City Plan 1964
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COMPANY
ENGINEERS
ARCHITECTS t
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CITY COMMISSION
Carl R. Rundquist - Mayor
R. W. Bull
Ralph Exline
Gaylord E. Spangler
R. M. Stark
PLANNING- COMMISSION
J ames McKim - Chairman
C. A. Brooks
Robert L. Flory
Fred S. Haase
Raymond E. Haggart
Wilber L. Johnson
William H. Odgers
Milton Thelander
Gilbert Wenger
CITY OFF ICIALS
Norris D. Olson
City Manager
Harold F. Harper City Engineer
Harold E. Peterson City Clerk
Donald Harrison City Treasurer
L. O. Bengtson City Attorney
Leland M. Srack Former City Manager
SEPTEMBER 1964
The preparation of this report was financially aided through a
Federal grant from the Urban Renewal Administration, of the
Housing and Home Finance Agency, under the Urban Planning
Assistance Program authorized by Section 707 of the Housing
Act of 7954, as amended.
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GENERAL OFFICES
CITY HAL L B U I L DIN G
SALINA CITY PLANNING COMMISSION
SALINA, KANSAS
September 1964
To: Mayor Carl R. Rundquist, City Commissioners
and Citizens of the City of Salina
It is with considerable pleasure that we transmit to you, for your consideration and
adoption, this Comprehensive Plan for Salina's growth and development.
With the view of making the entire Salina Community a better place in which to live,
your Planning Commission, City Staff members and Wilson & Company, Engineers and
Architects, our Planning Consultants, have been studying the many problems which effect
the well- being of the City.
We are sincerely grateful for the fine cooperation and assistance from the many persons
and agencies, public and private, which facilitated our efforts. Particular deserving of
recognition are; City Manager, Norris D. Olson; City Engineer, Harold F. Harper and
Ralph B. Ricklefs, Jr., Secretary of the Saline County Planning and Zoning Commission,
who assisted in the planning program in all of its various phases. The Salina City
Plan is, in the truest sense, the joint product of many hours of effort by many public
officials and our professional planners.
The Plan is a policy statement of community objectives, long-range and practical. Its
proposals are capable of achievement within the planning period and within the financial
capabilities of the City. If the Plan is to fulfill the objective of being a goal toward
which the entire community can focus its efforts in harmony, there must be understanding
and acceptance by all citizens.
In itself, however, the Plan is only an instrument, and its adoption will not automatically
benefit the community. The members of the Planning Commission believe that the
planning program for the City has not ended with the completion of the Plan but actually
has only begun at this point. After adoption the community should not let the Plan
become out-of-date. The Plan should be continually reviewed and updated periodically.
Amendments, however, should only be made after thorough, thoughtful study consistent
with the overall objectives established for the City.
YO: C11Y~ kL
James McKim, Chairman
Salina City Planning Commission
Member. . League of Kansas Municipalities - American Municipal Association
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FOREWORD
THE COMPREHENSIVE CITY PLAN FOR SALINA IS BASICALLY A GUIDE
WHICH ESTABLISHES GOALS, OBJECTIVES AND PRINCIPLES; PROVIDING
THE CITIZENS OF THE COMMUNITY WITH A LONG - RANGE PATTERN OF
CO- ORDINATED PHYSICAL DEVELOPMENT. IT IS INTENDED TO BE A
FRAMEWORK WITHIN WHICH INDIVIDUALS AND PUBLIC OFFICIALS CAN MAKE
DEVELOPMENT DECISIONS WITH REASONABLE ASSURANCE THAT THEY ARE
WORKING TOWARD THE SAME COMPATIBLE GOALS. THE PLAN RECOMMENDS
HARMONIOUS AND ECONOMICAL LAND USE ARRANGEMENTS WHICH INVOLVE
A VARIETY OF CONSIDERATIONS. ADEQUATE AND EFFICIENT THOROUGHFARES
AND COLLECTOR STREETS, ECONOMICALLY FEASIBLE EXTENSIONS OF
MUNICIPAL UTILITY SYSTEMS, ACCEPTABLE POPULATION DENSITIES,
PROPERLY SPACED AND SIZED AREAS FOR SCHOOLS, PARKS, PLAYGROUNDS,
FIRE STATIONS AND OTHER COMMUNITY FACILITIES, STABILIZATION OF
LAND AND INVESTMENT VALUES AND ADAPTIBILITY TO CHANGING CONDITIONS
ARE EXAMPLES OF THESE CONSIDERATIONS.
THE PLAN, COMPILED BY WILSON & COMPANY - PLANNING CONSULTANTS,
UNDER THE GUIDANCE OF THE SALINA CITY PLANNING COMMISSION, IS
PRESENTED IN THREE SECTIONS. SECTION 1 - "THE CITY AND ITS
PEOPLE" CONTAINS A BRIEF HISTORY OF THE COMMUNITY, A SUMMARY
OF PHYSICAL AND SOCIAL CHARACTERISTICS; AN ANALYSIS OF THE
ECONOMIC BASE OF THE CITY, AND A FORECAST OF POPULATION GROWTH.
SECTION 2 - "THE GENERAL DEVELOPMENT PLAN" CONSIDERS THE THREE
MAJOR ELEMENTS OF THE PLAN. THE "LAND USE" AND "COMMUNITY
FACILITIES" ELEMENTS ARE ANALYZED IN DETAIL INCLUDING INVENTORIES
AND APPRAISALS OF EXISTING CONDITIONS AS WELL AS PROJECTIONS OF
FUTURE NEEDS AND GROWTH PATTERNS. THE THIRD ELEMENT,
"TRANSPORTATION ", IS PARTIALLY REVIEWED IN THIS PLANNING REPORT.
THE STUDY OF THE MAJOR THOROUGHFARE SYSTEM IS THE SUBJECT OF
A CONCURRENT PLANNING PROjECT.
THE PLAN, PRESENTED IN THE FORM OF WORDS, MAPS AND CHARTS, IS
NOT INTENDED TO BE A RIGID SET OF RULES AND REGULATIONS.
CONTINUOUS PLANNING MUST BE THE WATCHWORD. THE PLANNING PROCESS
IS BEST PERPETUATED BY AN ACTIVE AND NON-PARTISAN PLANNING
COMMISSION. THE SUCCESS OF THEIR EFFORTS IS ONLY POSSIBLE THROUGH
THE COOPERATION OF CITY, COUNTY AND OTHER GOVERNMENTAL AGENCIES
AND THE SUPPORT AND UNDERSTANDING OF THE PEOPLE.
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
Superintendent of Schools - Walter M. Ostenberg
Saline County Clerk - Paul F. Swartz - Paul A. Drevets
Saline County Engineer - Hugh C. Hull
Smoky Hill Historical Museum - Mrs. Mabel Cooley
Salina Public Library - Richard]. Newman
Salina Recreation Commission - David A. Zook
Salina Park Department - I. R. Ricklefs
Salina Fire Department - ]. E. Travis
Kansas Department of Economic Development, Planning Division
Kansas State Highway Commission
Kansas State Board of Health
Kansas Department of Labor, Employment Security Division
The League of Kansas Municipalities
Office of Public Information - Schilling A F B
U. S. Department of Commerce - Bureau of Public Roads
U. S. Department of Commerce - Bureau of Census
TABLE OF MAPS
GROWTH PATTERN
TRADE AREA
EMPLOYMENT DENSITY
POPULATION DENSITY
SALINA PROPER LAND USE
PLANNING AREA LAND USE
CENTRAL BUSINESS DISTRICT
LAND USE
GENERALIZED ZONING MAP
STRUCTURAL CONDITION
NEIGHBORHOOD DEVELOPMENT PLAN
COMMUNITY FACILITIES
PLAYGROUND AND PARK PLAN
WATER SYSTEM
SEWERAGE SYSTEM
STORM DRAINAGE SYSTEM
1963 TRAFFIC VOLUMES
GENERAL DEVELOPMENT PLAN
PAGE
3
8
15
19
32
34
36-37
39
41
45
60-61
80
82-83
85
87
90-91
98
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
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SECTION 1 - THE CITY AND ITS PEOPLE
HISTORY AND GROWTH
PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS
ECONOMIC CONSIDERATIONS
POPULATION
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SECTION 2 - THE GENERAL DEVELOPMENT PLAN
LAND USE ELEMENT
ZONING
STRUCTURAL CONDITION
NEIGHBORHOODS -1963
NEIGHBORHOOD LAND USE PROJECTIONS
CENTRAL BUSINESS DISTRICT
INDUSTRIAL AREAS
COMMUNITY FACILITIES ELEMENT
SCHOOLS
PUBLIC BUILDINGS
PARKS AND RECREATION
WATER SYSTEM
SEWERAGE SYSTEM
STORM DRAINAGE SYSTEM
TRANSPORTATION ELEMENT
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2
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SECTION 3 -IMPLEMENTING THE DEVELOPMENT PLAN
IMPLEMENTATION OF THE PLAN
APPENDIX
PAGE
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5
6
16
29
38
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44
57
59
62
62
67
72
83
84
86
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SECTION
1
THE CITY AND ITS PEOPLE
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SALI
Saline Co. Kansas.IS73.
No.9. &lina Public
10. Hapti"
11, Methodist
12, Cfl,th01il~
13. Pref'uyterum
14 Epi.copal
15. Swe(-;uish Luth'ra.tl
16. dfrlYllUI
Courtesy of Smoky Hill Historical Museum
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THE CITY AND ITS PEOPLE
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HISTORY AND GROWTH
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In 1724 a French emissary, who was in the area of what is
now Salina, wrote...
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"This is a fine country, and the most beautiful land in
the world. The meadows are rolling like the sea and
abound in wild animals, especially in the ox, cow, hind
and stag in such quantities as to surpass the imagination.
All the tribesmen themselves have splendid horses and
are good riders. "
Over one hundred and thirty years later, in 1856, the first
attempt at settlement near the site of Salina was made by
Preston B. Plumb. He recognized the importance of
establishing a town near the junction of the Saline and
Smoky Hill Rivers. He decided later that the proposed
settlement was too far away from the other centers of
population in the territory so the plan was abandoned.
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In 1858, a party of five men headed by William A. Phillips,
a Scottish immigrant, organized the Salina Town Company.
They quickly staked out the town site of Saleena, later
changed to Salina. In 1859, Saline County was officially
established by the Territorial Legislature and Salina was
incorporated and designated as the County Seat.
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Alexander Campbell, a member of the town company, opened
a trading post and stare in 1859. In June of that year, a
flood covered the valleys and washed out the bridges. This
influenced him to build a road on higher ground. The new
road followed the ridges between the watershed from Salina
to Fort Riley and then on to Lawrence. Today, US - 40
Highway follows the approximate route of the old Phillips
Road. In 1859, Salina's first hotel was opened. Mr. Phillips
started Salina's leading industry when he built a sawmill
and grist mill in 1861. During the same year the first Post
Office was established.
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In 1865, Colonel Phillips returned from the war to find that
surveyors were laying out the route of the Kansas Pacific
Railroad which had been built as far as Topeka. Colonel
Phillips convinced the railroad builders that the Smoky Hill
Valley was the best route to follow. In 1867, the railroad
reached Salina. A short time later, F. B. J. Hanna arrived
with type and press and began publishing the Herald,
Salina's first newspaper.
Considerable importance was given to settlement of Salina's
surrounding territory in 1868 by the First Swedish Agricul-
tural Company of Chicago. Thousands of Scandinavians
were coming to the United States because of a severe-
drought in Sweden and Norway and the Chicago Company
proposed to colonize Central Kansas with the immigrants.
The Chicago Company bought 13,000 acres in southern
Saline and northern McPherson Counties for settlement
purposes. In 1869, 250 Scandinavians, mostly Swedes,
came to Salina to settle the farm lands that had been
purchased for them. Some of these people settled in
Salina, and the town became the distribution and trading
center for the new settlement area.
".. . The Kansas Pacific Railroad is now open this year
to Sheridan, 405 miles west of the Missouri River. .. ..
the Herald announced on New Year's Day 1870. Three
trains, a "fast" mail, an accomodation train and a mixed
train operated between Salina and Kansas City. Fastest
schedule, that of the mail train, promised. . .
. . . a fast ride of only 70 hours and 20 minutes to
Kansas City."
Salina was designated a city of the third class, with a
population of nearly a thousand, in 1870. The first Court
House and Jail were built in the same year. In 1871, the
Pacific House, which became one of the leading hotels in
Central Kansas, opened for business. The Land Office
was moved from Junction City to Salina and the building
boom followed.
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As a result of two major fires, which destroyed large parts
of the business district in the town's early years of growth,
the city council passed an ordinance in 1875 prohibiting
construction of wooden buildings inside the city limits.
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Salina's trade territory was greatly effected in the 1870's
by the introduction of winter wheat and in 1878, a
steam - powered flour mill was opened; many other industries
came to Salina during the following five year period.
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The United States Census of 1880, showed the largest
proportional increase in population in Salina's history.
From a village of 918 in 1870, it had grown into a thriving
city of 3,311 in ten years. An industrial census of 1884
showed proof of the city's economic stability. Besides
many new homes, Salina had a new waterworks system with
a daily capacity of three million gallons. There were also
two wholesale grocery firms, five agricultural implement
dealers, three flour mills, and many other wholesale and
retail es tablishments. The City had six hotels, ten grain
elevators, five livery stables, six blacksmith shops, ten
churches, and two schools. An opera house was built in
1884, as well as the Salina Normal University, which was
later destroyed by fire.
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The following five years saw the completion of the Missouri
Pacific Railroad in 1886, the Chicago Rock Island and the
Atchison - Topeka and Santa Fe in 1887. S1. John's Military
Academy, located on a 51 acre site on the northern edge of
the City was also established during the same year. By
1890, Salina's population was 6,503 and by the end of the
century it had grown to 9,105.
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In 1910, the City's existing Court House was built and the
present City Hall was completed the following year. Salina
claims the distinction of organizing the first Boy Scout
troop in America in January 1, 1910.
By 1920, the city's population stood at 14,190. In 1921,
Salina voted to adopt the commission - manager form of
government, replacing the council system. Marymount
College for girls was dedicated in 1922 and during the next
few years a major link in the transportation system was
completed with the construction of US - 40.
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CHRONOLOGICAL
ANN EXA TION
ACREAGE ACREAGE
TOTAL ADDED PERIOD COLOR
305 1859 0
103 1861 .
408 1870
514 106 1871 .
1880
2338 1814 1881 .
1890
2328 1891
1910
1911 .
2510 182 1920
2938 428 1921 .
1930
2983 45 1931 .
1940
1941 .
3128 145 1950
1951 .
5602 2474 1960
6120 518 1961 .
SAlI N A
.-.
~N~
4000 FEET
CITY PlANNING
COMMI~~ION
WI LS 0 N
! COMPANY
ENGINE.ERS ~
ARCHliECTS j
PLANNING CONSUL T ANTS
Representatives from all parts of the State met in Salina
in 1911 to formulate plans for the construction of a
north - south highway through the center of the state.
Winfield Watson of Salina was president of the organization
which was called the Meridian Highway Association. In
1925, the Federal Government accepted the organization's
plans and began the marking and routing of the highway
which became U S - 81.
The "City of Salina ", America's first streamliner, was
put into service between Salina and Kansas City on 31
January, 1935, by the Union Pacific. Leaving Salina daily
at 7 a. m. it arrived in Kansas City three and one-half hours
later; seven hours faster than its predecessor the "fast
mail" of 1870. Outmoded and too small to accommodate
traffic, the "City of Salina" was taken out of service 16
December, 1941.
Since its birth to the present, Salina's steady growth and
development has made it one of the largest and most
important cities in Kansas. Continuous growth for over a
century has given Salina stability, dignity and maturity.
However, as a result of this growth and maturity, obsoles-
cence and blight have been inherited. Certain areas of the
City are becoming slums, parts of the business district are
obsolete in layout and physical plant, park and recreational
areas have fallen far behind modern needs, and both City
and County governments need new and expanded facilities
to keep abreast of growing service demands.
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PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS
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GEOGRAPHICAL LOCATION. . . Salina, located only eighty
miles southeast of the geographical center of the United
States, is the closest large city to the heart of the nation.
The geographical center of the State of Kansas is forty
miles to the southwest of the City. The junctions of
Interstate Highways 70 and 35 Wand of U. S. Highways 81
and 40 at Salina provide transcontinental highway accessi-
bility which is second to none. Served by four major
railroads, the.City is a geographical center with respect to
railwa~ transportation. Scheduled airline services connect
with all of the nation's commercial airways. In every
important aspect Salina is geographically the hub city of
the nation.
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TOPOGRAPHY ... Most of the developed area of the City
lies in the broad valley of the Smoky Hill River, 85
river - miles downstream from the Kanopolis Reservoir Dam.
The downstream distance of 85 miles, when compared to
the straightline distance of 22 miles, illustrates the
meandering nature of the river. The Smoky Hill River flows
north through the eastern section of the City in a controlled
channel. This channel confines river flow between a levee
and the high ground adjacent to the east bank of the river.
New man-made channels cut off a number of river loops
and several miles of river tha t previously meandered
through the City. The levee system and cut - off channels
controlling the Smoky Hill River were a part of a flood
control project constructed by the Corps of Engineers and
the City, which was completed in 1962. The project included
similar work protecting the City from the flooding of Dry
Creek, Mulberry Creek and the Saline River on the west and
north; collectively the flood control system completely
rings the City and is designed to prevent any future flooding.
The area so protected totals 12,629 acres.
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Normal river flow is allowed to flow into the old river
channel that meanders through the City by means of a
control structure located in Indian Rock Park. In periods
of excessive rainfall the old channel through the City is
used as a ponding area for interior storm waters.
Four miles downstream, to the northeast, the Saline River
joins the Smoky Hill. The areas adjacent to the City to the
north west, north, and northeast are the valleys of Mulberry
Creek and the Saline River and are subject to varying
degrees of periodic flooding. The effect the new flood
protection system for the City will have upon these areas
to the north is yet unknown. The flow-way of the Smoky
Hill has been shortened and narrowed and the rate - of - flow
inc rea sed .
The topography of Salina is predominately very flat. The
area west of the controlled flood channel rises from
approximately 1220 feet above sea level, along the top of
the Smoky Hill River bank to only 1240 feet in the southern
section of the City, two miles away. The Indian Rock Park
area is the only exception on the west side of the new
channel. Previous to the channel construction, the Park
was a part of the terrain formation which rises sharply to
gentle rolling hills that vary in elevation from 1270 feet to
1320 feet on the east side of the river.
GEOLOGY ... The level bottom land is composed of
alluvium deposited by the Smoky Hill River since glacial
times. Friable, silty to clayey soils are found generally
on the surface. . Hard clay extends to water - bearing sand
and gravel at depths varying from 20 to 30 feet below the
surface. The underlying Permian - Wellington formation
pinches out the sand - gravel strata in some places.
