, converted or structurally altered, to be used as a theatre, auditorium, stadium, or other place of public assembly, except in District "E ", there shall be provided and maintained accessible off - street parking space for the storage of motor vehicles on the basis of one vehicle for each five seats of the total audience seating capacity of the building, structure or part thereof. Such parking shall be located on the same lot with such building, structure or part thereof, or within five hundred (500) feet thereof. Churches shall be exempted from this provision. Parking for Business or Industrial Buildings. Any business build- ing hereafter erected, converted, or structurally altered in District "D ", shall provide accessible off - street parking at the rate of one parking space for each two hundred (200) square feet of floor area in the building. For all business or industrial buildings hereafter erected, converted, or structurally altered in Districts "F " and "G ". provisions shall be made for off - street parking. One (1) parking space shall be provided for each four hundred (400) square feet of floor area in the building. Such parking space shall be on the same lot with the main building, or within one thousand (1000) feet therefrom. Loading Space for Business and Industry. Any business or indus- trial building, hospital, institution, hotel hereafter erected, con- verted, or structurally altered, in any district, shall provide adequate off - street facilities for the loading and unloading of merchandise and goods within or adjacent to the building, in such a manner as not to obstruct freedom of traffic movement on the public streets Or alleys. Section 20. INTERPRETATION AND PURPOSE. In interpreting and applying the provisions of this ordinance, they shall be held to be the minimum requirements for the promotion of the health, safety, morals or general welfare. It is not intended by this ordi- nance to repeal, abrogate, annul or in any way to impair or inter- fere with any existing provisions of law or ordinance or any rules or regulations previously adopted pursuant to law relating to the use of buildings or premises; nor is it intended by this ordinance to interfere with or abrogate or annul any easements or covenants between parties; provided, however, that where this ordinance imposes a greater restriction upon the use of buildings or premises than are imposed by such existing provisions of law or ordinance or by such rules or regulations or by such easements, covenants, or agreements, the provisions of this ordinance shall control. Section 21. AMENDMENTS. The Board of City Commissioners may, from time to time, on its own motion or on petition, after public notice and hearings thereon as provided herein, amend, supplement, change, modify or repeal the regulations and restric- tions as established herein and may change, restrict or extend the boundaries of the various districts established herein. Before taking any action upon any proposed amendment, modification, change, restriction or extension, the same shall be referred by the Board Of City Commissioners to the City Planning Commission for report and recommendation. In case, however, of a protest against such change, duly signed and acknowledged by the owners of twenty percent (20 %) of the frontage proposed to be altered, or by the owners of twenty per- cent (20 %) of the frontage immediately in the rear thereof; or by the owners of twenty percent (20 %) of the frontage directly oppo- site the frontage proposed to be altered, such amendment shall not be passed except by at least four - fifths vote of the Board of City Commissioners. No action on an amendment, change, modification or repeal shall be taken until after a public hearing in relation thereto, at which parties in interest and citizens shall have an opportunity to be heard. At least thirty (30) days notice of the time and place of such hearing shall be published in the official newspaper of the City of Salina, Kansas. Section 22. ENFORCEMENT. It shall be the duty of the Building Inspector, or any deputy or inspector working under his direction, to enforce the provisions of this ordinance and to refuse to issue any permit for any building or structure or for the use of any premises, which would violate any of the provisions hereof, and to cause any building, structure, place or premises to be inspected and examined, and to order in writing the remedying of any condi- tion found to exist therein or thereat in violation of any provision of this ordinance. In case any building or structure is, or is proposed to be erected, constructed, reconstructed, altered, repaired, con- verted or maintained, or any building, structure or land is, or is proposed to be used in violation of this ordinance, the Building Inspector or City Attorney is hereby authorized and directed, in addition to other remedies, to institute any appropriate action or proceedings to prevent such unlawful erection, construction, re- construction, alteration, repair, conversion, maintenance, or use, to restrain, correct or abate such violation and to prevent the occupancy of said building, structure, or land, or to prevent any illegal act, conduct or use in or about such premises. Section 23. POWERS AND DUTIES OF THE BOARD OF ZON- ING APPEALS. The Board shall adopt rules in accordance with the provisions of this ordinance. Meetings of the Board shall be held at the call of the chairman and at such other times as the Board may determine. Such chairman or in his absence the acting chairman, may administer oaths and