The gentle rolling upland to the east is composed of
mantle-rock produced by the disintegration of sands tone or
shale bedrock, modified by an accumulation of a yellowish
brown loam called loess. Loess short grass plains have a
dark brown surface layer containing large amounts of organic
matter underlain by a layer of soluble materials such as
lime. Where the surface was stable for hundreds of years,
clay clogged the subsoil creating a clay - pan condition
with the water table perched above the subsoil.
5
Natural resources found near Salina include sand, gravel,
salt, oil, clay, volcanic ash, and gypsum. Native tree
cover of cottonwood, bur oak, elm, mulberry and willow
grow along the banks and slopes of the various streams and
water courses. The bottom lands are the prime agricultural
crop growing areas and the neighboring uplands are used
for cattle grazing. .
CLlMA TE. . . Situated in paths of alternating cold -dry polar
and warm - humid Gulf air mass movements has the effect
of increasing the range of year around temperatures in the
Central Kansas Area. The mean daily maximum tempera-
tures, by month, vary from a low of 410 to a high of 940
while the mean daily minimums vary from 21 0 to 71 ~ The
annual mean temperature is 560. The periods when the
temperature falls below zero, as well as those when the
temperature rises above 1000, are normally relatively short.
Annual precipitation averages about 27 inches. During the
peak months of May, June and July, the precipitation
averages 3.5 inches per month; off - set in January and
February when less than an inch per month may be expected.
Snowfall, in measurable quantities, will occur on only 11
days per average year, spread over the 5 winter months.
Four of these eleven snowfalls will be in excess of 1.5
inches. Rainfall may be expected on 64 days of an average
year. The area is noted for the prevalence of wind of
relatively high velocities; including thos~ associated with
squalls and thunderstorms. Prevailing winds are southerly
with an average annual velocity of approximately 12 m ph.
The average relative humidities of 40 % to 50 % in the
summer and 60 % to 70 % in the winter are the lowest in the
states east of the Rockies.
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ECONOMIC CONSIDERATIONS
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The three major studies basic to city planning are popula-
tion, economic base and land use. Each of these major
studies includes a number of component parts and each of
the studies is closely related to the others. People create
economi c opportunities, economic opportunities attract
people to the community, and new people and new economic
opportunities together create the needs for changing and
expanding demands on the land. It is not important to decide
which is the cause and which is the effect.
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Comprehensive planning should be based upon knowledge
of the city's economy and the analysis and projections or
trends that the economy is likely to take. Economic
projections or forecasts are like any other attempt to look
into the future; they are vulnerable to error and need to be
reviewed and revised periodically. Economic forecas ts are,
however, far superior to blind guesswork, or to off - the - cuff
assumptions that the community will continue as is, or
that it will continue to grow at the same rate as it has in
the last decade.
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There are one or more major reasons for the existence of
any town or city; it may be a trade center, a sea port, a
governmental center (a county seat for example), a
man ufacturing or resort center, an educational center, etc.
Trading is the major or basic reason for Salina's existence
and growth. Salina is also a governmental center, as the
county seat of Saline County and the location of a
considerable number of State and Federal offices. Industrial
and manufacturing activities are of importance and the
activities and changing roles of Schilling (Smoky Hill)
A F B have had dramatic effects upon the economy of the
community.
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Historical and present - day information and data has been
collected concerning a number of the economic factors which
support the City or that are economic indicators. Obviously
the growth pattern and the future of Schilling A F Bare
quite vital to any intelligent forecasts or predictions for
the future of Salina. Unfortunately, the future of most
military installations is virtually impossible to forecast.
Other important items of statistical information, such as
retail and wholesale trade, employment, sales tax data,
banking, building permits, postal receipts, income data and
similar indicators of economy have been collected for use
in the processes of planning for the future. Representative
indicators of the health and vigor of the Salina economy
are presented in graphic form to illustrate trends and the
relative importance of the various elements that make up
the economy of the community.
1950
1955
1960
60
40
ASSESSED VALUATION
In Mil/ions Dol/ars
50
~
6
50
2
4
40
30
1000
500
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TRADE ... The economic development of Salina has been
largely dictated by its favorable location with respect to
highway and railway transportation since this one factor,
accessibility, is of vital importance to trade. The retail,
wholesale and service industries of the City are the principal
sources of income as can be seen on the graph illustrating
the principal categories of "Employment"; accounting for
nearly 48 percent of the total labor force.
8
SALINA TRADE AREAS
A recent survey of 70 representative establishments revealed
tha t the trade ind us tries serve lar ge primary areas, and
secondary and tertiary areas that reach into neighboring
states. A composite of this survey, in the form of a "Trade
Area" map, has been included to show the extent and shape
of the areas supporting this important segment of the Salina
economy. An analysis of this trade position, and the
potentials of the future, must necessarily include recognition
of the continuing downward trend of rural population and
the decline of population in most of the counties in the
Salina trade area. Rural population in Kansas represented
only 39 percent of the State total in 1960 as compared to
48 percent in 1950. Between 1950 and 1960, 70 of the 105
counties in Kansas experienced a decline in population. Of
the 35 counties which had increases in population, only
one increased at a faster percentage rate than Saline
County - 129 % in Johnson County as compared to 63.8 %
in Saline County.
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POPULATION DECREASE 1950 - 1960
- --
-----
PERCENT DECREASE
!:;:::::::,:::::,:::::::,A 0 - 10 ~::::::::::::::::::::::::::3 11 - 20
24 - 26
U. S. Census
The economic health of the trade industries of the City is
quite obviously related to the prosperity and growth of the
region they serve. For that reason, the Salina community
should be vitally interested in preserving, strengthening
and increasing the well- being and livelihood of north
central and wes tern Kansas counties.
POPULATION DENSITY 1960
PERSONS PER SQUARE MILE
0-4.9 I I
5 14 9 !..............I
-- . ;:;:;:::;:;:;:;::;:;:;:::;:
15 - 29. 9 l;:;:;:;:;:~:~:;:j:;:;:;:;:~
30 - 49.9
50 OR MORE
CENTER OF POPULATION *
U. S. Census
9
The graphs illustrating the distribution of wholesale and
retail sales and of receipts of selected services in percent
of total sales indicate the relative importance of major
trade items. The breakdown of wholesale sales shows the
predominance of farm products, grains and livestock sales,
which represent 71.5 perCent of the total wholesale trade.
The importance of the automotive sales and repairs in both
retail sales and service receipts is typical.
SALES
In Millions of Dollars
200
160
120
80
40
1948
1958
SALINE COUNTY
U. S. Census
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DISTRIBUTION OF RETAIL SALES
In Percent of Total Dollars
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DRUGS "'!
3.0%
FURNITURE 3.7%
APPAREL 4.9%
EATING, DRINKING 5.5%
GASOLINE 7.7%
ALL OTHER 8.2%
LUMBER, HARDWARE 11.4%
Ge:NERAL 11.9%
MERCHANDISE
AUTOMOTIVE 20.2%
DEALERS
FOOD 23.5%
0 10 20
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1958- SALINE COUNTY - TOTAL $67,015,000
U. S. Census
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DISTRIBUTION OF WHOLESALE SALES
In Percent of Total Dollars
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ELECTRICAL.GOODS 1.3%
MOTOR VEHICLES, 2.8%
AUTOMOTIVE EQU1P.
GROCERIES 3.4%
MACHINERY, 4.2%
EQUIPMENT
, HEATING, 4.3%
MISCELLANEOUS 12.5%
FARM PRODUCTS 71.5%
0 30 60
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1958-SALlNE COUNTY - TOTAL $148,836,000
U. S. Census
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AGRICUL TURE ... Agriculture cannot be overlooked as
an important contributor to the economy of the community
even though the number of persons directly employed on the
farms has been steadily declining as a result of increasing
farm size and mechanization. This trend is, of course,
general throughout Kansas and the United States.
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Despite the drop of nearly 300 in the number of farms in
Saline County in ten years, the total acreage in farm use
remains rather constant. Total acreage in farms decreased
8.5 percent (38,700 acres) between 1954 and 1959. Highway
rights -of-way, city and airbase expansions, flood control
construction, and many other changes in land use, including
return of lands to non-productive status, account for the
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decrease in farm acreages. Smaller farms being consolidated
with the larger units has increased the size of the average
farm from 306 to 424 acres. This trend toward larger farms
in Saline County is illustrated in the following table:
SIZE IN ACRES NUMBER OF FARMS
19S4 1959
under 10 57 20
10 to 49 71 64
50 to 69 23 17
70 to 99 89 53
100 to 139 53 42
140 to 179 153 118
180 to 219 47 39
220 to 259 124 78
260 to 499 365 308
500 to 999 184 182
1000 or more 46 59
TOT ALS 1212 980
AGRICUL TURAL TRENDS - SALINE COUNTY
PERCENT
1949/1950 1959/1960 CHANGE
TOTAL NUMBER OF FARMS 1,277 980 - 23.5
PERCENT OPERATED
BY TENANTS 32 (A) 29 (A) - 9.5
AVERAGE SIZE OF FARMS 306 (B) 424 (B) + 38.5
AVERAGE VALUE OF
LAND a. BUILDINGS $ 32,466 ( c ) $ 59,248 ( c ) + 82.5
AVERAGE VALUE OF
LAND a. BUILDINGS $ 106 (0 ) $ 137 (0) + 29.0
VALUE OF PRODUCTS SOLD
(IN THOUSANDS)
ALL CROPS $ 3,662 $ 5,542 + 51.5
LIVESTOCK a. PRODUCTS $3,013 $ 5,207 + 73.0
DAIRY PRODUCTS $525 $556 + 6.0
pou L TRY a. PRODUCTS $ 369 $153 - 58.5
TOTAL $ 7,568 $11,459 + 51.5
NUMBER OF CATTLE a CALVES 31,600 39,000 + 23.5
AVERAGE VALUE OF
PRODUCTS SOLD $19.50(0 ) $27.50(0 ) +41.0
( A) Percent
( B) Acres
( c) Per Farm
( 0) Per Acre
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INDUSTRY - MANUFACTURING. . . Historically, the State
of Kansas has been agriculturally oriented although in
recent years manufacturing has become a more dominant
factor and surpassed agriculture as a wealth producing
factor. The changes that have occurred have been significant
but the gains have not kept pace with industrial growth in
other sections of the country. To date the industrial growth
in the Salina community has been less than in most of the
larger cities of the State. Between 1950 and 1960 the
population of Salina increased 65 percent while industrial
employment increased only 27 percent. While new industry
is most desirable to balance and diversify the economic
base, it is also necessary for the more important purpose of
halting the exporting of young people to areas with better
employment possibilities. The economy of the State, or of
the City, will never reach its full potential until this export
trend is slowed, stopped, or even reversed. The educational
facilities of the City, and those in the State, are second to
none and the percentages of young people completing high
school and college are steadily increasing.
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EDUCATION TRENDS - SALINA
Persons 25 Years Old and Over
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1950
MEDIAN SCHOOL YEARS COMPLETED 12.0
PERCENT WHO COMPLETED LESS
THAN 5 GRADES 3.8%
PERCENT WHO COMPLETED HIGH SCHOOL
OR MORE 50.3 %
PERCENT WHO COMPLETED COLLEGE not available
1960
12.3
2.1 %
59.3%
10.2%
Vocational training is soon to be offered to residents of the
community and surrounding area. While a trained supply of
technicians available in Salina will be a powerful force for
industry to locate in the community, it will take an all- out
coordinated and sincere effort to accomplish industrial
growth.
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If the new industry does not materialize, we will be training
and educating even more of the younger people for the labor
export market.
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The long list of location factors and considerations which
are important to industries seeking new development sites
includes markets, labor, basic materials and services, water
and waste disposal, power and fuel, government and legis-
lation, community characteristics, financing, weather, site
data and transportation.
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The situation at Salina can be generalized as rating from
fair to excellent in the dozens of detailed items that are
examined by those choosing plant sites. Each type of
industry has its own criteria and there is wide variation in
requirements. Water, for example, may be needed in
voluminous or in insignificant quantities dependent upon
the processes involved. Transportation and accessibility
is one consideration, however, which is almost always of
prime concern. This one attribute of Salina is surely worthy
of emphasis. Industry and manufacturing can be attracted
by this one factor if other considerations are comparable.
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Based upon economic and technological trends and upon
future industrial growth prospects, industrial employment
will increase. The Plan provides a variety and range of
industrial sites on which it will be economically feasible
to establish industrial developments. Employment densities
ranging from three to ten employees per indus trial acre have
been forecasted. An average of five employees per acre on
980 acres of new industrial land - a total of 4,900 new
industrial jobs - is suggested as the primary goal to which
the entire community should be directed. A greater emphasis
must be placed on the expansion of industry in Salina to
the end that manufacturing becomes a much more important
element in the economy of the community.
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TRANSPORTATION -COMMUNICATIONS - UTILITIES. ..
This category of employment has shown little change in
total number of employees in the last ten or fifteen years.
There have been shifts within the classification itself that
are significant. Railroad employment has declined which
was off - set by increases in the trucking industry. There
have been minor decreases in communications and small
increases in the utilities category. Continual increases
in this element of employment are expected in the planning
period, primarily as a result of new and expanded trucking
associated with industrial growth and the completion of
the Interstate highways.
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CONSTRUCTION ... Employment in this classification is
subject to continually changing requirements. As a
community grows there is an accompanying increa.se in the
numbers of relatively permanent employees but the total
construction labor force often varies sharply when special
and large projects are initiated and when they are completed.
The in and out migration of workers on air base projects
and on highway construction work are examples. Salina
is, however, the home of a number of construction companies
both large and small. Together they make up a significant
part of the total labor force. Much of the work enjoyed by
these firms is outside of the Salina community; in central
and western Kansas, as well as in neighboring states.
Employment in this classification of the labor force is
expected to increase, paralleling the growth of the City.
GOVERNMENT .... Employment in this income group
continues to grow at a high percentage rate which closely
parallels the growth of the community. The need for
additional city, county, school, and other governmental
employees increases with each new increment of population.
The numbers of State and Federal employees also increase
with the growth of the community. These trends in
governmental employment will not change in the foreseeable
fu ture .
13
INCOME TRENDS . . . As will be noted in the accompanying
table of income trends, median family incomes in Salina
increased nearly 68 percent in the period between 1950 and
1960. During these same ten years, the median family
income for the State increased almost 88 percent; from
$ 2823 to $ 5295. The increases in Wichita and Topeka were
80 percent; 74 percent in Hutchinson, and 71 percent in
Kansas City. The detailed income data for the State,and
its major cities, indicates that the greatest increases were
experienced in those classes of employment associated
with manufacturing. The median income of wage earners
employed in manufacturing is considerably higher than
those in the "white - collar" retail and wholesale trade
classifications.
INCOME TRENDS - SALINA
US Census
1950
PERCENTAGE
CHANGE
1960
POPULATION
NUMBER OF FAMILIES
MEDIAN FAMILY INCOME
INCOME LESS THAN $2,000
INCOME LESS THAN $3,000
I NCOME OVER $ 5,000
INCOME OVER $10,000
NO, OF CIVILIAN PERSONS EMPLOYED
PERCENTAGE OF TOTAL
POPULATION EMPLOYED
26,176
7,105
$ 3,260
21.8%
NA
18.6%
NA
10,217
+46.9%
43,202
11,459
$ 5,475
NA
14.9%
NA
11.8%
15,009
+65.0%
+61.9%
+67.9%
34.7%
39.0%
-11.0%
N A - Not Avo; I able
14
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EMPLOYMENT FORECAST ... The structure of Salina's
economy is expected to shift. The economic importance of
agriculture will 'continue to decline although the rate of
decline will lessen and this segment of the economy will
tend to level off. The trade elements, retail, wholesale and
service industries, will continue to predominate the economic
base of the community although the gains will be slightly
less than in the previous two decades. Manufacturing and
related industrial businesses and employment are expected
to become increasingly important as a result of an all- out
effort on the part of business leaders and local governmental
officials. This joint effort is strongly recommended by the
Planning Commission in the interest of broadening the
economic base of the City. If industry and manufacturing
are attracted to the City, reduced activities or closure of
the Air Base will have a lesser and shorter -lived effect
on the economy of the community.
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EACH DOT REPRESENTS
10 EMPLOYEES
.
AREAS CONTAINING OVER .
150 EMPLOYEES
SAlI N A
CITY PlANNING
COMMISSION
.-.
~N~
I ,
4000 FEET
11LSON
COMPANY
ENGINEERS t
ARCHITECTS I
PLANNING CONSULTANTS
r
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POPULATION
,
Despite the desire and the great need for reliable population
forecasts, such projections are not a precise or exact
science. Changes in population are the net result of two
variables. The trends of natural increases, the differences
between births and deaths, can be developed with acceptable
accuracy. Net migration, the movement of people into and
out of the community, is difficult to analize and predictions
of this second variable are subject to a variety of complex-
ities. The marked effects of the changing roles of Schilling
A F B are well known by residents of the Salina community.
The drought in the thirties, World War II, and the Korean
War are as impossible to predict as would be the effects of
new major industrial developments.
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It is possible, however, to make reasonably accur~te
forecasts by use of a variety of acceptable methods which
involve study and analysis of past local, state and national
trends. The migration and natural increase and Cohort-
Survival methods, a number of mathematica~ and geometric
computations, comparisons with recent utility company
forecasts and those of technical consultants to the City,
and comparison wi th national and state projections resulted
in forecasts of population in 1985 which ranged from a high
of over 94,000 to alow of 54,000. The exponential projection
most closely parallels the actual 1940 -1960 percentage
increase while the power and logarithmic projections
compare most favorably with the numerical increase in that
same period. Recent experience indicates that utility
company predictions fall on either side of actual growth
curves, with the telephone company the most optimistic.
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As a result of considerable analysis and study, population
growth rates of 24 percent by 1970, and of 22 percent
between 1970 and 1980, were selected as reason~ble
forecasts. In the opinion of the Planning Commission,
these projections are not overly optimistic and the Plan
is based upon populations of 59,000 by 1975 and 72,000
in the year 1985.
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State and national population trends have had, and will
continue to have, a significant effect upon the growth of the
Salina community. In the past sixty years the United States
has changed from a rural to a predominantly urban nation.
This trend is equally apparent in the State of Kansas. In
1951, 52 percent of the Kansas population resided in urban
areas, in 1961 this percentage had reached 61 percent. The
percentage of the state's population in cities over 25,000
increased from 22.8 to 29.2 percent in the same period. As
a result of this distinct trend, Salina is rapidly reaching
metropolitan area status .... basically, defined, by the
Bureau of the Census, as a city with 50,000 inhabitants or
more. In 1960, Salina ranked 368th of the 680 cities in the
United States wi th populations of 25,000 or more. In 1950,
Salina was 461 st of 484 cities exceeding the 25,000
inhabitants figure. Only 31 cities of the 484 cities listed in
the 1950 ranking grew at a faster rate than Salina, and 23
of those 31 cities were in the States of Arizona, California,
Florida and Texas.
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CITY - COUNTY GROWTH
By Census Year
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55.000
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35.000
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25.000
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15.000
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1900
1910
19Zo
1930
1940
1950
1960
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STATE GROWTH
By Census Year
2
MILLION
1.5
MILLION
MILLION
0.5
MILLION
1900
1910
1920
1930
1940
1950
1960
NATIONAL GROWTH
By Census Year
MILLION
150
MILLION
100
MILLION
50
MILLION
ZOO
1900
1910
1920
1930
1940
1950
19&0
17
Fifty-nine of the eighty cities of Kansas, with populations
of 2,500 or more in 1960, increased in size between the
1950 and 1960 censuses. Salina's population increase of
65 percent was the 16 th highest of these fifty-nine cities.
Other percentage rates of growth include Derby (1394.9)
and Shawnee (973.6), while Fort Scott experienced a decline
of nine percent.
The accompanying graph illustrates the forecasted popula-
tion growth pattern which was selected for use in the
development of this Guide Plan. For comparison purposes,
the past growth trends for Saline County, Kansas Urban,
Kansas, U. S. Urban and the United States have been
included.
POPULATION PROJECTION
1940
1945
1950
1955
1960
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DENSITY .,. Saline County Assessor data was used to
determine the population per block in the City and the
population in the unplatted areas in the planning area. This
information is summarized on the map of "Population
Density". Except for two relatively small areas, none of
the densities exceed 45 persons per net residential acre.
There is no apparent pattern of densities in the ranges of
11 to 25 and 26 to 45 persons per acre. Low densities of 1
to 10 persons per acre are confined to the areas east of the
river. and to those areas at the extreme south where
development is incomplete. Low residential densities are
also found in the Central Business District.
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70,000
60,000
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50,000
40,000
30,000
20,000
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10,000
"t
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1965
1970
1975
1980
1985
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PERSONS PER ACRE
1 - 10
11 - 25
26 - 45
46 - 70
~
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SAUNA :~
~ILSON
CITY PlANNING + fOMPANY
COM MIS SID N PLA~~N~ ~~:~i~SJTS
The density ranges used in this analysis are derived from
standards recommended by the American Public Health
Association Committee on the Hygiene of Housing; standards
which have been widely accepted by the planning profession.
The table "Residential Density Standards" has been
included for reference. These standards are the basis for
many of the features of Sub-Division Regulations and
Zoning Ordinances since the control of population density
is a prime function of such regulatory measures.
RES IDE N T I A L DEN SIT Y S T AN D A R DS
TY PE OF
DWELLING UNIT
The average population density per net residential acre for
the City is 18.8 which is in the middle of the desirable
density range for single - family dwellings. The table of
"Population Densities" indicates the relative position of
Salina with respect to density per gross total area of the
larger cities of Kansas in 1960. It is significant to note
that between 1950 and 1960 the number of persons per acre
in Salina dropped from 8.9 to 8.2, and, per square mile, from
5690 to 5250 This is due, in large measure, to the trends
in land platting which provide larger lots, decrease the
areas dedicated as streets and eliminate the use of alleys.
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PE RSO NS-PER-ACR E
DESIRABLE MAXIMUM
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DESIRABLE MAXIMUM
DENSITY RANGE
PERSONS-PER-ACRE
- .. I
J 1 to 10
~ 5 7 18 25 11 to 25
SINGLE-FAMIL Y
ESTATE TYPE
DETACHED
TWO-FAMIL Y
SEMI-DETACHED
(~1
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OR
DETACHED
THREE-OR FOUR-FAMILY
ATTACHED (ROW)
a.4l........411..
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OR
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S EMI-D ET ACH ED
MULTI-FAMILY APARTMENTS
2"STORY
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3.STORY
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10
36
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43
26 to 45
12
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68
46 to 70
19
25
30
108
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90
71 to 110
40
144
111 to 165
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162
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Salina, as indicated in the tabulation of population densities
of Kansas cities, is the fifth most densely settled city in
the State. The 1960 density of 5,250 persons - per - square
mile is 23 % higher than the average density of the other 14
Kansas cities with populations over 15,000. This density
can be compared with cities such as Union City, New
Jersey, which has 40,000 persons - per - square mile or
Hilo, Hawaii, with a density of less than 90 persons - per-
square mile. Comparisons of this nature can be very
misleading and should not be used without other facts with
respect to each city. For example, the inclusion of airports,
country clubs, recreational areas, and other large tracts of
land within a city's boundaries will decrease the average
density of the city. Some cities have adopted annexation
policies that add relatively undeveloped areas around the
perimeter of the communi ty which will also reduce the
" average" density of population for the city.
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POPULATION DENSITIES
of Kansas C i t ie s
PERSONS PER PERSONS
CITY SQ. MILE (a) PER ACRE
Manhattan 6200 9.7
Junction City 6000 9.4
Emporia 5850 9.1
Prairie Village 5500 8.6
SA LI N A 5250 (b ) 8.2
Wichita 4900 7.7
Overland Pork 4150 6.5
Lawrence 4050 6.3
Pittsburg 3700 5.7
Hutchinson 3450 5.4
Coffeyville 3350 5.2
Topeka 3300 5.2
Kansas City 3000 4.7
Leavenworth 2700 4.2
Great Bend 2650 4.1
AVERAGE 4270 6.7
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(a) areas used in these calculations are gross areas within 7960
city boundaries. (limits) - data from 1960 U. S. census.
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(b) in 7950 the densities for Salina were 5690 per sq. mile or8.9
persons per acre.
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POPULATION CHARACTERISTICS ... The 1960 U. S.
Census of Population disclosed several important findings
which have implications on future planning. The tables
"Selected Population Statistics" and "Comparison of
Population Statistics" reveal a number of important facts.
Salina has a higher than average percentage of persons
under 18 years of age and between the ages of 18 and 64;
and considerably less than average in the 65 years and over
age group. The median age in Salina of 25.3 is more than
4.5 years younger than the State average. The drop of 5.5
years in median age between 1950 and 1960 can be compared
to the drop of 1.2 years in the State, or 1. 7 years in Urban
Kansas. Without doubt, this trend can be attributed to a
great exten t to air base personnel and their wives. To
further point out the "youngness " of the Salina community,
the age group distribution has been illustrated graphically.
One graph distributes the population in numbers of people
per age group and the other in terms of percent of the total
population. A comparison of the Salina grouping with that
of Urban Kansas indicates three significant facts:
1. There is a preponderance of persons in the 20
to 29 age groups.
2. A slightly lower percentage of children in the 5
to 14 age groups, and
3. A considerably higher percentage of children
under 5 years of age.
The first and the third of these facts are closely related and
represent the younger married couples and their families.
The effects of the large number of children under five in
1960 was noticed in the kindergarten and first grade
enrollments as early as 1961.
Social and economic characteristics of the population such
as age and sex composition, distribution and density,
education, housing, marital status, family and household
data, employment, occupation and income are basic to a
comprehensive planning study. Population data is essential
in the determination of the need for and the location of the
various facilities the community must provide. This data
is necessary in planning for homes, stores, schools,
governmental buildings, parks and playgrounds, streets and
pu blic utili ties.
21
PERCENT OF POPULATION BY AGE GROUP
SELECTED POPULATION STATISTICS
1960 U.S. Census
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COMPARISON OF POPULATION STATISTICS
1960 U.S. Census
PERCENT
PERCENTAGE OF POPULATION FERTILITY INCREASE
UNDER 18 18 TO 64 65 & OVER RATIO 1950-1960
SALINA 36.6 55.6 7.9 617 65.0
PARK CITY 51.7 (H) 47.2 (L) 1.1 745 N.A.
LINDSBORG 25.0 (L) 55.0 20.0 354 9.5
HOLTON 28.0 49.6 22.4 (H) 464 11.9
HAYSVILLE 50.8 48.3 1.0 ( L ) 841 (H) N.A.
LAWRENCE 28.4 63.1 (H) 8.5 394 40.7
MISSION H IL LS 32.6 56.7 10.7 236 (L) 184.0
STATE OF KANSAS 35.4 53.6 11.0 515 14.3
15 10
SALINA
URBAN KANSAS
-
AGES
85 - Over
80 - 84
.
. 75 - 79
70 - 74
65 - 69
60 - 64
55 - 59
50 - 54
45 - 49
40 - 44
35 - 39
30 - 34
25 - 29
20 - 24
15 - 19
10 - 14
5 - 9
Under - 5
0
PERCENTAGE
PERCENT
TOTAL INCREASE
POPULATION 19S0 - 1960
SALIN A 43,202 65.0 (a)
SALINE COUNTY 54,715 63.8 (e)
URBAN KANSAS 1,328,141 33.8
RURAL KANSAS 849,870 (-) 6.8 (b)
STATE OF KANSAS 2,178,611 14.3 (c)
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The fertility ratio is an index used by the Bureau of Census
to indicate population growth tendencies of a community.
It is defined as the number of children under 5 years old for
every 1,000 women between the ages of 15 and 49. The
ratio for Salina is over 100 children higher than that for the
State or for Urban Kansas and is the seventh highest in the
State. In 1963 over 25 percent of the population was enrolled
in the parochial and public schools of the city.
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(H) highest in state
( L) lowest in state
(N.A.) not applicable - city not established in 1950
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HOUSEHOLDS PERCENT OF
PERCENT POPULATION
PERCENTAGES IN CREASE AVERAGE IN GROUP MEDIAN AGE FERTILITY
UNDER 1 B 1B TO 64 6S & OVER 19S0-1960 POPULATION QUARTERS 1960 19S0 RATIO(f)
36.6 55.6 7.9 61.5 3.14 (d) 1.9 25.3 30.8 617 (g)
36.2 56.1 7.7 53.8 3.21 4.9 24.9 31. 1 620 (g)
35.6 54.5 9.9 32.6 3.11 2.3 28.8 30.5 514
35.1 52.0 12.8 (- ) 6.3 3.19 4.0 31.8 31.7 515
35.4 53.6 11.0 14.5 3.14 2.9 29.9 31.1 515
(a) U. S. urban population increased 29.3 percent - 16th highest of 87 urban places in Kansas
(b) U. S. rural population decreased 0.9 percent
(c) U. S. total population increased 18.5 percent
(d) highest in state was 4.35 at Park City
lowest in state was 2.61 at Anthony
( e) 2nd highest of 105 counties in Kansas ( Johnson County was 129 percent)
70 counties lost population
( f) number of ch i Idren under 5 years old per 1000 women 15 to 49 years old
(g) seventh highest ratios in state
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POPULATION DISTRIBUTION BY AGE GROUP
Salina Total
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AGES
0 0 1000
OVER 85
80 - 84
75 - 79
70 - 74
65 - 69
60 - 64
55 - 59
50 - 54
45 - 49
40 - 44
35 - 39
30 - 34
25 - 29
20 - 24
15 - 19
10 - 14
5 - 9
UNDER 5
NUMBER OF INHABITANTS
3000
2000
1000
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U. S. Census
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3000
FEMALES
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SA L I N A HOUSING STATISTICS
1960 U. S. Census
TYPE OF STRUCTURE NUMBER PERCENT
SINGLE FAMILY
DETACHED 10,534 73.7
ATTACHED 928 6.5
TWO FAMILY 989 6.9
3 & 4 FAMILY 656 4.6
SORMORE FAMILY 704 4.9
TRAILER 493 3.4
TOTAL 14,304 100.0
HOUSING. . . Facts concerning the many aspects of housing
in a community are valuable in the formulation of a plan for
the future. A wide variety of data is collected by the Bureau
of the Census. The accompanying tables of Salina housing
statistics permit certain comparisons and include items of
information that may be surprising to many citizens; for
example, the numbers of dwellings without heat, without
water, without bathing facilities, or without indoor toilets.
There is a distinct relationship between much of this data
and statistics with respect to housing conditions including
structural considerations. Evaluations of structural condi-
tions are included in the residential land use analysis in
Section 2.
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SELECTED HOUSING STATISTICS
1960 U.S. Census
IN
MEDIAN POPULATION IN ON E STRUCTURES
NUMBER OF PER OWNER RENTER HOUSING UNIT BU IL T
ROOMS HOUSEHOLD OCCUPIED OCCUPIED STRUCTURES 19S0 - 1960
SALIN A 4.7 3.14 60.3 39.7 (b) 83.6 35.5 (c)
HUTCHINSON 4.8 2.97 65.6 34.4 80.4 20.8
URBAN KANSAS 4.8 3.11 67.5 32.5 84.0 29.9
STATE OF KANSAS 5.0 3.14 68.9 31.1 89.0 24.3
HIGHEST KANSAs(a) 5.8 4.35 94.6 52.8 100.0 81.7
CITY PRAIRIE PARK PRAIRIE JUNCTION PRAIRIE PRAIRIE
VILLAGE CITY VILLAGE CITY VIL LAGE VILLAGE
LOWEST KANSAS (a) 4.1 2.61 47.2 5.4 55.7 7.7
CITY JUNCTION ANTHONY JUNCTION PRAIRIE MANHATTAN PITTSBURG
CITY CITY VILLAGE
SOUND WITH
ALL
PLUMBING
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78.7
79.6
71.9
99.4
PRAIRIE
VILLAGE
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A TCH ISON
( a) of all cities of 10,000 or more in the State I
(b) 4th highest percentage in the State (c) 5th highest percentage in the State ( d) 6th highest in the State (e) 4th highest in the State
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I OWNER
MEDIAN VALUE
(DOLLARS)
I 11,900 (d)
9,100
10,400
I 9,300
19,100
PRAIRIE
I VILLAGE
5,600
PARSONS
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SALINA HOUSING STATISTICS
1960 U.S. Census
OCCUPANCY
TOTAL OCCUPIED
1 PERSON PER UNIT
2 PERSONS PER UNIT
3 PERSONS PER UNIT
4 PERSONS PER UNIT
S PERSONS PER UNIT
6 PERSONS PER UN IT
7 PER SO N S PER UN I T
B PERSONS PER UNIT
BATHROOMS
ONE
ONE PLUS PARTIAL
2 OR MORE
RENTER PERCENT OF
MEDIAN HOUSING UNITS
GROSS WITH 1.01 OR
RENTAL MORE PERSONS
(DOLLARS) PER ROOM
79 (e) 10.9
61 8.7
69 9.6
66 9.4
167 16.7
PRAIRIE JUNCTION
VILLAGE CITY
48 2.4
PITTSBURG PRAIRIE
VILLAGE
NONE OR SHARED
BATHING
BATHTUB OR SHOWER
EXCLUSIVE USE
BATHTUB OR SHOWER
SHARED
NONE
SEWAGE DISPOSAL
PUBLIC SEWER
SEPTIC TANK OR CESSPOOL 122
14,019
UN I TS
13,483
1,759
3,982
2,826
2,405
1,453
616
253
189
UN ITS
11,517
853
674
1,260
UNITS
13,146
848
310
UN ITS
OTHER OR NONE 163
WATER UNITS
HOT & COLD WATER INSIDE 13,931
COLD WATER ONLY INSIDE 260
PIPED WATER OUTSIDE 25
NO PIPED WATER 88
SOURCE OF WA TER
CITY WATER
INDIVIDUAL WELLS
OTHER SOURCES
UNITS
14,099
112
93
TOILET UNITS
FLUSH / EXCLUSIVE 13,228
FLUSH SHARED W/OTHERS 848
OTHER OR NONE 228
SIZE
1-ROOM
2 - ROOM
3-ROOM
4 - ROOM
5 - ROOM
6-ROOM
7 - ROOM
B - ROOM OR MORE
TOTAL
HEATING EQUIPMENT
STEAM OR HOT WATER
WARM AIR FURNACE
F LOOR-WA L L-PIP EL ESS
BUILT-IN ELECTRIC
OTHER MEANS W/FLUES
WITHOUT FLUES
NONE
WHEN BUILT
19S5-1960
1950 - 1954
'940 - 1949
PREVIOUS TO 1939
UNITS
445
712
1,683
3,618
4,558
1,887
836
565
14,304
UNITS
571
8,040
3,653
19
1,863
127
31
UN ITS
2,924
2,147
1,684
7,549
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SECTION
:2
THE GENERAL DEVELOPMENT PLAN
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~;, ;/ '""t~.i,;.;,<,'i/:;:':"~~'" ,~~ ':"}M:>";:-:,.,',:~"j::~',"" '
2
THE GENERAL DEVELOPMENT PLAN
The General Development Plan for the Salina community is
composed of three major elements. These three elements,
in the form of maps, data and text, provide the framework
and goals toward which the growth and development of the
community should be guided. Hopefully the Plan expresses
aspirations for the future acceptable to the people of Salina
and its environs. The Plan is a statement of policy and a
generalized picture of the physical form envisioned in the
year 1985.
Two of the three major elements, Land Use and Community
Facilities, are considered in this planning report. The
third, the Transportation Study, is a companion study. No
one element can be studied, or plans formulated, without
con~ideration of the other elements. Together they form a
master plan in which the basic uses of land are arranged to
complement each other; in which new and old districts or
neighborhoods are adequately served by community facili-
ties; and in which all areas are served by a safe and
efficient system of major thoroughfares and collector streets.
LAND USE ELEMENT
Land Use concerns the types of development on each lot
and parcel of ground within the planning area. Inventories
of existing land uses, as well as projections of future land
uses, involve kinds-of-use as well as the intensities of
those uses. An inventory and analysis of existing land use
is basic to projecting future land use, to planning of
community facilities, and to the planning of a transportation
system. The inventory of present development should be
sufficiently detailed for all related planning purposes. The
Land Use inventory, when mapped and analyzed, provides
a new perspective; calling attention to the difficulties and
challenges and to the assets and potentials of the
community. A new perspective, based on a collection of
facts, is necessary since we often become so accustomed
to the things we see around us that important problems are
overlooked and the gradual changes that are taking place
go unnoticed.
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PLANNING AREA ... Prior to the collection of existing
land use data, it is necessary to determine the area to be
considered in the Plan and the detail and variety of data
that will be assem bled. The planning area is defined as
all areas adjacent to Salina in which developments may be
reasonably expected to occur during the planning period
which extends to 1985. The State Statutes of Kansas
provide cities with authority to approve or disapprove
platting of land within a distance of three miles from their
borders. Since planning problems do not stop at corporate
limits, it is common practice in city planning to include an
area extending three miles out from the city limits in all
directions. The planning area selected by the Planning
Commission extends from a mile and a half north of the
81-70 interchange on the north to approximately one - half
mile south of Mentor on the south. The area is bounded by
SAFB to the southwest and extends approximately one mile
west of the 35W -70 interchange. The eastern limits are
approximately two miles east of the municipal airport. The
area totals nearly 60 square miles. In determining the
borders of the planning area, consideration was given to
natural and man - made deterrents to expansion such as the
flood levee system, lands subject to periodic flooding, and
to properties not under municipal jurisdiction such as
Schilling Air Force Base lands.
The reasonableness of the planning area may be questioned,
however, a development, improvement or change in land use
wi thin three miles of a city effects the city almos t
immediately and sooner or later all of its problems will be
inheri ted by the city.