compel the attendance of witnesses. All meetings of the Board shall be open to the public. The Board shall keep minutes of its proceedings, showing the vote of each member upon each question, or if absent or failing to vote, indicating such fact, and shall keep records of its examinations and other official actions, all of which shall be immediately filed in the office of the Board, and shall be a public record. Appeals to the Board may be taken by any person aggrieved or by any officer, department, board, or bureau of the municipality affected by any decision of the administrative officer. Such appeal shall be taken within a reasonable time, as provided by the rules of the Board, by filing with the officer from whom the appeal is taken and with the Board a notice of appeal specifying the grounds thereof. The officer from whom the appeal is taken shall forthwith transmit to the Board all the papers constituting the record upon which the action appealed from was taken. An appeal stays all proceedings in furtherance of the action appealed from, unless the officer from whom the appeal is taken certifies to the Board after the notice of appeal shall have been filed with him that by reason of facts stated in the certificate a stay would in his opinion; cause imminent peril to life or property. In such cases proceedings shall not be staved otherwise than by a restraining order which may be granted by the Board or by a court of record on application or notice to the officer from whom the appeal is taken and on due cause shown. The Board shall fix a reasonable time for the hearing of the appeal, give public notice thereof, as well as due notice to the parties in interest, and decide the same within a reasonable time. Upon the hearing any party may appear in person or by agent or by attorney. The Board shall have the following powers: 1. To hear and decide appeals where it is alleged there is error in any order, requirement, decision, or determination made by an administrative official in the enforcement of this ordinance. 2. To hear and decide special exceptions to the terms of this ordinance upon which such Board is required to pass under this ordinance. 3. To authorize upon appeal in specific cases such variance from the terms of this ordinance as will not be contrary to the public interest, where, owing to special conditions, a literal en- forcement of the provisions of this ordinance will result in unneces- sary hardship, and so that the spirit of this ordinance shall be observed and substantial justice done. 4. To grant a permit for a temporary building for commerce or industry in a dwelling district which is incidental to the dwelling development, said permit to be issued for a period of not more than one year, such building to be removed on expiration of the permit. 5. To permit a transitional use between a business and dwelling district where the side of a lot in District "A" or "B " abuts upon a lot zoned for business or industrial purposes as follows: (a) On a lot in District "A" which sides upon a lot zoned for business or industrial purposes, the Board may permit a two - family dwelling. (b) On a lot in District "B " which sides upon a lot zoned for business or industrial purposes, the Board may permit a four - family dwelling. (c) Provided, however, that in no case shall any transitional use have a width of more than one hundred (100) feet. 6. To grant a permit for the extension of use, height or area regulation into an adjoining district, where the boundary line of the district divides a lot in a single ownership at the time of the adoption of this ordinance. 7. Permit as an auxiliary use, a parking area for passenger automobiles only, on a lot or lots in Districts "A ", "B " or " "C "" which adjoin a lot in a District "D" to "G " inclusive, or use by customers of neighboring business establishments, providing such parking is developed as follows: Such area shall have a permanent paving and shall be properly enclosed with a fence, wall or other suitable enclosure, to be approved by the board, having a height of not less than three (3) feet. Such fence, wall or enclosure shall be maintained in good condition and observe the required front yard regulations of the district in which it is located. No parking shall be permitted within six (6) feet of an adjoining lot in a District "A ", "B" or "C". Any lights used to illuminate said parking area shall be so arranged 73 as to direct the light away from any adjoining premises in a District "A ", "B " or "C ". 8. To determine in cases of uncertainty, the classification of any use not specifically enumerated in this ordinance. In exercising the above mentioned powers, such Board may reverse or affirm, wholly or partly, or may modify the order, re- quirement, decision, or determination appealed from and may make such order, requirement, decision, or determination as ought to be made, and to that end shall have all powers of the officer from whom the appeal is taken. The concurring vote of four members of the Board shall be necessary to reverse any order, requirement, decision, or detemina- tion of anv such administrative official, or to decide in favor of the applicant on any matter upon which it is required to pass under this ordinance, or to effect any variation in this ordinance. Any person or persons, jointly or severally aggrieved by any decision of the Board, or any taxpayer, or any officer, department, board, or bureau of the municipality, may present to a court of record a petition, duly verified, setting forth that such decision is illegal, in