DATA COLLECTION... The varlOUS uses of land were
divided into eight major categories or types of uses and
each of these major classifications was further divided into
more detailed descriptions. The system of coding used is
based on a manual of classification developed by an
advisory committee of the Detroit Metropolitan Area
Regional Planning Commission for the Public Administration
Service, modified and simplified to fit the needs of the
Salina plan nin g pro gram.
30
The eight basic categories are:
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Residential
Commercial
Personal, Business and Professional Services
Public and Quasi - Public Services
Manufacturin g
Extractive and Industrial Non - manufacturing
Transportation, Communications and Utilities
Unused Space
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As an example of the subdivision of these major classifica-
tions, the Residential category was broken down as follows:
Single - family dwellings
Two - family dwellings
Three - and four - family dwellings
Five - to eight - family dwellings
Nine - or more - family dwellings
Boarding and rooming houses
Mobile homes
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Land uses in the Central Business District (CBD) were
recorded in more detail than other areas of the city;
Commercial, and Personal, Business and Professional
Service categories were listed under 23 subclassifications.
In the CBD the type of use on the upper floors of buildings
was determined in addition to the primary first floor use.
Land use data was collected by survey teams who recorded
their findings, on a series of maps each representing
one - quarter of a square mile. The structural condition of
residential buildings was noted as well as occupancy
information. Vacant land was rated as usable, marginal or
unusable. Upon completion of the field work the data was
transferred to a set of quarter section maps, scale 1- inch
to 200 feet, which make up a bound, two - volume land use
atlas. Each land use classification is represented by a
color and the materials selected make it possible for the
City Planning Office to maintain an up - to - date and
permanent record of land use. Land use data for the areas
around the perimeter of the City was mapped on a large
(1 inch to 1,000 feet) map of the planning area. Land use
in the Central Business District was indicated on an
enlarged map of the district which was prepared at a scale
of 1 inch to 100 feet. These larger maps were also color
coded and so prepared that the work of keeping them
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up - to - date is minimized. The efforts of the survey teams
were office - checked as well as field - checked by
supervisory personnel. The data was then summarized by
area, in acres, for each land use classification and for
streets and alleys.
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GENERALIZED LAND USE ... Three illustrations of
existing land use were prepared for inclusion in this
planning document and in the Transportation Study:
Salina Proper
Planning Area
Central Business District
In using them for reference purposes it should be remembered
that they indicate general patterns of use; a generalization
necessary because of size and reproduction problems.
They are, however, of much value in that generalization is
necessary in many of the analysis and projection processes.
A brief review of each of these three illustrations follows:
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SALINA PROPER. .. The land use map of the City is, in
many ways, typical. Multi - family residential uses are
confined almost exclusively to the areas immediately
adjacent to the CBD. This is a pattern most frequently
recommended in the establishment of zoning ordinances.
There is an increasing trend of allowing multi - family
dwelling developments, especially planned apartment
complexes, in lower density single - and two - family
dwelling districts. When properly located, with adequate
open areas provided, and when the population densities of
the area are not exceeded, well designed apartment
complexes can be an asset to a neighborhood. It should be
noted that there is also an increasin g trend toward
"apartment -living" throughout the nation. The Salina
community should recognize these trends in multi - family
dwellings. The establishment of a Planned - Apartment
District in the Zoning Ordinance is suggested as a
reasonable control for this type of dwelling construction.
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Residential developments toward the south in the past few
years have by-passed large areas. While these actions have
been defended by the developers, leap-frog development
has caused the elongation of the City and created community
development problems. These problems include providing
water and sanitary sewer services, increased demands on
the police, street and sani tation departmen ts, and fostered
the need for a fire station to serve the southern part of the
City. The undeveloped areas between Ohio Street and the
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flood control levee, from Crawford to Magnolia, the large
area immediately south of South Junior High School, and
the large area east of the Key Acres Addition should be
substantially developed before further extensions to the
south are permitted. When extensions to the south are
warranted, the by-passing of usable areas should be
discouraged.
Commercial land uses, outside the Central Business
District, and those of closely related personal, business
and professional services are, for the most part, strip
developments along Broadway, Pacific Street and Crawford
Avenue. In addition, there are commercial developments at
Ninth and Cloud and on East Iron Avenue. The problems
inherent to strip developments along major thoroughfares
are apparent and recognized by all; especially where access
to these thoroughfares is not controlled. The location of
future commercial developments should be rigidly controlled
in the interest of the whole community. Outlying shopping
centers should' be spaced properly, supported by an
adequately sized neighborhood, and so located to be easily
accessible to its patrons without adverse effects to the
flow of traffic. Strip-type developments along Ohio Street,
or extensions of the existing strip developments on Crawford
Avenue, should not be permitted.
Extracti ve and industrial non-manufacturing uses, such as
petroleum product storage and contractors yards, manufac-
turing, transportation, utility and related industrial- type
uses are quite naturally concentrated in the vicinity of
railroad yards. This is both logical and desirable.
Generally, they are buffered from higher - class uses by
retail and wholesale commercial activities.
The land uses devoted to Public and Quasi-Public purposes
do not form any particular pattern except possibly for those
areas on which grade schools have been erected. The
number and the sizes of the areas which have been
developed for Public and Quasi-Public purposes indicates
the prominence and importance of this type of land use.
This eventuality must be given full consideration in
forecasting the future land requirements for a growing
community. The spacing of areas presently reserved and
developed for parks emphasizes the urgent need for parks
to serve southeastern Salina, northwestern Salina, and, in
the near future, the need for a park to serve the area east
of the ri ver.
31
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USEE.
GENERALIZED LAND USES
RESIDENTIAL
ONE & TWO FAMILY .
MULTI-FAMILY .
RETAIL
WHOLESALE .
SERVICES
EXTRACTIVE
INDUSTRIAL NON-MFG.
MANUFACTURING .
TRANSPORTATION
COMMUNICATIONS .
UTILITIES
PUBLIC
QUASI-PUBLIC
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PARKS
SAll N A
CITY PlANNING
COMMISSION
.-.
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4000 FEET
11LSON
COMPANY
ENGIN EERS
ARC H ITECTS t
PLANNING CONSULTANTS
I.
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The following table summanzes 1963 land use in terms of
percenta ges.
I
LAND USE SUMMARY 1963
I
SINGLE - FAMILY
TWO-FAMILY
I
MULTI- FAMILY
MOBILE HOMES
I
RESIDENTIAL
COMMERCIAL
INDUSTRIAL
I
PUBLIC & QUASI - PUBLIC
STREETS & ALLEYS
NON - RESIDENTIAL
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TOTAL DEVELOPED LAND
USABLE VACANT
I
NON - USABLE; VACANT
TOTAL VACANT LAND
TOTAL AREA
I
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PERCENT OF
TOTAL
R ESI DENTIAL
LAND
PERCENT OF
TOTAL
DEVELOPED
LAND
PERCENT OF
TOTAL
AREA
21.6
1.8
0.6
0.7
24.7
3.0
5.8
9.3
19.0
ill
61.8
33.9
4.3
38.2
100.0
87.4
7.4
2.2
3.0
100.0
34.9
2.9
0.9
1.2
39.9
5.0
9.4
15.0
30.7
60.1
100.0
EXISTING LAND USE-1963
Percentages of Occupied Area within City Limits
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RESIDENTIAL 39.9%
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Q<~
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1,/< r
,]if.9
%
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STREETS & ALLEYS 30.7%
I
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9.4%
The "Land Use Comparisons" table compares land use in
Salina to that found in a number of other cities. The
averaged statistics for other cities were derived from
surveys reported by Harland Bartholomew and Associates
and published in their "Land Uses in American Cities".
With but two exceptions, Salina compares quite favorably in
the major categories of land use. Salina is more predomi-
nantly single - family; has a lesser amount of land devoted
to public and quasi-public purposes; and has an average
percentage of its area devoted to streets and alleys. The
table of comparisons indicates that Salina has considerably
more land in commercial use than the average and that there
is a .decided shortage of area set aside for park and
recreational purposes.
LAND USE COMPARISONS
In Percent of Total Developed Land
SALINA AVERAGE AVERAGE AVERAGE
FOR 28 FOR 13 FOR S3
CITIES (0) CITIES (b) CENTRAL
CITI ES
SINGLE - FAMILY 34.9
TWO - FA MIL Y 2.9
MULTI-FAMILY 0.9
MOBILE HOMES (e) 1.2
RESIDENTIAL 39.9
COMMERCIAL 5.0
INDUSTRIAL 9.4
PARKS 4.6
PU BLlC & QU ASI-PU BL IC 10.4
STREETS & ALLEYS 30.7
TOTALS 100.0
34.0
31.8
31.0
3.8
4.1
4.8
1.7
2.1
3.0
39.5 37.2 39.6
3.1 2.6 3.3
10.7 9.6 11.3
5.1 6.5 6.7
13.3 10.8 10.9
28.3 33.3 28.2
100.0 100.0 100.0
( a) Populations under 50,000
(b) Population - 50,000 to 100,000
(c) Mobile Homes are included in the multi-family classification in the
averages for other cities, because the density of persons - per - acre
of a mobile home park approximates the density of multi - family
dwelling areas.
33
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GENERALIZED LAND USES
RESIDENTIAL
COMMERCIAL
EXTRACTIVE
INDUSTRIAL NON-MFG. .
MANUFACTURING
TRANSPORTATION
COMMUNICATIONS .
UTILITIES
PUBLIC & QUASI-PUBLIC .
FLOOD PLAI N
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COMMISSION
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PLANN ING CONSUL T ANTS
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Residential land use accounts for 39.9 percent of the
developed area which is average for communities in the
same general population range. Nearly 88 percent of the
residential land is devoted to single - family purposes as
compared to averages of 80 and 86 percent in the compari-
sons in the following table.
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RESIDENTIAL LAND USE COMPARISON
In Percent of Total Residential Land
I
AVERAGE FOR AVERAGE FOR
TYPE OF DWELLING 53 CITIES 33 CITIES SALINA
I
SINGLE - FAMILY 80.29 86.19 87.4
TwO-FAMILY 12.11 7.88 7.4
MULTI-FAMILY 7.60 5.93 22
MOBILE HOMES - 3.0
-
100.00 100.00 100.0
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The key to the amount of land required for commercial and
service activities lies in an economic analysis of the
community. Since Salina is a recognized retail, wholesale
and service trade center it is understandable that a larger-
than - average percentage of land would be devoted to these
purposes. There are, however, other factors and conditions
to consider in this particular evaluation. The area used for
commercial purposes in the City includes a considerable
percenta ge of land which is zoned for other uses. Because
of so - called "pyramidal" type of zoning, business
developments are permissable in the ligh t and heavy
industrial zonin g dis tricts. In addi tion there are those
commercial uses which are actually non - conforming uses
in residential districts. A direct comparison ofland actually
used for commercial and service purposes, wi thin areas
presently zoned for commercial and service type uses,
indicates that approximately one-half of the commercially
zoned area is available for new commercial or new service
type uses. This" over - zoning" is caused by a number of
factors, among them: speculation, poor locations and
shifting areas of influence. Whatever the cause, vacant
commercially - zoned land has a detrimental effect upon
exis ting or potential residential developments in the areas
adjacent to it. A concerted effort should be made to return
much of the vacant commercial land to more restrictive type
zoning districts. Speculative rezoning to commercial uses,
assuming an acceptable location, should be made only when
actual development can be reasonably assured. If develop-
ments do not materialize within a reasonable period of time,
these new areas should be returned to an appropriate
residen tial zoning dis trict status.
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On the basis of population, as well as a result of comparison
with other cities. there is a decided shortage of lands devoted to
park purposes in Salina, a most important type of land use.
This particular planning consideration is the subject of
more detailed analysis in the section of the Plan devoted to
Community Facilities. It should be pointed out that the
total. area of parks serving communities should not be
directly compared wi thout consideration to location.
Assuming a park area shortage of 50 acres for a community,
a new area of 100 acres would not relieve the shortage, if
located at the opposite side of the community from the
residential area the new park was intended to serve. An
extension of Thomas Park, for example, would not alleviate
the need for park land to serve south and southeastern
Salina.
The basic nature of a city determines the amount of land
used for industrial purposes and, forthat reason, comparisons
of this land use classification do little more than indicate
the 'relative importance of industry to the economy of the
community.
PLANNING AREA '" The map of land uses in the areas
adjacent to the City illustrates the types and extent of
existing developments but, most importantly, it shows the
man-made and natural deterents to expansion. The effects
of the Air Base, the flood plains, the Interstate Highway
System, the levee system, and the controlled channel of the
Smoky Hill River upon the potential growth of the community
are immediately apparent. The spotty areas of residential
land use inqicate the farm - type dwellings as well as the
strip - type residential developments along section -line
roads. Strip - type land use should be controlled for a
number of very important reasons. Valuable land behind
these structures is often land -locked with respect to future
street access, economical and acceptable subdivision of
the areas is difficult if not impossible to attain, and properly
lpcated and sized utility easements cannot be established
without unnecessary expense. These section -line roads
are the most logical extensions of the municipal major
thoroughfare system and rights - of - way of the proper and
uniform width are vital to such a street system. The
procurement of adequate rights - of - way through strip
developments is costly and, in many instances, prohibitive.
Eventually the land owners and the whole community lose
money.
35
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GENERALIZED
RESIDENTIAL
.
MANUF ACTURING
ONE & TWO FAMILY .
MULTI-FAMILY .
TRAN SPORT A TI ON
COMMUN ICATIONS
UTILITIES
.
COMMERCIAL
PUBLIC
RETAIL .
WHOLESALE .
SERVICES .
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QUASI-PUBLIC
PARKING
PU BLlC
EXTRACTIVE
INDUSTRIAL NON-MFG.
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PRIVATE
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CENTRAL BUSINESS DISTRICT . . . The two - page map of
existing land use in the CBD is a generalized version of
the large detailed map prepared for use in the study of the
core area of the city. It illustrates the extent of commercial
and service - type land uses, the large amount of area
devoted to public and quasi-public purposes in close
proximity to the CBD, and the abutting industrial- type
uses to the north and east. The availability of public
off - street parking, as well as those areas presently used
for private parking purposes is delineated. This represent-
ation and the voluminous data with respect to types of
business acti vi ties, employment, on - and off - street
parking, and traffic volumes are of particular importance in
the analysis of the CBD, its assets, its problems, and its
future.
SAliNA ~ 400 FEET
CITY PlANNING
COMMISSION
11 LS 0 N
COM PANY
ENGINEERS
ARC H,TECTS t
PLANNING CONSULTANTS
37
ZONING
The present Salina Zoning Ordinance permits single-
family dwellings in any district. The" GENERALIZED
ZONING MAP", and its legend, illustrate existing zoning
districts and pyramidal zoning. When comparing this map
with the "Salina Proper" land use map of the City the
effect of pyramidal zoning is evident. The residential area
in the middle of the industrial zone between Fourth and
Chester and north of North Street is one example of a
condition which results in deterioration and blight. (See
" Structural Condition" map). Equally important, industrial
developments should be "protected" from the effects of
residential developments. A second example of pyramidal
zoning is the extensive commercial development on
Broadway, north of Crawford, which is an industrial zone.
The Saline County Planning Commission has adopted a
system of zoning districts quite similar to those in effect
in the City. The County districts include two classes of
use which are not in the City ordinance. One," Restricted
Industrial" has been employed to help control development
in the new industrial area south of the City. The second,
and most restrictive, is the" Agricultural District" which
prohibits all development except use of the land for
agricultural purposes. This is a vital district since it is
used to restrict development in airport clear zones and
similar areas in which development should not be allowed.
Areas adjacent to the City limits have been zoned by the
County in conformance with the desirable land use pattern
for the community, except for certain industrial strip zoning
along railroad trackage. This exception is expected to be
eliminated by an early amendment to County zoning, an
excellent example of the cooperative relationship that
exists between the County and City Planning Commissions.
38
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STRUCTURAL CONDITION
I
In addition to the land - use data, the land use inventory
teams made a visual evaluation of the physical condition of
all residential structures. The structural condition of
every residential building was rated by assigning a code
number based on the following criteria:
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NEW - Less than five years old and in apparently
excellent structural condition.
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SOUND - Defined as a structure which has no
defects, or only slight defects which are normally
corrected during the course of regular maintenance.
DETERIORATING - A structure needing more
repair than would be provided in the course of
regular maintenance. It has one or more defects of
an intermediate nature that must be corrected if the
unit is to continue to provide safe and adequate
shelter.
I
DILAPIDA TED - A structure that does not provide
safe and adequate shelter. It has one or more
critical defects; or has a combination of intermediate
defects in sufficient number to require extensive
repair or rebuilding; or is of inadequate original
construction. Critical defects result from continued
neglect or indicate serious damage to the structure.
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SA II N A
CITY PlANNING
COMMISSION
.-..
~N""""""'"
4000 FEET
11LSON
COMPANY
ENGIN EERS
ARCHITECTS t
PLANNING CONSUL TANTS
CITY '* PERCENT TOT AL NOT
DETERIORATING DILAPIDATED SOUND
SA LI N A HOUSING CONDITIONS PRAIRIE VIL LAGE 0.5 0.5
1960 U. S. Census
JUNCTION CITY 7.7 2.8 10.5
0<?-00 0<?-O ~'" 10.5 3.5
~ <?' '" ,0 ~'" MANHATTAN 14.0
o~ 0 0~ 0<? v 00
0~ "'~
00 <?-00 -l'?' ",0 0<?- LAWRENCE 11.4 3.0 14.4
0 0 <?
TOT AL UNITS 8,126 5,357 821 14,304 100% WICHITA 12.5 3.0 15.5
EMPORIA 14.7 1.5 16.2
SOUND 7,179 3,636 548 11,363 79.4 HUTCHINSON 13.5 3.5 17.0
- - - -
WITH ALL PLUMBING 7,062 3,353 485 10,900 GREAT BEND 15.3 2.2 17.5
LACKING SOME OR TOPEKA 13.4 4.5 17.9
ALL PLUMBING 117 283 63 463 SA LI N A 15.7 4.9 20.6
co F FEYVILLE 17.4 5.8 23.2
DETERIORATING 766 L12.l 186 2,243 15.7 PITTSBURG 19.4 3.8 23.2
- - -
WITH ALL PLUMBING 670 976 129 1,775 ARKANSAS CITY 20.5 3.2 23.7
LACKING SOME OR KANSAS CITY. KANSAS 18.4 5.7 24.1
ALL PLUMBING 96 315 57 468 LEAVENWORTH 16.4 8.0 24.4
PARSONS 19.8 6.9 26.7
DILAPIDATED 181 430 87 698 4.9 NEWTON 19.4 7.5 26.9
- - - -
'* 0/1 cities with over 5,000 housing units are listed
40
Using this mapped data, and by assigning a system of,
numerical weights to each of the categories, a weighted
average condition for each block within the City was
calculated which was representative of the structural
condi tion of the block as a whole. This information was
then plotted on the Structural Condition map which indicates
those areas within the City that rated either as deteriorating
or as blighted on the basis of the survey.
It should be noted that there are new structures in excellent
condition within areas indicated to be either deteriorating
or blighted, and that there are buildings in relatively poor
condition within areas that rated in good condition. The
purpose of the survey and map was to indicate the areas in
which condition problems either already exist or in which
condition problems are likely to arise in the next few years.
As areas deteriorate they become less attractive as places
of residence and, unless arresting action of some nature is
taken, the area can become one of serious blight. A
similar survey, which is considerably more detailed, is
made as a part of Federal Census procedures. A few of
the more significant items in the Federal survey have been
included for comparison purposes. In direct comparison,
the 1960 Census information indicated that 79.4 % of the
Salina dwelling units were in sound condition, 15.7% were
deteriorating, and 4.9 % were rated as dilapidated.
This condition report and map are not intended to indicate
that a program of urban renewal is an urgent necessity.
However, there are a few rather large areas which are in
urgent need of rehabilitation and conservation to forestall
blight. Unfortunately, this same general condition exists
in all cities that have reached an age of over 100 years.
Deterioration is almost inevitable, and is even more
understandable, when it is noted that nearly fifty-three
percent of the residential structures in Salina are over 25
years old. Contributing factors and conditions that lead to
deterioration include the make - shift conversions of older
single - family residences into multi - family dwellings and
rooming houses, poor initial construction, and adjacent
incompatible land - uses. Rental units are not normally
maintained as well as owner -occupied dwellings. It
should be noted that 39.7 % of the Salina dwelling units are
rented units, which is the fourth highest percentage in the
State.
COMPARISON OF
State of Kansas
HOUSING CONDITIONS
1960 U.S. Census
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\.\ -\~<_,.:><\\, ',~~::" .>i,.!.._..,,~
'''1JS'~
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"''-':',>':
\ ......-_..-<-"-~.....,,..
""/~;:_'l~,,_,~
".~,,~/
1,IOrv
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~'=~I~l~_
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~....,"',...' II
~"I II
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DETERIORATING AREAS
BLIGHTED AREAS .
~All N A
CIlY PlANNING
COM M 18810 N
.-.
~N""""""'"
4000 FEET
f;'LSON
COMPANY
ENGIN EERS
ARC HITECTS t
PLANNING CONSUL TANTS
NEIGHBORHOOD LAND USE ANALYSIS - 1963
In Acres
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RESIDENTIAL LAND
POPU LA T ION
PERSONS PER I
DWELLING
UN IT <
PERSONS
PER
NET ACRE
OCCUPIED
DWELLING
UNITS
NO
NEIGHBORHOOD
NAME
SINGLE TWO MULTI MOBILE TOTAL
FAMILY FAMILY FAMILY HOMES RESIDENTIAL POPULATION
1 HAWTHORNE
148.5
68.5
178.5
2 PHILLIPS
3 OAKDALE
4 WHITTIER
91.5
66.0
74.5
5 BARTLETT
6 G LEN I.F FER H ILL
7 MEADOW LARK
143.0
103.0
182.0
8 SOUTH PARK
9 SUNSET
10 FRANKLIN & LOWELL
257.0
215.0
150.0
11 HUESNER
12 HAGEMAN
13 KENNEDY
43.0
138.0
46.5
14 STEWART
15 KEY ACRES
11.0 2.5 15.0
18.5 9.5 0.5
20.5 6.5 6.0
23.5 5.5
21.0 10.0
7.0 1.5
21.5
0.5
15.5
14.5
6.0
1.5
0.5
TOTALS
1905.0 161.5
48.5
NEIGHBORHOODS - 1963
In essence, a community consists of a number of residential
areas, sectors, or neighborhoods. Two or more of these
neighborhoods form a district. Two or more districts form
a city or a metropolitan area. The neighborhood is therefore
a unit which is basic to comprehensive planning. It is at
the neighborhood level where planning exercises its greatest
influence on the life of the average individual. The
definition of a neighborhood is as complex as many
neighborhoods. Neighborhoods vary in size, composition,
population, environment, economic level, quality, age, and
42
6.0
17.0
3.5
2.5
1.0
22.0
4.5
1.0
66.0
177.0 4,170 23.6 1,208 3.45
97.0 2,770 28.6 912 3.04
111.5 3,480 16.5 1,194 2.91
120.5 3,020 25.1 982 3.08
97.0 2,760 28.5 947 2.91
83.0 1,440 17.3 433 3.33
143.0 830 5.8 288 2.88
147.5 2,480 16.8 826 3.00
182.5 2,800 15.3 844 3.32
276.0 5,340 19.3 1,869 2.86
232.0 4,500 19.4 1,357 3.32
179.0 3,180 17.8 893 3.56
47.5 800 16.8 198 4.04
139.5 2,540 18.2 674 3.77
48.0 820 17.1 205 4.00
2181.0 40,930 (Av) 18.8 12,830 (Av) 3.19
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m many other concepts. A widely accepted definition
views a neighborhood as corresponding quite closely to the
area served by an elementary school which is a logical
focal point. Desirably the neighborhood should not be
bisected by a major thoroughfare; it is bounded by major
streets or similar barriers, it should include a park and
adequate playgrounds, it should be convenient to everyday
shopping, complemented by churches, and relatively
convenien t to employment areas by public and private
transportation means.
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NON - RESIDENTIAL LAND
SUMMARY
DEVELOPED
AREA
USABLE UNUSABLE TOTAL
VACANT VACANT AREA
PU BLIC STREETS TOT AL
COMMERCIAL INDUSTRIAL QUASI-PUBLIC ALLEYS NON-RESIDENTIAL
NEIGHBORHOOD
NAME NO.
I
1509
385
1131
766.0
25.0
291.0
28.5
9.5
145.0
62.0 227.0 537.5 714.5
21.0 114.0 253.5 350.5
126.0 149.0 483.5 695.0
11.5 89.0 J 39.0 259.5
21.0 81.5 J 38.0 235.0
85.5 71.5 177.5 260.5
241.5 90.5 333.5 476.5
22.0 82.0 J 36.0 283.5
J1.0 103.0 1 J8.5 301.0
27.5 J46.0 J99.0 475.0
62.0 J30.0 J95.5 427.5
56.5 99.0 J88.0 367.0
7.0 55.0 62.0 109.5
43.5 J05.0 J53.5 293.0
22.5 133.5 166.0 214.0
820.5 1676.0 3281.0 5462.0
HAWTHORNE 1
168.0
80.0
197.5
10.5
8.0
8.0
80.5
38.5
11.0
28.0
27.5
J2.5
PHILLIPS 2
I
OAKDALE 3
126.0
2.5
222.0
1.5
3.5
61.5
387
241
544
WHITTIER 4
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BARTLETT S
GLENIFFER HILL 6
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486.0
23.5
80.5
J 01.5
8.0
6.5
1064
315
388
0.5
25.0
4.5
1.0
7.0
MEADOW LARK 7
SOUTH PARK B
SUNSET 9
I
J2.0
J2.5
J7.5
487
448
388
11.5
1.5
25.0
14.0
2.0
7.5
FRANKLIN 8< LOWELL 10
8.0
3.5
HUESNER 11
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HAGEMAN 12
J54.5
249.0
531.0
264
542
745
KENNEDY 13
I
0.5
3.0
4.5
7.0
STEWART 14
KEY ACRES 15
I
515.0
2999.0
269.5
377 .0
8838
TOTALS
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From this table it is evident that the Phillips and Bartlett
neighborhoods are the most densely populated with nearly
five times the number of persons per net residential acre
than the Meadow Lark neighborhood. The Franklin - Lowell
neighborhood has the largest population and the Kennedy
neighborhood the most persons per dwelling unit. Neighbor-
hood population statistics are illustrated on the" Population
Density" map in Section 1. The relationshi ps of residential
land use to non - residential use can be determined as well
as the availability of usable vacant land in each neighbor-
hood. These and other neighborhood characteristics,
which can generally be expected to continue, are used
as a basis to forecast future developments.
I
The analysis of existing land use in the Salina community
and the projected land use requirements, have been made
on a neighborhood basis. The accompanying table,
"Neighborhood Land Use Analysis - 1963" summarizes
land use data on the basis of 15 neighborhoods. The
boundaries of these neighborhoods are generally those
used in 1963 for the elementary schools of the City. City
boundaries do not necessarily define a neighborhood; for
this reason a number of neighborhoods include county
territory.
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43
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NEIGHBORHOOD LAND USE PROJECTIONS
The population of the Salina community has been forecasted
to reach a total of 72,000 in the year 1985. This is an
increase of 30,650, or approximately 15,000 in each of the
next two decades. These new residents will require places
in which to live served by an efficient system of major
thoroughfares, adequate and convenient shopping facilities,
and the normal complement of public and quasi-public
facilities such as schools, parks, churches and public
utilities. The patterns of land usage, availability of vacant
land, and potentials of the community have been determined
in the land - use analysis of established neighborhoods.
Forecasts of future space requirements and of future land
use patterns must be preceded by a determination of how
much of the increase in population will find homes within
the existing established neighborhoods. The second step
is the determination of what new areas are likely to develop
and, most importantly, which new areas are the most
desirable with respect to the community as a whole. The
new residential areas should be as convenient as possible
and practicable to the CBD, governmental and civic center,
and similar "community - wide" facilities. Compactness
of the city is highly desirable. A circular community, with
the core area or CBD at its center, would be highly efficient
in most respects. Squareness is therefore a shape that
should be encouraged. The growth of Salina in recent years
has elongated the City in a north - south direction, a
condi tion which has accelerated municipal service problems.
It is recommended that this trend be retarded in the next
two decades until vacant land in the southern areas of the
City are filled, and that developments to the east, across
the river, be encouraged. The" Neighborhood Development
Map" illustrates the areas in which new growth is recom-
mended. The map shows the existing 15 neighborhoods and
eight new neighborhoods and the network of major thorough-
fares that would serve them.
Four of the proposed neighborhoods are west of the river
and four are east of the river. Each of the new neighborhoods
will require an elementary school. Junior and senior high
schools will be necessary. Actual growth will determine
44
I
where these secondary schools will be located and which
will be needed earliest. It is, however, quite likely that
both a junior and a senior high school should be anticipated
in either neighborhood S - 3 or S - 4, and a junior high school
in either neighborhood E - 2 or E - 3. These new neighbor-
hoods will need parks and shopping facilities within
convenient distances. The importance of maintaining
high standards within our neighborhoods cannot be over-
emphasized. This can only be accomplished by providing
these necessary amenities, each properly located and
designed to meet the objectives of the Guide Plan. Another,
and equally important media for up - grading and maintaining
neighborhoods is through the formation of Neighborhood
Improvement Associations to promote pride of ownership
through high maintenance standards.
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The table of "Neighborhood Land Use Projections -1985 "
recaps the change and growth patterns en visioned to occur
in the planning period. It suggests that approximately 47
percent of the anticipated residential growth will occur
within the existing 15 neighborhoods; that 25 percent will
be in the four new neighborhoods east of the river; and that
28 percent will take place in the four new neighborhoods
wes t of the river. This total growth is summarized in the
ta ble, "Land Use Summary - 1985 " , which can be com pared
with the similar summary of land use as of 1963.
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LAND USE SUMMARY 1985
I
PERCENT OF PERCENT OF PERCENT OF
TOTAL TOTAL TOTAL
RESIDENTIAL DEVELOPED AREA
LAND LAND
SINGLE - FAMILY 87.0 33.6 23.7
TWO-FAMILY 7.0 2.7 1.9
MULTI- FAMILY 3.0 1.2 0.8
MOBILE HOMES 3.0 1.2 0.8
RESIDENTIAL 100.0 38.7 27.2
COMMERCIAL 4.9 3.5
INDUSTRIAL 14.1 9.9
PUBLIC & QUASI- PUBLIC 16.0 11.2
STREETS & ALLEYS 26.3 17.5
NON - RESIDENTIAL B.l 43.1
TOTAL DEVELOPED LAND 100.0 70.3
USABLE VACANT 24.1
NON - USABLE VACANT 6.6
TOTAL VACANT LAND 30.7
TOTAL AREA 100.0
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Existing
Proposed
NEIGHBORHOOD BOUNDARIES
MAJOR THOROUGHFARES
SCHOOLS
Elementary
e
.
Junior High
"
6
Senior High
-'
e
Rural
PARKS
~j~t;~~l 1~~1;f
MAJOR NON - RESIDENTIAL AREAS
fa
FLOOD PLAIN
CONTROLLED FLOOD WAY
1964 CITY LIMITS
SAlI N A
.-.
~N""""""'"
6000 FEET
CITY PlANNING
COMMISSION
f;'LSON
COMPANY
ENGINEERS
ARC HITECTS t
PLANNING CONSULTANTS
NEIGHBORHOOD
Growth in Acres
O'
~
~~
~.,.
LAND USE PROJECTIONS - 1985
RESIDENTIAL
~(:)
....'
,"
~+
177.0
....~
o~ .....,.v
(:)<?' ....0
23.0 200.0
2
HAWTHORNE
PHILLIPS**
97.0 - 12.0
211.5 8.5
85.0
220.0
3
OAK DALE
120.5 4.5
97.0 - 17.0
83.0 67.0
125.0
80.0
150.0
4
WHITTIER
143.0 107.0 250.0
***
2.5
2.5
150.0
185.0
S
BARTLETT
147.5
182.5
10 FRANKLIN Be LOWELL 276.0
6
GLENIFFER HILL
11 HUESNER 232.0
179.0
3.0 279.0
2.0 234.0
11.0 190.0
46
7 MEADOW LARK
B
SOUTH PARK
47.5 102.5 150.0
139.5 130.5 270.0
48.0 337.0 385.0
2,181.0 772.0 2,953.0
20.0 250.0 270.0
40.0 190.0 230.0
3.0
2.0
77.0 80.0
38.0 40.0
4,170
2,770
3,480
3,020
2,760
1,440
2,480
2,800
5,340
4,500
3,180
POPU LA TION
.... ,,~
~~ ~.,.
~" (f
<<<?' ,~
~
~""0<?'
~.,.
<<~\.,.v COM MER C I A L
",{ (:)
v o~O~ ,~....~.,.v
.....,. <?,<;if' ".... ~ 0....
....0 <<0<?,0 ~+- (:)<?,O ....
230 4,400 22,0
130 2,900 34.1
220 3,700 27.8
130 3,150 25.2
240 3,000 37.5
1,110 2,550 16.9
830 1,670 2,500 10.0
420
250
2,900 19.3
3,050 17.6
60 5,400 19.4
50 4,550 19.4
220 3,400 17.9
800 1,750 2,550 17.0
2,540 2,110 4,650 17.2
820 5,730 6,550 17.0
80.5 29.5 110.0
38.5
11.0
1.5 40.0
4.0 15.0
28.0 12.0 40.0
27.5 16.5 44.0
12.5 27.5 40.0
0.5
25.0
4.5
7.0
39.0
9.0
6.5
14.0
4.5
11.5
1.5
25.0
1.5 13.0
0.5 2.0
1.0 26.0
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INDUSTRIAL
(:)
....'~ ....~
," o~
~+ (:)<?'
168.0 392.0
80.0 5.0
197.5 177.5
10.5 59.5
8.0
8.0 2.0
1.0
7.0
25.0
14.0
2.0
7.5
4.5 5.5
7.0 3.0
.....,.v
....0 I
560.0
85.0
375.0
I
70.0
8.0
10.0
I
9
SUNSET
65.0 555.0 620.0
20.0 230.0 250.0
2.0 208.0 210.0
3.0 47.0 50.0
3.0 37.0 40.0
28.0
522.0 550.0
40,930 14,320 55,250 18.7 *
70 2,630 2,700 10.0
120 3,330 3,450 15.0
20 1,180 1,200 15.0
10
600 15.0
590
220
7,950 12.8 *
7.0
7.0
0.5 19.5 20.0
3.0 17.0 20.0
269.5 162.5 432.5
2.0
3.0
7.0
25.0
I
I
0.5
14.0
2.0
8.0
I
12
HAGEMAN
2,274.0 1,849.04,123.0
7,730
130
10
30
30
4,050 16.2
3,400 16.2
750 15.0
600 15.0
3,920
3,390
720
570
200
8,800 16.0*
10.0 10.0
20.0 20.0
10.0 10.0
10.0 10.0
50.0 50.0
10.0 10.0
10.0 10.0
20.0 20.0
10.0 10.0
50.0
50.0
I
10.0
10.0 I
515.0 672.0 1,187.0
44.0 56.0
44.0 56.0
56.0 144.0
5.0 5.0
61.0 149.0
I
100.0
I
I
"100.0
I
.13
KENNEDY
8,600
41,350 30,650 72,000 17.5 *
269.5 262.5 532.0
I
200.0
10.0 I
210.0
I
620.0 877.0 1,497.0
I
14 STEWART
IS
KEY ACRES
SUB-TOTALS
E-1
E-2
E-3
E-4
SUB-TOTALS
S -1
S -2
S -3
S -4
SUB-TOTALS
TOTALS
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62.0 8.0
I
21.0 19.0 40.0
126.0 4.0 130.0
I
11.5 3.5
21.0
85.5 4.5
I
241.5 38.5 280.0
I
22.0
11.0
I
27.5 0.5
62.0
56.5 0.5
I
I
7.0 3.0
43.5 6.5
22.5 17.5
I
820.5 105.5 926.0
I
.,.v
0'"
'"
70.0
15.0
21.0
90.0
22.0
11.0
28.0
62.0
57.0
10.0
50.0
40.0
440.0 10.0 450.0
3.0 37.0 40.0
I
40.0
30.0
I
40.0
30.0
443.0 117.0 560.0
I
70.0
30.0
70.0
30.0
I
100.0 100.0
20.0 20.0
I
220.0 220.0
I
1,263.5 442.5 1,706.0
STREETS & ALLEYS
~0 X'
",' ~'" .,.v
0~"> 0<<-0 ",0'"
227.0 83.0 310.0
114.0 - 4.0 110.0
149.0 71.0 220.0
89.0 11.0 100.0
81.5 0.5 82.0
71.5 38.5 110.0
90.5 99.5 190.0
82.0 82.0
103.0 7.0 110.0
146.0
130.0
99.0
146.0
130.0
99.0
o
0'" 0 .,.0v
.,.<<- 0v v">
00 v">'" O~ <<-0'"
0'< '" -<f. .,.
v0v ~.,."> v
","'-.l 0'" 0 ",'"
",000 -.l"''''<<- ",0
1,250 231 28 1,509
360
960
350
235
400
16 9 385
26 145 1,131
36
3 3
83 61
730 233 101 1,064
300
340
7 8
42 6
387
241
544
315
388
487
448
388
264
542
745
7,627 838 373 8,838
480
430
380
7
10 8
5 3
800
640
1,720 1,720 550 3,990
247
490
675
17
52
70
730
600
640
360
1,310 945 75 2,330
900 260 490 1,650
540 340 20 900
180 600 20
100 520 20
440 270 20
350 235 15
420 220
100 220 40
10,657 3,053 998 15,158
*
Average
Close Phillips - Transfer to Whittier and Bartlett.