whole or in part, specifying the grounds of the illegality. Such petition shall be presented to the court within ten (10) days after the filing of the decision in the office of the Board. Section 24. PERMITS. No permit for the erection, alteration, re- moval, construction, reconstruction, conversion, use or maintenance of any building, or the use of any premises shall be issued by the Building Inspector unless there shall first be filed in his office by the applicant therefor, a plan in duplicate, drawn to scale, correctly showing the location and actual dimensions of the lot to be occu- pied, the dimensions and location on the lot of the building to be erected, altered, moved, constructed, reconstructed, converted, used or maintained, with measurements in feet and inches from all lot lines to all foundation lines of the building, together with a true statement, in writing, signed by the applicant, showing the use for which such building or premises, is arranged, intended cr designed, and the location and dimensions of all accessory build- ings or structures, and no permit shall be issued by said Building Inspector unless such plan shall show in all details that such building or structure is to be erected, altered, moved, constructed, reconstructed, converted, used or maintained, and such premises are to be used in conformity with all the provisions of this ordi- nance. A record of such applications and plans shall be kept in the office of the Building Inspector. Failure of any applicant or of his agents, servants or employees to erect, alter, move, construct, reconstruct, convert, use or maintain any buildings, structures or premises in conformance with such plans on which such permit is issued, when such failure constitutes a violation of any provisions of this ordinance, shall render such permit void, and the Building Inspector is hereby authorized and directed to revoke any such permit by giving written notice to the applicant, or his agents" servants or employees and all work upon such buildings, struc- tures or premises shall be immediately discontinued on the serving of such notice until such buildings, structures or premises shall be changed so as to comply with such plans and permit. Section 25. CERTIFICATE OF OCCUPANCY. No vacant land shall be occupied or used, except for agricultural uses, and no building hereafter erected or structurally altered shall be occupied or used until a certificate of occupancy shall have been issued by the Building Inspector. Certificate of Occupancy shall state that the building or proposed use of a building or land complies with all the building and health laws and ordinances, and with the provisions of these regulations. A record of all certificates shall be kept on file in the office of the Building Inspector, and copies shall be furnished on request to any person having a proprietary or tenancy interest in the building affected. No permit for excavation for any building shall be issued before application has been made for certificate of occupancy. Certificate of Occupancy for a Building: Certificate of Occupancy for a new building or the alteration of an existing building shall be applied for in writing coincident with the application for a building permit, and shall be issued within ten (10) days after the 74 erection or alteration of such building or part thereof shall have been completed in conformity with the provisions of these regula- tions. Pending the issuance of a regular certificate a temporary certificate of occupancy may be issued by the Building Inspector for a period not exceeding six (6) months, during the completion of alterations or during partial occupancy of a building pending its completion. Such temporary certificate shall not be construed as in any way altering the respective rights, duties or obligations of the owners or of the City relating to the use or occupancy of the premises, or any other matter covered by this ordinance, and such temporary certificate shall not be issued except under such restrictions and provisions as will adequately insure the safety of the occupants. Certificate of Occupancy for Land: Certificate of Occupancy for the use of vacant land or the change in the character of the use of land as herein provided, shall be applied for before any such land shall be occupied or used and a certificate of occupancy shall be issued within ten (10) days after the application has been made, provided such use is in conformity with the provisions of these regulations. Certificate of Occupancy for a Non - Conforming Use: A Certificate of Occupancy shall be required for all non - conforming uses. Appli- ation for certificate of occupancy for non - conforming uses shall be filed within twelve (12) months from the effective date of this ordinance, accompanied by affidavits of proof that such noncon- forming use was not established in violation of this ordinance. Section 26. SAVING CLAUSE: That all rights or remedies of the City of Salina, Kansas, are expressly saved as to any and all violations of ordinances Number 3188, 4984, 5186, 3632, 3576, 3829, 3863, 4102, 4357, 4606, 4671, 4750, 4763, 4771 and 3834, or of any prior zoning ordinances, or amendments thereto, of said City of Salina, Kansas, that have accrued at the time of the effective date of this ordinance; and as to such accrued violation, the court shall have all the powers that existed prior to the effective date of this ordinance; and that all existing violations of previous zoning ordi- nances which would otherwise become non - conforming uses under this ordinance