Close South Park - Transfer to Franklin and Bartlett.
PUBLIC &
QUASI PUBLIC
,~0 ",X'
,,>'" ~
~ <<-0
o 0
55.0 25.0
80.0
**
***
47
I
105.0 35.0 140.0
133.5 86.5 220.0
1,676.0 453.0 2,129.0
10.0 160.0 170.0
15.0 135.0 150.0
15.0 35.0
15.0 5.0
50.0
20.0
55.0 335.0 390.0
60.0 50.0 110.0
10.0 90.0 100.0
10.0 40.0
10.0 10.0
50.0
20.0
90.0 190.0 280.0
1,821.0 978.0 2,799.0
NEIGHBORHOOD ANALYSIS. . . Each of the 23 neighbor-
hoods which make up the Salina community of 1985 was
individually analyzed. From this analysis a general
development plan for the community was evolved. This
analy si s follows:
NEIGHBORHOOD NUMBER 1 - HAWTHORNE
Area: 1,509 acres; 714.5 acres developed; largest neigh-
borhood.
Population: Present 4,170; Projected 4,400
Land Use: Scattered and widely varied uses, 25 percent
residential, 24 percent industrial, 11 percent commercial.
Over fifty percent of the neighborhood is made up of usable
vacant land quite suitable for industrial or commercial type
uses. Large number of mobile homes in two major trailer
parks.
Housing: Mostly single-family dwellings in good to poor
condi tion. Large deteriorating area and largest pocket of
blight in the city.
Major Neighborhood Facilities: Hawthorne Elementary
School, St. John's Military Academy, Salvation Army
Community Center, Thomas Park
Comments and Recommendations: The population of this
neighborhood is not expected to increase materially. The
greatest amount of industrial growth in the community is
expected to occur in the eastern and western portions of
this neighborhood. Access to the Interstate Highways is
good and railroad service is readily available.
48
NEIGHBORHOOD NUMBER 2 - PHILLIPS
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Area: 385 acres; 350.5 acres developed.
Population: Present 2,770; Projected 2,900
Land Use: Scattered and varied uses, 27 percent residen-
tial, 22.5 percent industrial, 11 percent commercial.
Includes north half of CBD. Only 25 acres of usable vacant
land. With 28.6 persons per net residential acre, it is the
most densely settled neighborhood in the city.
Housing: Mostly single-family in good to fair condition.
Small pockets of deteriorating housing. Many conversions
to two-and more-family dwellings.
Major Neighborhood Facilities: Numerous community
facili ties: Saline Coun ty Court House and Jail, Memorial
Hall, Sacred Heart Elementary and Junior High Schools
(Parochial), City Hall, Central Fire Station.
Comments and Recommendations: The Phillips Elementary
School is scheduled to be abandoned because of structural
condition and present plans are to transfer its students to
Whittier and Bartlett schools (Neighborhoods 4 and 5).
The present Phillips neighborhood is expected to remain
rather static with respect to population. Multiple - family
dwelling uses will probably increase and the total amount
of land used for residential purposes is expected to decrease.
This area is the recommended location for the new
Community Center - city hall - court house - library -
auditorium complex and the proposed Community Inn.
Neighborhood lacks park area.
NEIGHBORHOOD NUMBER 3 - OAKDALE
Area: 1,131 acres; 695 acres developed; second largest
neighborhood.
Population: Present 3,480; Projected 3,700
Land Use: Varied uses, 31 percent residential, 29 percent
industrial. Nearly 13 percent of the total neighborhood is
unusable vacant land. Includes two major parks. A number
of scattered mobile homes.
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Housing: Predominantly single - family dwellings in good
to poor condition. Large deteriorating area and two pockets
of bligh 1.
Major Neighborhood Facilities: Oakdale Elementary
School, St. John's Hospital, Oakdale and Kenwood Parks,
Special Education Center, both municipal swimming pools,
Agricultural Hall, 4 - H Building.
Comments and Recommendations: This neighborhood is
expected to increase in population about 10 percent including
some new multiple - family dwellings. The major develop-
ment is expected to be industrial in the northeast portion of
the neighborhood. Lee Industrial Park and areas adjacent
to it are considered to be highly desirable locations for new
industry. The neighborhood includes a sizeable residential
area which will probably be annexed to the City within the
planning period.
NEIGHBORHOOD NUMBER 4 - WHITTIER
Area: 387 acres; 259.5 developed.
Population: Present 3,020; Projected 3,150
Land Use: Predominantly residential (46.5 percent of
developed area). One - fifth of residential area is two-
family. Includes the varied commercial strip - development
on south Broadway. Three large motels. Two-and more
family dwellings are widely scattered throughout the
residential areas. One-third of the neighborhood area is
usable vacant land.
Housing: Predominantly single - family dwellings in good
to poor condition. Three small deteriorating areas.
Major Neighborhood Facilities: Whittier Elementary School,
National Guard Armory.
Comments and Recommendations: No appreciable change is
expected in the population of this neighborhood except as
will result from the addition of a part of the Phillips
Neighborhood when its school is abandoned. The vacant
usable land, west of Broadway, is suitable for light industrial
purposes and growth of that nature can be expected.
Neighborhood lacks park and playground area.
NEIGHBORHOOD NUMBER 5 - BARTLETT
Area: 241 acres; 235 acres developed. Smallest neighbor-
hood.
Population: Present 2,760; Projected 2,900
Land Use: 41 percent residential nearly one - third of
which is two - and more family. Includes south half of
CBD. Only six acres of vacant land, 3.5 acres of which is
considered unusable. Second most densely settled neigh-
borhood with 28.5 persons per net residential acre.
Housing: Mixture of dwelling structure types generally in
good to fair condition. Small deteriorating area.
Major Neighborhood Facilities: Bartlett Elementary School,
Y M C A, Y W C A, Lincoln - Roosevelt Junior High School,
Asbury Hospital.
Comments and Recommendations: Gross residential area
expected to decrease as a result of conversion to commer-
cial uses. Population will increase slightly because of new
multiple - family construction.
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NEIGHBORHOOD NUMBER 6 - GLENIFFER HILL
Area: 544 acres; 260.5 acres developed.
Population: Present 1,440; Projected 2,550
Land Use: 32 percent of developed land is residential
which is 90 percent single - family. Few scattered
commercial and light industrial developments on Iron A venue
and Ohio Street. One - third of developed area consists of
Indian Rock Park. 12.5 percent of the neighborhood is
unusable vacant land.
Housing: Ages of dwelling structures range from old to new
and condition from excellent to poor. Small area of
deterioration in northwest corner of neighborhood.
Major Neighborhood Facilities: Gleniffer Hill Elementary
School, Indian Rock Park.
Comments and Recommendations: A population increase of
75 to 80 percent is predicted as a result of development of
two of the largest vacant areas within the city - the area
west and north of Marymount College and the area south of
Kenwood Park and west of Ohio Street. The undeveloped
commercial zones on Iron and on Ohio are expected to
become occupied as the neighborhood grows.
NEIGHBORHOOD NUMBER 7 - MEADOW LARK
Area: 1,064 acres; 476.5 acres developed. Third largest
neighborhood.
Population: Present 830; Projected 2,500
Land Use: Predominantly residential (30 %). Public and
Quasi-Public uses account for 51 % - Marymount College,
Salina Country Club, Mount Calvary and Gypsum Hill
cemeteries. Lowest population density of all neighborhoods
averaging 5.8 persons per residential acre. Area is dominated
by large homes on large lots. Includes over 1,000 acres of
unusable land.
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Housing: 100 percent single - family dwellings, age range
from new to 45 years, condition of structures excellent to
good.
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Major Neighborhood Facilities: Meadow Lark Elementary
School, Salina Country Club, Marymount College.
Comments and Recommendations: A continuation of rather
extensive residential construction is expected as the
neighborhood grows to the east and to the southwest. Many
of the new homes will be large, especially to the southwest,
but the average size and price of the homes will decrease
because of the proximity of the municipal airport with respect
to eastern developments. A neighborhood park is recom-
mended to serve this neighborhood and the western portion
of new Neighborhood E - 2 to the east; the northern end
of the airport runway clear - zone is suggested as a possible
location. Retail type business developments at the
intersection of Crawford Avenue and Marymount Road should
be discouraged. Well- planned office - type uses would
be more desirable. A neighborhood" shopping center" to
serve this neighborhood, as well as Neighborhoods E - 2
and E - 3, would be well located if developed at or near
the intersection of Crawford A venue and the N - S section -
line road immediately east of the airport. A neighborhood
shopping center should be centered in a trade area with a
one-mile radius; serving from 5,000 to 10,000 people.
The familiar method of zoning all four corners of a major
intersection for neighborhood commercial purposes is no
longer logical in light of the change in shopper habits.
It is much more sensible to zone one, or at most, two corners
to commercial and 'the others to office or multiple residence
uses. Serious consideration should be given to requiring
that a detailed market analysis precede or accompany
requests for rezoning for neighborhood shopping center
purposes.
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NEIGHBORHOOD NUMBER 8 - SOUTH PARK
Area: 315 acres; 283.5 acres developed.
Population: Present 2,480; Projected 2,900
Land Use: Widely varied; residential types vary from
single - family to large mobile home parks; 52 percent
residential; 9 percent commercial including de",elopments
on Broadway and the Elmore Shopping Center.
Housing: Predominantly single - family, many relatively
new multiple - family dwellings. Condition varies from good
to fair with a few structures in poor condition.
Major Neighborhood Facilities: South Park Elementary
School, Elmore Shopping Center.
Comments and Recommendations: South Park School is
scheduled to be abandoned and its students transferred to
Franklin and to Barlett. This move will eliminate this
temporary and elongated school-centered neighborhood and
its area divided into the five adjacent neighborhoods. The
predicted population increase is predicated on further
multiple - family developments in the eastern half of the
neighborhood. The commercial developments are expected
to occur on Crawford, east of the Elmore Center.
NEIGHBORHOOD NUMBER 9 - SUNSET
Area: 388 acres; 301 acres developed.
Population: Present 2800; Projected 3050
Land Use: 61 percent residential, all single - family except
for 4 two - family dwellings. Small undeveloped park.
Commercial uses at the intersection of Crawford and
Broadway.
Housing: Small houses predominate in good to poor condition.
Large deteriorating area approaching blight. In serious need
of rehabilitation.
Major Neighborhood Facilities: Sunset Elementary School.
Comments and Recommendations: The northern half of this
neighborhood is for the mos t part of war-time marginal
type construction. This area, known as Indian Village
because of the street names, has many vacant units and
there is a serious and increasing problem of deterioration.
The FHA has recently announced the intention of initiating
a major rehabilitation program for the area. The forecast of
a stable and slightly increased population by 1985 is entirely
predicated on considerable rehabilitation. If the area is
not improved, a population decrease of at least 50 percent
can be expected. A small tract of approximately 25 acres,
west of the developed area, is expected to be used for
light industrial purposes.
NEIGHBORHOOD NUMBER 10 - FRANKLIN & LOWELL
Area: 487 acres; 475 acres developed
Population: Present 5,340; Projected 5,400
Land Use: 58 percent residential, three small commercial
areas including Sunset Plaza Shopping Center at intersection
of Broadway and Crawford.
Housing: Medium-sized to small homes in good to fair
condition; age varies from 10 to 50 years.
Major Neighborhood Facilities: Franklin and Lowell
Elementary Schools, Sunset Park.
Comments and Recommendations: Very little new develop-
ment is expected in this neighborhood. The population and
the land use pattern will remain relatively stable. Except
for one new and larger neighborhood (Key Acres), this
neighborhood will continue to be the most heavily populated
in the City. Conservation measures are recommended to
prevent deterioration.
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NEIGHBORHOOD NUMBER 11 - HUESNER
Area: 448 acres; 427.5 acres developed.
Population: Present 4,500; Projected 4,550
Land Use: 54 percent residential; one small commercial area.
Housing: Mostly single family with condition ranging from
excellent to fair.
Major Neighborhood Facilities: Huesner Elementary School,
Salina Senior H. S. and Athletic Field.
Comments and Recommendations: The Huesner neighborhood
is also considered to have reached complete development
except for additional commercial uses on Crawford and a
few new homes on vacant lots.
NEIGHBORHOOD NUMBER 12 - HAGEMAN
Area: 388 acres; 367 acres developed.
Population: Present 3,180; Projected 3,400
Land Use: 49 percent residential, 7 percent commercial;
one - third of the mobile homes in the city are located in
this neighborhood.
Housing: Wide range of type, age and condition. Mostly
single - family. Small area of deteriorating dwellings west
of Broadway.
Major Neighborhood Facilities: Hageman Elementary School,
Sunset Park, Kraft Manor Shopping Area, Kansas Wesleyan
University.
Comments and Recommendations: A slight growth in
population is expected as the result of vacant lot develop-
ment. Conservation and rehabilitation measures should be
applied in the area of deterioration. Conditions in the mobile
home park immediately west of the Hageman School should
be improved considerably.
NEIGHBORHOOD NUMBER 13 - KENNEDY
Area: 264 acres; 109.5 acres developed.
Population: Present 800; Projected 2,550
Land Use: 100 percent residential development except for
streets and school grounds. 58 percent of neighborhood is
usable vacant land.
Housing: All small single - family homes, relatively new.
Major Neighborhood Facilities: Kennedy Elementary School.
Comments and Recommendations: This area between
Highway 81 and Interstate 35 W is expected to continue to
develop in same general pattern as has been started. No
industrial development is expected. The population is
predicted to triple. Small commercial development is
expected along highway and near Magnolia.
NEIGHBORHOOD NUMBER 14 - GRACE E. STEWART
Area: 542 acres; 293 acres developed.
Population: Present 2,540; Projected 4,650
Land Use: 48 percent residential. 46 percent of neighbor-
hood is usable vacant land.
Housing: Almost entirely new single - family 1n good
condition.
Major Neighborhood Facilities: Grace E. Stewart Elementary
School, South Jr. H. S., St. Mary's Elementary School
(parochial), Sacred Heart Senior H. S. (parochial).
Comments and Recommendations: This neighborhood is
expected to experience relatively rapid growth because of
location and availability of vacant residential lots. A
neighborhood shopping area is recommended in the commer-
cially zoned area near the in tersection of Albert A venue and
Ohio Street. There is an urgent need for a developed park
to serve this and other southern and southeastern areas of
the City.
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NEIGHBORHOOD NUMBER 15 - "KEY ACRES"
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Area: 745 acres; 214 acres developed.
Land Use: Except for a few new commercial uses on US 81
(Ninth Street) the developed area is entirely residential.
Comments and Recommendations: This new neighborhood
is expected to become the largest in population if the
present density per acre continues and if lot sizes and street
patterns in the unplatted areas are similar to those in the
areas being developed. The commercial zone along U S-81
will probably develop to serve the" Key Acres" neighbor-
hood and Schilling Manor but it is suggested that a
Commercial development to serve this neighborhood, as
well as new neighborhoods S - 2, S - 3, and S - 4, may be
warranted near the intersection of the section -line roads
at the southeast corner of the" Key Acres" neighborhood.
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Population: Present 820; Projected 6,550
Housing: New medium-sized single - family homes.
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Major Neighborhood Facilities: "Key Acres" Elementary
School (School has not been officially named).
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NEIGHBORHOOD NUMBER E-1
Area: 1,650 acres; 900 acres developed by 1985.
Population: Present 70; Projected 2,700
Land Use: This neighborhood will become the largest in
the City in area. Nearly 30 percent is unusable consisting
of river channel and airport clear zone. 27 percent of the
neighborhood is presently used for municipal airport, Elks
Country Club and cemetery purposes.
Housing: Present residential uses include a variety of
single - family homes and a small mobile home park.
Major Neighborhood Facilities: Elks Country Club.
Comments and Recommendations: This neighborhood can
be the key to development east of the river. The initial
extension of Mary mount Road to the south, from the northwest
corner of the Elks Country Club to Mrgnolia, as a major
thoroughfare will become an important link in the thorough-
fare system and, as a result of improved circulation, promote
residential development. This neighborhood, plus the
continuation of rapid growth in the eastern portions of the
Meadow Lark Neighborhood, will result in further" squaring"
of the City and establish a pattern for expansions to the
east in neighborhoods E - 2, E - 3 and E - 4. Neighborhood
shopping areas would be logically located near the northeast
and southeast corners of Neighborhood E-1.
NEIGHBORHOOD NUMBER E - 2
Area: 900 acres; 540 acres developed by 1985
Population: Present 120; Projected 3,450
Land Use: Strip residential developments along section -line
roads. Industrial developments adjacent to railroad tracks.
Housing: Single - family homes in good condition.
Major Neighborhood Facilities: Parsons Rural Elementary
School which will undoubtedly soon become part of the City
school system.
Comments and Recommendations: This neighborhood is
expected to become a major area of residential expansion.
Further industrial developments along the railroad tracks is
a possibility. Steps should be taken to stop further
strip - type residential developments; land - owners should
be encouraged to prepare plats, even though such plats
remain unofficial for some time, so that land -use and
street patterns may be coordinated. Commercial development
near the southwest corner of the neighborhood is recom-
mended.
NEIGHBORHOODS NUMBER E - 3 AND E - 4
Area: (E-3) 800 acres; 180 acres developed by 1985
(E -4) 640 acres; 100 acres developed by 1985
Population: (E-3) Present 20; Projected 1,200
(E - 4 ) Present 10; Projected 600
Land Use: Agricultural except for scattered single - family
dwellings.
Housing: Pattern not established.
Major Neighborhood Facilities: None
Comments and Recommendations: Strip - type developments
should be discouraged. Park area should be developed in
Neighborhood E - 3. Commercial development near southwest
corner of Neighborhood E - 4 is recommended.
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NEIGHBORHOOD NUMBER S-l
Area: 730 acres; 440 acres developed by 1985
Population: Present 130; Projected 4,050
Land Use: Partially platted for residential purposes. Small
commercial development in northwest corner at Crawford.
Second commercial area at Albert & Ohio intersection. Few
older rural-type residences on East Cloud.
Housing: Pattern not established.
Major Neighborhood Facilities: None
Comments and Recommendations: Every effort should be
made to encourage the early development of this large vacant
area. No other area adjacent to present City boundaries is
considered to have more potential. Land evaluation should
recognize this potential and the land should be taxed
accordingly. Land - owners should be persuaded to have
the area platted to establish the location of collector
streets. The City can provide impetus to development by
early action with respect to the proposed park; by initiating
a reasonable program of annexation; and by establishment
of an elementary school site. This neighborhood contains a
cut - off loop of the river all or most of which should be
developed as a major park to serve southeast Salina. This
recommendation has first priority in the planning of park
system extensions and expansion. A neighborhood commer-
cial development near the intersection of Albert and Ohio is
recommended. The area is presently served by a major
sewer trunk line and water service. It would also be
beneficia I to the developed areas west of Ohio by providing
looped water service.
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NEIGHBORHOOD NUMBER S - 2
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Area: 600 acres; 350 acres developed by 1985
Population: Present 10; Projected 3,400
Land Use: Presently all agricultural.
Housing: Pattern not established.
Major Neighborhood Facilities: None
Comments and Recommendations: This neighborhood should
be encouraged to develop prior to neighborhoods S - 3 and
S - 4 to further the sugges tion of "squaring" the shape of
the City and to delay the need for municipal utility extensions
as much as possible.
NEIGHBORHOODS NUMBER S - 3 AND S - 4
Area: (S - 3) 640 acres; 420 acres developed by 1985
(S - 4) 360 acres; 100 acres developed by 1985
Population: (S - 3) Present 30; Projected 750
(S - 4) Present 30; Projected 570
Land Use: Industrial developments presently occupy over
50 acres in neighborhood S - 3. Balance of area is used
for agricultural purposes.
Housing: Pattern not established.
Major Neighborhood Facilities: None
Comments and Recommendations: The Neighborhood S - 3
industrial area should be encouraged to expand. Control
should be exercised to prevent industries which will cause
smoke, dust, or odors because of the prevailing wind pattern.
Land should be reserved in either S - 3 or S - 4 for future
secondary schools and for a park to serve the southern
neighborhoods of the City.
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CENTRAL BUSINESS DISTRICT
One of the most challenging and complex problems facing the Salina community
is that of the Central Business District. The CBD is the principal concentra-
tion of retail shopping, personal services, entertainment, financial houses,
offices, governmental and other related functions of the City. As such, it
is the core or heart of the city and worthy of extraordinary efforts to revit-
talize it. Despite the advent of the" shopping center", the CBD remains
the focal point of commercial activity. The challenge lies in preserving
and increasing the business health of the area; in finding new and
compatible uses to replace the vacant structures and dying activities,
and in arresting the trends of dilapidation at its fringe. Those who
might suggest the desertion of the downtown area to the forces of
change are not fully aware of the investment in public and private
funds that are involved.
The study of the Central Business District undertaken as a
part of the current planning program was not the comprehensive
and exhaustive study which is necessary for a complete
analysis. The revitalization and improvement of the CBD
will depend considerably more upon private action and
financing than on public financing and programs. The
community as a whole should be united, through under-
standing, in a private - public, long - range program
and the whole community should be willing to partici-
pate with downtown business interests to put a
program into action.
The CBD is defined, generally, as the area
between Fourth and Eighth Streets and between
the Missouri Pacific R R tracks and Mulberry
Street. The commercially developed area is
not rectangular since it narrows to Fifth
Street and to Seventh Street in certain blocks.
In net area, the CBD totals approximately
60 acres, not including streets and alleys.
Non-business land uses such as resi-
dential, public and quasi-public, and
industrial- type developments use 25
of the 60 acres. The total area of 60
acres represents only 1.1 percent,
and the 35 acres used for commer-
cial purposes in the CBD repre-
sents less than two-thirds
of one percent of the developed
area of the city.
The total assessed valuation of the CBD was $4,600,000 in
1957 and $4,085,000 in 1964. A drop of $515,000, over 11
percen t, in s~ven years. A large part of this decrease is
due to the conv~rsion of private property to public parking
lots and was anticipated, as well as recommended, as a
CBD conservation measure. The importance of the CBD
with respect to tax base considerations is borne out by the
following comparison: The CBD, representing only 0.64 of
one percent of the developed area of the city, accounts for
nearly seven percent of the total assessed valuation. The
Sears, Sunset Plaza, Kraft Manor - Welles, and Elmore
shopping centers represent the same percent of the developed
area of the city (34 acres) and account for less than two
percent of the total assessed valuation.
AREA TOTAL AVERAGE
(ACRES) ASSESSED VALUATION
VALUATION PER ACRE
(THOUSANDS)(LAND ONLY)
RANGE OF
VALUATIONS
PER ACRE
CENTRAL BUSINESS
DISTRICT 35
$48,600
$ 17,500
TO
$105.500
$4,085
FOUR SHOPPING
C EN T E R S 34
$1,182
$ 6,250
$ 3,750
TO
$10,000
Quite obviously the differences reflected in the above table
are the result of two factors.
1. Land is valued as much as thirty-eight times
higher in the CBD, and nearly eight times as
high on an average.
2. Buildings in the CBD 'represent twice the
valuation of those in the four centers.
The above comparisons are not included to convey the
impression that shopping centers are to be eliminated or
discouraged. No one denies that they have had an adverse
effect upon the CBD but there is a need for neighborhood
shopping facilities in a community the size of Salina. The
comparisons were drawn to point out the importance of the
CBD to the economy and growth of the City.
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With the exception of the United Building (10 floors), the
Great Plains Building (4 floors), Stiefels (3 floors), and a
few other structures, most buildings in the district are two
stories. A few businesses use basement areas for sales
purposes; other basements are generally used for storage-
and utili ties. Second floor usage is quite commonly used
for office type purposes or storage.
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The building areas, in. square feet, used for commercial
purposes totalled as follows:
Retail
Services
Wholesale
Total
1,115,000 S. F.
1,334,000
647,000
3,096,000 S. F.
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The majority of the commercial buildings were erected prior
to 1930 and a number are in the 60 - year - old age bracket.
A few structures have been remodeled and modernized in
recent years by means of interior and store front improve-
ment, or both, but not enough to change the overall effective
age of the area. There have been four new buildings
constructed in the last decade. Many of the upper floors
within the CBD are vacant or partially vacant. At the time
of the survey, there were 10 vacant first floors and 43
vacant upper floors in the district. The majority of these
vacancies were on the east side of Santa Fe. This is due
to a change in demand for this type of space, particularly
because of the lack of elevator service. The majority of
these upper areas have slipped into poor condition and are
economically beyond repair. Structurally, twelve buildings
are considered to be deteriorated and four to be in unsound
condi tion.
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The employment survey indicated that the CBD area
represents 4,440 jobs, or over one-third of the jobs in the
City. This is further proof of the importance of the trade
industries in the total economy of the City.
In most cities the CBD is the focal point of internal traffic
and, because of age and relatively dense development, the
CBD commonly suffers from poor accessibility, poor internal
circulation, and lack of parking. The Salina CBD is fortunate
in that its accessibility ,problems are not too great. There
are a few circulation problems which can be minimized or
eliminated without involving major construction or costly
improvements. Salina is one of the minority of cities which
does not presently have a CBD parking problem because of
a system of large and well- spaced municipal parking lots
complemented by several private parking areas.
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The recommendations with respect to CBD traffic and
parking will be a part of the companion Transportation
Study. However, there are general recommendations which
can be made at this time. Improvements to accessibility
should include a better means of getting to the CBD from
the west and Interstate 35 W. Circulation in the CBD could
be improved by synchronization of traffic lights including
those that are pedestrian actuated, by increasing the
travel-lane widths by changes in the on - street parking
patterns, and reexamination of portions of the one - way
street pattern. Off - street parking in the CBD should be
restudied periodically as dictated by growth of the CBD so
that additional spaces are provided, preferably in advance
of business growth. Full parking lots are positive evidence
of a shortage of parking.
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Local governmental agencies can halt the decline of the
CBD, strengthen its economic status, and, quite conceivably,
induce growth and new construction in the downtown area
by construction of a governmental- civic center complex
on the border of the CBD. This recommendation is a part
of the Community Facilities element of the Plan.
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The proposed downtown motor - hotel and convention
facility will have the same effects on the CBD; a side
benefit of the Community Inn proposal that has not been
adequately emphasized.
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Basically, however, the solutions to Central Business
District problems are in the hands of the businesses and
property owners. Compactness of the area must be
preserved. Non-retail establishments should not be mixed
with retail businesses, particularly at ground level. Mer-
chandizing and service must be constantly improved.
Modernization of building interiors and exteriors is essential
to improve appearances of the area. Appearances and
atmosphere can also be promoted by minimizing or elimina-
tion of store - front clutter and street clutter. Light poles,
hydrants, street signs, store signs, banners, window
displays, letter and litter baskets, traffic signs, varieties
of awnings and marquees, overhead wiring, et aI, all
contribute to a cluttered condition.
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Because of the financial stake private interests have in the
maintenance and future of the CBD, they should be united
in an a11- out effort to establish goals and programs that
will insure their investments. The primary recommendation
with respect to the CBD is that such an organization be
formed.
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INDUSTRIAL AREAS
Existing light and heavy industrial developments are for
the most part, concentrated in the areas adjacent to
the railroad yards in the northern third of the City. Industrial
type uses of land comprise 9.4 percent of the developed
area of the community. Salina, by virtue of its location at
the intersection of two interstate highways and served by
four railroads, is in excellent position to compete for
industries. In the formation of the Development Plan, the
assumption was made that the efforts to induce industry
into the community will be successful . . . . a result that is
most necessary to insure a healthy and balanced economy.
The Plan allocates approximately 900 acres for manufactur-
ing and industrial park developments, permitting ample
freedom of site choice and location. The Plan offers an
adequate gross area, as well as adequate quantities of the
differeht types of area,so that all types of industry may be
attracted and conveniently accommodated. Industries
require sites that vary in size from one-half acre to 2,000
acres, and sites in the range of 100 to 500 acres are not
uncommon. If the allocation of 900 acres proves to be
insufficient, there are additional acreages available that are
suitable.
The largest areas suggested are situated in Neighborhoods
1, 3 and S - 3, although industrial growth is predicted in ten
of the other neighborhooas. Industrial growth in Neighborhood
S - 3 should be permitted only under rigid performance
standards with respect to noise, smoke, fumes, etc. It is
proposed that heavy industrial uses be concentrated in the
north-eastern sector of the community, although this area
has equal potential for light manufacturing activities. The
tendency for wholesale and warehousing activities to locate
in industrial park developments should be encouraged.
The Zoning Ordinance should be revised so that industrial
land is protected from encroachment by non-industrial uses,
particularly residential uses.
59
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SAlI N A
4000 FEET
CITY PlANNING
COMMISSION
11LSON
COMPANY
ENOl N EERS
ARCHITECTS t
PLANNING CONSUL TANTS
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CHURCHES SCHOOLS
Sacred Heart Cathedral 8 Lincoln & Roosevelt Junior High 21
First Methodist 9 Asbury School of Nursing 27
First Assembly of God 15 Stimmel 30
Christ Cathedral, Episcopal 17 St. Johns Military Academy 32
Salvation Army 19 Parkview 33
Firsf Christian 20 Hawthorne 41
Firsf Church at Chrisf Scientist 22 Brown - Mackie School of Business 46
Immanuel Lutheran 23 St. Johns School of Nursing 62
First Presbyterian 24 Phillips 64
St. Johns Lufheran 25 Sacred Heart Grade & Jr. High 66
North Side Church of God 34 Oakdale 67
Church at God in Christ 36 Marymounf College for Women 68
Garden at Prayer Mission 37 Parsons 71
Trinity Nazarene 40 Whittier 73
Grand Avenue Methodist 42 Bartlett 74
Our Lady of Guadalupe 45 Childrens Special Education Center 76
St. Johns Baptist 47 Gleniffer Hill 78
Free Methodist 57 Meadowlark Ridge 91
Allen Chapel 59 South ParK 96
Seventh Day Adventist 60 Franklin 104
First Church of God 63 Salina High 107
United Pentecostal 72 Sunset 113
Quayle Methodist 75 Lowell 116
Pentecostal Church of God 81 Heusner 121
Wesleyan Methodist 89 Kansas Wesleyan University 125
Fi rst Church of the Nazarene 94 Hageman 130
First Southern Baptist 97 St. Marys Grade 132
Rolling Hills Congregational 99 Sacred Heart High 133
Kingdom Hall, Jehovah's Witnesses 101 South Junior High 136
Reorganized Church of Jesus Christ of L. D. S. 102 John F. Kennedy 137
Trinity Lutheran 103 Grace E. Stewart ]39
Grace Baptist Temple 105 Key Acres 144
First Baptist 108 Schilling Manor 145
Church of Jesus Christ of L. D. S. 109
Church at Christ 114 PUBLIC
Sunrise PreSbyterian 118
Village Missionary 119 Fire Dept. #1 1
Bel-Air Southern Baptist ]22 Kansas State Employment Office 2
Church of the Cross Evangelical United Brethern 124 City Hall 4
University Methodist 126 Pol ice Dept. 7
Fi rst Covenant 127 Public Library 12
Pilgrim Holiness 128 U. S. Post Office 13
Rose of Sharon Assembly of God 129 Water Treafment Plant 28
St. Mary, Queen of the Universe 131 Kansas State Highway Commission 38
Church of the Incarnation Episcopal 134 Kansas Highway Patrol 39
Salina Bible 138 Sewage Treatment Plant 43
Soufhern Bethel Baptist 140 Carver Recreation Center 50
Christ the King Lutheran 141 Welfare Office 53
Belmont Blvd. Christian 142 County Jail 54
Redeemer Lutheran 143 County Court House 55
Schilling AFB Chapel 146 Memoriaf Hall 56
Trinity Methodist 150 Utilities, Refuse & Street Dept. 61
Government Offices 77
CLU BS Smoky Hill Historical Museum 82
V.F.W. 3 Park Dept. 83
Eagles 5 Municipal Swimming Pool 86
U. S. O. 6 Agricultural Hall 87
Elks 10 4.H Club Building 88
Y.M.C.A. 11 National Guard Armory 93
Chamber of Commerce 14 County Yards 95
Y. W.C.A. 16 Agriculture Stabilization & Conservation 98
American Legion 18 Soil Conservation Service 100
Masons 26 Municipal Airport 111
I. O. D. F. 58 Federal Aviation Agency ll2
Knights of Columbus 65 Fire Dept. #2 117
Salina Country Club 69 Army Reserve 123
Moose 92
Elks Country Club 135 PARKS
Schilling AFB NCO 147
Schilling AFB Officers 148 Thomas 31
Park 44
MISCELLANEOUS Carver 48
ASbury Hospital 27 Riverside 49
Camp Webster 29 Park 52
Salvation Army Community Center 35 Park 70
St. Francis Boys Home - Administration 51 Oakdale 84
St. Johns Hospital 62 Kenwood 85
Mt. Calvary Cemetery 79 Ind ian Rock 90
Gypsum Hill Cemetery 80 Park 106
Roselawn Cemetery 110 Sunset 115
Schilling AFB Hospital 149 Park 120
COMMUNITY FACILITIES ELEMENT
"1/1
The citizens of Salina own and operate a wide variety
of public facilities. These facilities provide for their
basic daily needs and furnish social, cultural, educational
and recreational opportunities necessary in a progressive
and growing community. Community living, by its very
nature, requires that certain common services be provided
to insure the safety and well- being of the populace. A
listing of public facilities would include such items as:
the City Hall, Court House, Memorial Hall, fire and police
stations, parks and recreational facilities, sewage collection
and treatment system, the Library, the school system, the
municipal water system, and the municipal airport, to name
but a few. Each of these facilities provides a necessary
" service" to the people of the community. Quite obviously
these services must grow with the City and, for that reason,
they are vital considerations in a planning program. As a
first step in the study of community services or facilities,
an inventory of what already exists and an evaluation
with respect to adequacy, condition, capacity and expected
life was accomplished. i.. This inventory and evaluation
process must be completd so that the information may be
used in the development of the City Plan for the future.
Since a large share of the local tax dollar is allocated for
the development and maintenance of these many community
facilities, it is important I to plan the additions, extensions,
and improvements to t~ese services as carefully as is
po\sible,. I
SCHOOLS
_ The interdependence of schools and planning is not always
recognized. This close relationship was taken into account
in the determination of Salina neighborhoods and by use of
elementary school- centered neighborhoods in the projection
of future growth of the community. Whi.1e the Board of
Education and Superintendent of Schools have the direct
responsibility for the school system, it is essential that
the Plan include this vital public service as an integral
part of the development analysis and forecast. Growth and
changing land use characteristics will result in changes in
neighborhood school boundaries. Obsolescence ofbuildings
will prompt abandonment, relocation, or reconstruction of
certain schools which will result in changes in neighborhood
boundaries. It is intended that the Plan be of particular
interest and value to the school authorities in their planning
and site selection processes. The school authorities can,
in turn, influence the growth and stability of neighborhoods
for the benefit of the whole community.
The excellence of the Salina Public School sys tern is
evidenced by its physical plant, the caliber of its staff,
the quality of administration and by the scholastic records
of its students. The Salina Senior H. S. has ranked highest
in the State in State Scholarship in ten of the last eleven
years.
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GROWTH ... Enrollment in the public school system has
been increasing at a rate nearly 2 1/3 times faster than the
total population of the City. In 1950, the total enrollment
was slightly less than 4,500 and is expected to reach 11,000
in the 1964 - 65 term. It is a credi t to school au thori ties,
and to the taxpayers of the City, that this rapid growth has
been matched in physical plant and in staff. Large
expendi tures have been made and the funds have been used
with judgement and with foresight. The accompanying
graphs illustrate the growth in public school enrollment,
the projected 1964 - 65 enrollmentfigures and the capacities
of the present system. The graphs indicate that, despite
the crash program of new construction undertaken in the
past five or six years, the total capacity of the elementary
schools is only 750 above the projected enrollment for the
fall of 1964 - 65. This is not a true analysis since the
total capacity of the grade schools will be reduced by
approximately 500 with the closing of the Phillips and
South Park Schools because of obsolescence and poor
structural conditions. Each school must be considered
individually, since distance - from - home is the governing
factor. Shifting of school boundaries can only partially, and
often only temporarily, relieve overcrowded conditions.
The apparent extra capacity in the Franklin - Lowell school
neighborhood is designed to handle some of the pupils now
attending South Park. Similar transfers of South Park and
Phillips children will be made to Whittier and Bartlett.
Bartlett, representing the smallest neighborhood, had the
smallest enrollment (149) in 1963. The high enrollment at
the Schilling Manor School is indicative of the relative
importance of this unit in the system. Hageman is expected
to exceed design capacity next year and the new Kennedy
School will reach capacity in the second year of its
operation. Situations of this nature are foreseen by the
school authorities, and met by the use of detached
" cottages" for interim periods. If the increase is expected
to be temporary, the "cottage" plan is an adequate and
economical solution. The schools serving growing neigh-
borhoods are built in increments; a procedure made possible
by building designs that lend themselves to expansion.
The total enrollment at the two junior high schools reached
a high of 2,133 in 1961, dropped to 1,933 in 1963, and is
expected to again begin climbing in 1964 - 65. The capacity
of the two units is considered to be 2,200 and itis expected
that that point will be reached within the next two or three
school years.
Senior High School enrollment has been increasing yearly;
except for small decreases in 1951 and 1960. The capacity
of the school, considered to be 1,800, will be exceeded in
the next term on the basis of the latest projections.
63
PUBLIC SCHOOL ENROLLMENT
196~ GRADE SCHOOL CAPACITY - 7920
. ............ ............ ......... ... I
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GRADE SCHOOL ENROLLMENT ~~
~~ ..'