shall not become non - conforming uses under this ordinance, but shall be considered as violations of this ordinance in the same manner that they were violations of prior zoning ordi- nances of said city. Section 27. PENALTIES. Any person, firm or corporation who violates, disobeys, omits, neglects, or refuses to comply with or who resists the enforcement of any of the provisions of this ordi- nance, shall be guilty of a misdemeanor, and upon conviction be fined not less than Ten Dollars ($10.00) or more than Five Hundred Dollars ($500.00) for each offense. Each day that a violation is permitted to exist shall constitute a separate offense. Section 28. INVALIDITY OF A PART. In case any section, clause, sentence or paragraph or part of this ordinance shall for any reason be adjudged by any court of competent jurisdiction to be invalid, such invalidity shall not affect, impair or invalidate the remainder of this ordinance. Section 29. REPEAL. That Ordinance No. 3188, and all amend- ments, supplements and additions thereto, subiect however, to the provisions of Section 26 of this ordinance, be and they are hereby repealed. Section 30. EFFECTIVE DATE. That this ordinance shall be in full force and effect from and after its adoption and publication once in the official city paper. Introduced, March 19, 1951. Adopted April 2, 1951 (SEAL) R. W. King, Attest: Mayor Chas. E. Banker City Clerk. CERTIFICATE This proposed Zoning Ordinance was duly recommended and duly approved by the Planning and Zoning Commission of the City of Salina, as the appropriate means of regulating the use of land and premises within the boundaries of the various districts as established by that certain map this day by said Planning and Zoning Commission duly recommended and approved, all on the 8th day of March, 1951. Wm. F. Grosser, Jr. Chairman of the said Planning and Attest: Zoning Commission Delbert Miller, Secretary (it) Appendix F RULES FOR LAND PLATTING These rules are adopted by the City Planning and Zoning Com- mission, of the City of Salina, Kansas, as a guide to persons or corporations intending to subdivide land located within the city limits or within three miles thereof in Saline County, which area by law is under the jurisdiction of the City Planning and Zoning Commission as regards the approval of plats. It is suggested that each subdivider of land confer with the City Planning and Zoning Commission before preparing the preliminary plan in order to become thoroughly familiar with subdivision re- quirements and with the proposals of the official master plan affecting the territory in which the proposed subdivision lies. PRELIMINARY PLAT A preliminary plat, in triplicate, of any proposed subdivision shall be submitted to the City Planning and Zoning Commission for approval before the preparation of the final plat or plat for record. Such plat must be filed in the office of the Commission at least five days prior to the meeting at which approval is asked. This plat shall be drawn to a scale of two hundred feet to one inch, or larger, and shall show, or be accompanied by, the fol- lowing information: (1) The proposed name of the subdivision (which must not be so similar to that of an existing subdivision as to cause confusion) and names of adjacent subdivisions. (2) The names of the owner and the engineer, surveyor, or landscape architect responsible for the survey and design. (3) The location of boundary lines. (4) The location and width of existing and proposed streets, roads, lots and alleys, building lines, parks and other features, and similar facts regarding property immediately adjacent thereto; also the location and size of existing sewers and water mains. If there are no adjacent subdivisions, then a map, made on a smaller scale, must be presented to the City Planning and Zoning Commission showing outline and ownership of adjacent properties, location and distance of the nearest subdivisions, and how the streets, alley_ s or highways in the subdivision offered for record may connect with those in the nearest subdivisions. (5) Survey showing physical features of the property, including location of water courses, ravines, bridges, culverts, present struc- tures and other features pertinent to subdivision. The outline of wooded areas or the location of important individual trees may be required. On extensive or broken tracts, the City Planning and Zoning Commission may require contours at intervals of two or five feet. All grades shown shall be referred to city datum. The approximate acreage of the property is to be indicated. (6) A designation of the proposed uses of land within the sub- division: that is, the type of residential use, location of business or industrial sites, and sites for churches, schools, parks or other special uses. (7) North point, scale and date. The approval of the preliminary plat does not constitute accep- tance of the subdivision, but merely an authorization to proceed with the preparation of the final plat. No work shall be done on the subdivision before the final plat is accepted, without the ap- proval of the city engineer and the written permission of the City Planning and Zoning Commission. FINAL PLAT After the preliminary plat has been approved by the City Planning and Zoning Commission, a final plat in the form of a record plat shall be prepared and submitted to the City Planning and Zoning Commission. Such plat shall be filed in the office of the Commission at least five days prior to the meeting at which approval is asked. This plat shall be drawn on tracing cloth in India ink and shall be to a scale of one hundred feet to the inch unless otherwise directed by the Commission, and shall show or be accompanied by the following information: (1) The name of the subdivision and adjacent subdivisions, the names of streets (to conform wherever possible to existing street names) and numbers of lots and blocks, in accordance with a systematic arrangement. In case of branching streets, the lines of departure shall be indicated. (2) An accurate boundary survey of the property, with bearings and distances, referenced to section corners, and showing the lines of all adjacent lands and the lines of adjacent streets and alleys, with their width and names. (3) Location of lots, streets, public highways, alleys, parks and other features, with accurate dimensions in feet and decimals of feet, with the length of radii and of arcs of all curves, and with all other information necessary to reproduce the plat on the ground. Dimensions shall be shown from all angle points and points of curve to lot lines. (4) The location of building lines on front and side streets, and the location of utility easements. (5) The location (shown in dotted lines) of streets and alleys immediately adjacent in other subdivisions. (6) An affidavit of ownership, showing fee simple title and en- cumbrances and liens and certificate of dedication of all streets, public highways, alleys, parks and other land intended for public use, signed by the owner or owners and by all other parties who have a mortgage or lien interest in the property, together with any restrictions which are to apply to lots. (7) A waiver of claim for damages occasioned by the establish- ment of grades or the alteration of the surface of any portion of the streets and alleys to conform to the grades so established. (8) Certification by a reputable civil engineer or surveyor to the effect that the plan represents a survey made by him, and that all the necessary survey monuments are correctly shown thereon. (9) Certificates of approval to be filled out by the City Planning and Zoning Commission. (10) Profiles of grades for streets, if required by the City Plan- ning and Zoning Commission. (11) North point, scale and date. All figures and letters shown must be plain, distinct, and of suffi- cient size to be easily read, and must be of sufficient density_ to make a lasting and permanent record. When more than one sheet is used, a key map, showing the entire subdivision at smaller scale with block numbers and street names, shall be shown on one of the sheets or on a separate sheet of the same size. The engineer shall place sufficient permanent monuments along the boundaries of the property so that another engineer may retrace his work with accuracy. Iron pins not less than two feet long and 7/E inch diameter shall be placed at block corners, angle points on the streets, and the beginning and end of curves on streets. GENERAL REQUIREMENTS Street Arrangements: Unless otherwise approved by the Commis- sion, provision must be made for the extension of main thorough- fares, as shown on the major street plan of the City Planning and Zoning Commission; and secondary streets must provide free cir- culation within the subdivision. Off - center street intersections will not be approved except in unusual cases. Relation to Adjoining Streets and Land: The system of streets designated for the subdivision, except in unusual cases, must connect with streets already dedicated in adjacent subdivisions; and where no adjacent connections are platted, must in general be the reasonable projection of streets in nearest subdivided tracts, and must be continued to the boundaries of the tract subdivided, so that other subdivisions may connect therewith. Large Allotments: In case a tract is subdivided into larger parcels than normal building lots, such parcels shall be arranged to permit the opening of future streets and logical resubdivision. 75 Dead End Streets and Courts: Except in unusual cases, no dead end streets will be approved unless such dead end streets are provided to connect with future streets in adjacent land, but courts or "places' may be permitted where the form or contour of the land makes it difficult to plat with connecting streets. Such courts or "places" shall provide proper access to all lots and shall generally not exceed four hundred feet in length, and a turn around shall be provided at the closed end, with an outside radius of at least fifty feet. Block Lengths: In general, intersecting streets, determining block lengths, shall be provided at such intervals as to serve cross traffic adequately and to meet existing streets or customary sub- division practices in the neighborhood. Where no existing plats control, the blocks should not exceed one thousand feet in length, except that in outlying subdivisions a greater length may be permitted where topography or other conditions, in the opinion of the Commission, justify such lengths. In blocks longer than eight hundred feet, pedestrian ways through the block may be required near the center of the block. Such pedestrian ways shall have a minimum width of ten feet. Blocks for business use should gen- erally not exceed six hundred feet. Street Widths: Major streets shall conform to the widths indi- cated on the major street plan adopted by the City Planning and Zoning Commission and on file in the office of the Commission. A building line safeguarding future widening, may be required by the Commission in lieu of dedication of the indicated width. Dedi- cation of a half street adjoining unplatted property will be accepted. No reserve strips will be permitted unless by special approval of the Commission. Minor streets shall be at least sixty feet in width, with roadway of not less than thirty -two feet from curb to curb in detached resi- dence districts. In districts where apartments or business buildings are apt to be built in the future, or where there is through traffic, a minimum roadway width of thirty -six feet will be required. Alley and Alley Widths: Except in unusual cases, alleys or loading courts must be provided in business blocks. Alleys are optional in residential districts, but are considered undesirable except where alleys of adjoining subdivisions would be closed or shut off from egress by the failure to provide alleys in the new subdivision. Alleys shall have a minimum width of twenty feet. In case of intersecting alleys a cutoff shall be required of at least five feet measured from the point of intersection of the alley lines, the resultant connecting lot line to be at least five feet in length. Lot Sizes: The minimum dimensions for residential lots shall be sixty feet in width and generally not less than one hundred twenty feet in depth, unless the City Planning and Zoning Commission, 76 for special reasons, approves otherwise. In no case, however, shall a rectangular or an irregularly shaped lot contain less than six thousand square feet. Corner lots shall be not less than seventy feet in width, unless otherwise approved by the City Planning and Zoning Commission. Lot Lines: All rectangular lots and all other lots, so far as prac- ticable, shall have the side lines at right angles to the street on which the lot faces, or radial to curved street lines. Lots with double frontage are undesirable, and should be avoided wherever possible. Utility Easements: Where alleys are not included in the plat, ease- ments of not less than five feet shall be provided on each side of rear or side lot lines, if required by the Commission, for public utiiiltes. If necessary for the extension of main water or sewer lines, or similar utilities, easements of greater width may be re- quired along lot lines or across lots. Easements shall connect with established easements in adjoining property. Building Lines: Building lines shall be shown on all lots intended for residential use, and in some cases may be required on lots intended for business use, and shall provide at least the setback required by the zoning ordinance. Parks, School Sites and Playgrounds: Suitable sites for parks, schools, playgrounds or other public requirements should be carefully considered and indicated on the preliminary plat, so that it can be determined which of such sites should be indicated on the final plat, and when, and in what manner such areas will be acquired by the City. Attention is called to the advantages, on a large tract, of dedicating a reasonable per cent of the property for such use. Improvements: As a condition to the approval of the final plat, the City Planning and Zoning Commission may require installation of paving, curbs and utilities, or in lieu of completion of such work, the City Planning and Zoning Commission may accept bond in the amount and under conditions to be specified. Sewers and Water: The City Planning and Zoning Commission may refuse to approve a plat unless it is evident that proper water and sewer facilities can be supplied within a reasonable time. Advice and Cooperation: Advice and cooperation in the prepara- tion of plats will be freely given by the office of the City Engineer. The City Planning and Zoning Commission shall be the judge in all cases regarding the application of the foregoing rules, and may approve variations in specific cases which do not affect the general application or spirit of the regulations. Variation of these rules may be approved in special cases which do not affect the general application or intent of the regulations. i i i i i i i i i i i 134 RESOLUTION NU11BER 1121 First Published in the Salina Journal ,1949) RESOLUTION RELr,TING TO PROVISI ON FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF A CITY PLAN FOR GENERAL PUBLIC PURPOSES AND SPECIFICALLY IN ORDER TO FACILITATE THE INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPE'NT OF THE CITY OF SALINA AND PROVIDING FOR THE PAYMENT OF THE COST THEREOF. BE IT RESOLVED BY THE BOARD OF COPdiviISSIONERS OF THE CITY OF SALINA, KANSAS: i It is hereby determined that the City of Salina should employ S. Herbert Hare, Ralph R. Reinhardt and Donald W. Bush, City Planners of Kansas City, Missouri, to prepare a complete city plan and report for the City of Salina to facilitate the industrial development thereof and for other purposes; the aggregate costs not to exceed NINETY -FIVE HUNDRED($9500.00) DOLLARS and certain expenses, that Lloyd W. Price, Mayor, is hereby authorized and directed to execute a certain contract for employing said planners for and on behalf of the city for the even date herewith. That the payment of the cost thereof is hereby allocated as follows, t0 -wit: 1. Seventy -five (75") per cent of such cost to the Industrial Ddvelopment Fund. Fund. 2. Twenty -five (25%) per cent of said cost to the General The foregoing Resolution was read and adopted this 23rd day of May, 1949. Lloyd W. Price yor Attest: Chas. E. Banker City Clerk STATE OF KANSAS ) SS COUNTY OF SALINE ) I, Chas. E. Banker, City Clerk of Salina, Kansas, do hereby certify that the above and foregoing is a true and correct copy of Resolution Number 1121, passed and approved by the Board of Commissioners on May 23, 1949. at ✓/ /