~;
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1964 JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL CAPACITY - 2200
1964 SENtOR HIGH SCHOOL CAPACITY - 1800 ..
. 1111I11I111111I11I11I11I1111I11I1 11I1111I111111I11 II 11I11I111II1I1I111!~!!l1 , tI"1111
JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL - ~HIGH SCHOOL ............
ENROLLMENT ENROL ~~.~~:.......' ....
- ...........
, ............................. ,...
1952
1956
1960
1963
Source; Salina Board of Education
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STANDARDS .,. All of the recently constructed school
system units have been planned in general conformance I
with the following standards. These standards, developed
by educational authorities, have been widely accepted by
both school and community planners. I
ELEMENTARY JUNIOR H. S. SENIOR H. S.
GRADES K -6 7-9 10- 12
ENROLLMENT 200 to 600 700 to 1500 1000 to 2000
SERVICE RADIUS Y2 to % mile 1 Y2 miles 2 miles
SITE SIZE 5 acres plus 15 acres plus 30 acres plus
1 acre per 100 1 acre per 100 1 acre per 100
BUILDING pupils pupils pupils
COVERAGE 3 acres 5 acres 10 acres
STREET ACCESS Collector Streets Major Streets Major Thorofares
8000
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7000
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ELEMENTARY SCHOOL ENROLLMENT
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6000
1000
5000
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4000
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700
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3000
2000
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1000
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1964
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200
Source; Salina Board of Education
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Because of the importance of playgrounds to every neigh-
borhood, school grounds should be considered as integral
parts of the park and playground system of the community.
Many cities, in recognition of their importance, have
participated in the procurement of school sites for the
express purpose of developing portions of them as additions
to the recreational facilities of the City. Joint usage of
these areas results in considerable saving to the taxpayer.
PROJECTED GROWTH... The 1985 land use projections
for each of the existing 15 community neighborhoods and for
eight new neighborhoods forecast population increases that
will require additional school facilities. The Gleniffer Hill,
Meadow Lark, Kennedy, Stewart, and Key Acres elementary
schools will each need additional classrooms. At least
four new elementary schools will be constructed in the next
twenty years. These units will be located in neighborhoods
E-1, E-2, S-l, and S-2. The 1985 populations in the
other four new neighborhoods may not necessitate n~w grade'
schools by 1985 but the need will be increasing.
South Junior High, with a capacity of 1000 students, is
expected to reach capacity within the next three to five
years. North Junior High is already operating at capacity.
Expansion of South Junior H. S. is possible but, because of
a serious lack of space, additions to North Junior High are
not feasible. If the forecasted growth of the City does
materialize, two new junior high schools will be required
by 1985; one in either neighborhood S - 3 or S - 4, and the
other in neighborhood E - 2. The rapidity of growth in
southern and eastern directions will determine which of
these two new units will be required first.
The Senior High School will reach rated capacity in the next
school term. The construction of additional facilities is
inevitable. The time schedule for this major undertaking
will be affected by the proposed vocational school which
is expected to be in operation in two or three years. If
constructed on the Senior H. S. site, it would defer the need
for additional capacity for the high school itself through
release of classroom space. The students transferring to
the vocational curriculum would make room for additional
regular curriculum enrollment. However, within the next
seven to ten years, a new senior high school will become a
necessi ty. On the basis of the projected physical growth
pattern the location for this school will quite likely be in
either neighborhoods S - 3 or S - 4.
The public school enrollment is expected to increase 65 %
and to total approximately 18,000 in 1985. This forecasted
growth in enrollment may be compared to the increase of
approximately 75 % in total population; a reflection of the
trend of slightly decreasing birthrates.
PAROCHIAL SCHOOLS... Enrollment in the elementary
and secondary parochial schools has also been increasing
steadily. In total they represent approximately 14 percent
of the public school enrollment; a major consideration in an
analysis of community schools. Enrollment in the St. Mary's
and Sacred Heart grade schools totals 900 and there are
570 students in the Sacred Heart Junior and Senior High
Schools. In forecasting public school needs, it was
considered that the parochial units would continue to play
the same role as they have in recent years.
RURAL SCHOOLS. . . Two elementary rural school districts
are already experiencing the problems brought about by
expansion of the City. Parsons School, enrollment 50, is in
new neighborhood E - 2. This district will soon become a
part of the City system and the Parsons school building will
serve that growing area for a number of years. Stimmel
School,' at the north edge of the Ci ty, (enrollment 69) is
equally vulnerable to the forces of growth. This school is
also expected to be absorbed by the City system in the
planning period. The other rural schools in the planning
area, Happy Corner (86), Schippel (11), New Cambria (37)
and Mentor (32) are outside the limits of the forecasted
growth of the City. If any or all of these four schools are
consolidated with the City system, the effect will not be
serious.
PRIV ATE SCHOOLS .., In addition to the twenty public
schools and four parochial schools, Salina is the home of
six excellent private schools. Kansas Wesleyan University
and Marymount College are accredited 4-year colleges and
both offer adult educational programs. K W U, with an
enrollment of 600, is co-educational; Marymount College
for Women has an enrollment of 500. The future for these
two colleges is expected to include increasing enrollments
and modest building programs. Salina is also the home of
St. John's Military School for Boys, enrollment 200; two
Schools of Nursing operated in conjunction with St. John's
and Asbury Hospitals, total enrollment 100; and the
Brown - Mackie School of Business with an enrollment
of 300.
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PUBLIC BUILDINGS
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The various activities carried on by the City and County
governments in providing essential public services require
a number of different kinds of buildings within the
community. These buildings are constructed and operated
by the local city government, the School Board, the Library
Board and county and federal government agencies; built
to house a variety of services which require varying and
specialized space requirements. The list of buildings may
include a city hall, library, court house, fire station, a
maintenance garage, post office, museum, art gallery,
school building, a neighborhood recreation building and
many others.
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The agencies responsible for providing the various public
services are responsible for location, size and kind of
buildings to suit particular requirements and for the conduct
of their governmental functions. Many of these agencies,
or operating departments, are controlled by the legislative
body.
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The planning commission, in any city, can perform a
valuable community service by assuring that the location
and size of public buildings will fit harmoniously into the
community master plan and be adequate in size to meet
future demands for services. The Kansas State Statutes
provide planning commissions with some authority in the
location of public buildings and other improvements in first
class cities in Kansas.
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"73 - 770. Same; improvements required to be approved
by city planning commission. Whenever the planning
commission shall have adopted and certified the master
plan of the municipality or of one or more maior sections
or districts thereoF, then and henceforth no improvements
of a type embraced within the recommendations of the
master plan or portion thereof shall be constructed
without the proposed plans of improvement thereof first
being submitted to the planning commission for their
study and report. If the planning commission does not
make a report within thirty days, the project shall be
deemed to have been approved by the planning commis-
s ion: Provided, In case of disapproval the planning
commission shall submit forthwith in writing the cause
of such disapproval to the governing body sponsoring
the improvement, and such governing body may, by a
recorded vote of two-thirds maiori ty of its membersh ip
overrule the disapproval of the planning commission.
(7947, Ch. 7393; June 30.)"
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The location of any public building should begin with a
stl!dy of the need, function and service to be performed
within the building. A second consideration is the inter-
relationship of the activity of the agency with that of the
public and with other public and private agencies. These
and other considerations will allow comparison of various
sites and evaluation of site location with respect to the
community as a whole.
Public buildings may be placed in either of two groups
with respect to location. Those that serve the whole
community and must have a central location, and those that
serve parts of the community and provide a service which
parallels the particular need of smaller areas of the
community. The first group of buildings which are centrally
located are the city hall, court house, or a municipal
auditorium. The second group are neighborhood oriented,
such as; an elementary school, a recreation building or a
fire station. Neighborhood oriented buildings are not
nearly as difficult to locate as those of the centrally located
group because they are usually located in areas where
development is occurring, and more land is available, and
where some selectivity can be exercised in locating the
site. This is not true with buildings which serve a major
government function and must be located in or near the
Central Business District where site selection is often
limited. This often forces either dispersed locations or
grau ping of buildings in a civic center.
An advantage of dispersed locations for public buildings
is the relative ease of finding a site, which will be
suitable for the particular function to be housed, within
the congested areas common to the Central Business
District. Another advantage is that each agency can act
independently in locating, financing and constructing its
own building; however, there are ins tances where this does
not work to the advantage of the city government, and the
public as a whole. Dispersed sites are not as likely to
block business expansion in the Central Business District
as would a grouping of government buildings if they were
improperly located.
67
There are several disadvantages to dispersed locations
where major government activities are housed separately.
The necessary day - to - day contact between public officials
cannot occur without travel being involved. There is
considerable disadvantage in the conduct of public business
since people must go to more than one building, often on
one item of business. This contributes to traffic congestion
and parking problems.
The grouping of related governmental buildings in a central
location is termed a "Civic Center". Arranging public
buildings in this manner has a number of advantages for
the public and public officials. The greater convenience
afforded in transacting business is perhaps the major
advantage. Responsible public officials can confer with
greater ease and efficiency in the conduct of daily business.
The shortage of parking space, often inherent with dispersed
building locations, can be solved by assuring that provision
of ample parking space becomes an integral part of the site
for locating a civic center. The arrangement and design of
a civic building complex can become a focal point for
community activities, provide a sense of community pride
and give new emphasis to the importance of good government.
The center should be centrally located and be readily
accessible by automobile and public transportation.
A logical first step in determining public building needs
is to prepare an analysis of present structures, their space
requirements, and a study of the amount of contact that is
necessary between the related governmental agencies and
departments and between the general public and the various
offices.
CITY HALL ... The City Hall, located at Fifth and Ash,
'was constructed in 1911. The 53 year old structure has
masonry - bearing walls with wood joists spanning from
the outside walls to the center corridor walls. The
electrical system, adequate for conditions that existed
fifty years ago, is both deteriorated and inadequate. The
electrical demand created by modern and increased numbers
of office equipment and devices, by the numerous window
unit air conditioners, and by increased lighting has seriously
overloaded exis ting wiring and circuits.
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Functionally, the City Hall can be described as obsolete.
As a relative term" obsolescent", is defined as "tending
to become out-of-date". A city hall approaches obsoles-
cence when it becomes too small, inefficient, or otherwise
incapable of serving the demands of a growing community.
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Examples of functional obsolescence are; inefficient office
layouts, high noise levels created by bookkeeping and other
office machines, congestion, poor lighting, shortage of
fireproof vault and file space, lack of flexibility, inadequate
toilet facilities, absence of a central air conditioning
system, insufficient employee parking, and inefficient
heating and cooling because of high ceilings and large
window areas. These items of functional obsolescence
are often overwhelming in office buildings over 40 years
old even though the physical depreciation is but very little.
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The present City Hall site provides little room for
expansion, is some distance from other government build-
ings and is located in an area which is in transition from
commercial to industrial related activities.
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The following departments are housed in the City Hall
and have need for additional space but cannot expand due
to the inflexibility of the existing building:
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Water Department
Engineering
Planning
Clerk and Treasurer
Manager
City Commission
Building Inspection
City Court
Clerk of the City Court
Board of Education
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The following tabulation indicates existing space and
estimated future space requirements:
Existing Area
Usable office area
Walls, circulation and utility space
Total Building Area
Additional space needed now
Usable office area
Walls, circulation & utility spaces
Total
Future additional space
Usa ble office area
Walls, circulation and utility spaces
Total
Sq. Ft.
9,890
6,410
16,300
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17,500
8,750
26,250
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12,200
6,100
18,300
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The following table indicates public use of the City Hall
and the departments which generate the most public
patronage:
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PUBLIC USE-CITY DEPARTMENTS
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NUMBER OF
DEPARTMENT DAILY VISITORS FLOOR VISITED
MIN. MAX. 1ST 2ND
CLERK & TREASURER 50 1000 + x
WATER 125 550 + x
H EA L T H 400 X
POLICE 150 350 X
COMMISSIONERS 100 X
CITY MANAGER 25 + x
CITY ENGINEER 25 + x
CITY PLANNING less than 25 X
DIRECTOR OF UTILITIES less than 25 X
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The City Court, Civil Defense, and Board of Education
patronage is not shown because of difficulty of determining
use accurately.
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POLICE STATION ... The Police Station is located on
the same site as the City Hall and occupies the building
which, until 1951, was the main fire station. This conver-
sion of use, made possible by the construction of the new
Central Fire Station at Seventh and Elm, permitted expansion
of other city hall offices in the areas vacated by the Police
Department. The building, constructed in 1917, is separated
from the City Hall by a small structure housing the jail
cells and a covered drive.
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The Police Station has the following amount of space:
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Police Station
Cell Block
Total
9,600 Sq. Ft.
900 Sq. Ft.
10,500 Sq. Ft.
Estimated additional space needs - 3,500 Sq. Ft.
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The lack of space in the existing building hinders a
functional arrangement of space and equipment to serve
present needs. The existing building has no fireproof
storage for police records.
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HEAL TH DEPARTMENT '" The present offices of the
Health Department are housed in the Washington School
Building, located at Second and Mulberry. There is presently
1,530 square feet of available space. The department
requires an additional 1,200 square feet of space. The
present location is not advantageous for efficient operation.
The considerable amount of traffic between other City and
County Departments suggests that its future location be in
closer proximity to these offices.
PUBLIC LIBRARY .., The Salina Public Library was
constructed in 1903 with funds received from an Andrew
Carnegie Grant. It is located two blocks west of the core
of the Central Business District, on the southwest corner
of Iron Avenue and Eighth Street. The structure was
enlarged in 1928 to 14,000 square feet, its present size.
The building provides about one-half the space required
for a city of 40,000 persons. It is ironic that during the 36
year period since the last and only major library expansion,
that the City has increased over 100 % in population, added
several million dollars in capital expenditures, yet it has
not seen fit to make more than minor improvements to its
majo~ cultural asset, the Public Library. The 61 year old
structure is older than the City Hall, Police Station and
the County Court House.
The number of book titles was 71,734 in 1962 and 78,069
in 1963. About 6,509 titles were added in 1963 and 7,000
are estimated to be added in 1964. The library, currently,
adds as many titles annually as does the Denver Public
Library. The circulation decreased from 218,377 volumes in
1962 to 210,372 volumes in 1963 while total city population
decreased about 2,400 during the same period. Registered
borrowers increased during these same two years from
6,514 to 6,738. The yearly circulation of five books per
capita is four books short of the nine books per capita
recommended by the Volume, Seating, and Circulation
formula of the National Library Association.
The present library site does not provide ample space for a
new library, however, its location with respect to the Central
Business District is highly desirable. A new library,
according to recognized library standards, should provide
about 40,000 square feet of usable space. Ample parking
space should be provided on-site, or a location should be
selected to utilize space in an adjacent public parking lot.
69
FIRE STATIONS... There are two fire stations in Salina.
The Central Fire Station is located at the corner of Seventh
and Elm and a second station is located at South Santa Fe
and Minneapolis Avenues. The Salina Fire Department is
classified as a 5th class department by the Kansas
Inspection Bureau and has the following pieces of fire
equipment: one aerial ladder truck with 750 gp m pump and
1,500 feet of hose, one 1,000 gpm pump truck with 1,800
feet of hose, two 500 g p m pump trucks each with 2,000 feet
of hose, one 750 g P m pump truck with 2,000 feet of hose,
one 1,300 g pm pump truck, one Squad Wagon with 300 g pm
pump used for grass fires and county calls, one hose wagon,
one auxilliary pumper, and two station wagons.
In addition to the above pieces of fire equipment, the
department has portable electric generators, portable pump,
high pressure air compressor and many other items of
emergency equipment.
From 1938 to 1963 there was $ 2,539,873 in fire loss and
during this period the department made 12,332 runs. The
largest fire loss occurred in 1959 and amounted to $419,829.
The main fire station has a coverage area extending 2 Y2
miles in any direction from its location near the Central
Business District; including all of the high - value dis trict
and approximately % of the developed area of the City. Fire
Station Number 2 serves as a back - up for. the Central
Station and also has a coverage area of nearly % of the
en tire City.
As the City grows to the south and east, the need is being
created for two additional stations to maintain the current
level of service and protection in these new areas. A third
station may soon be needed near the interchange of Interstate
70 and US - 81 as continued commercial development
occurs in this area. Fire runs to service this northern area
are made from the Central Station and, if Ninth Street and
Santa Fe Avenue are blocked by trains, equipment would
have to be routed via North Broadway, increasing the length
and time of the run and decreasing the standard of service
provided.
70
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COUNTY COURT HOUSE ... The Saline County Court
House, located at Ash and Ninth Streets, was constructed
in 1910. The following is an inventory of existing and
estimated space requirements for the departments housed:
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ADDITIONAL FUTURE I
EXISTING SPACE ADDITIONAL
DEPARTMENT SPACE NEEDED NOW SPACE
DISTRICT COURTS 3900 1300 5000 I
TREASURER & VEHICLE 1600 700
PROBATE JUDGE 1500 1200 2700
CLERK OF DIST. COURT 1330 1500 1400 I
REGISTER OF DEEDS 1020 700 600
COUNTY ENGINEER 960 300 300
COUNTY CLERK 900 200 300
WEED CONTROL 880 I
COUNTY SUPERINTENDENT
OF SCHOOLS 480 100
COMMISSIONERS 450 200 I
ASSESSOR 430 100 200
PHOTOSTAT 420
CORONER * 300
WELFARE * 3600 900 I
COUNTY ATTORNEY * 200
TOTALS (SQUARE FEET) 13770 10400 11400 I
* Departments located in other bui Idings, which should probably be located
in Court House. I
The following is an analysis of public patronage of the Court
House and an indication of the departments which generate
most public patronage:
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PUBLIC USE-COUNTY DEPARTMENTS
I
DEPARTMENT
NUMBER OF DAILY VISITORS FLOOR VISITED I
MIN. MAX. 1ST 2N D 3RD
50 700 X
less than 50 500 X I
les s than 50 150 + X
les s than 50 100 X
100 X I
50 X
50 X
less than 50 X I
les s than 50 X
les s than 50 X
less than 50 X I
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VEHICLE
TREASURER
CLERK OF COURT
PROBATE JUDGE
COUNTY CLERK
WELFARE
COMMISSIONERS
REGISTER OF DEEDS
WEED
COUNTY
SUPERINTENDENT
COUNTY ENGINEER
r.
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The foregoing analysis indicates that most County Depart-
ments now housed in the Court House are in need of
additional space. The study of public use of the building
indicates that the second floor of the Court House receives
the greatest amount of public use and that future office
space for these activities should have a first floor location
or that elevators be provided.
A number of county offices are located outside of the Court
House; Coroner, Welfare, County Attorney and the County
Agricultural Extension Council offices. The County Coroner
now operates from his private place of business. There is
no storage space available for records, evidence, or personal
effects of the deceased. Borrowed space for these purposes
is now used; scattered in various locations about town. A
room for holding inquests is needed, but is not now available.
In January 1965, State Law will require the Coroner to be
a Pathologist. The new law will be administered on a four
county basis.
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The County Welfare Department is in a separate building
located across the street from the Court House. The location
is not a particular disadvantage and, in fact, may be of some
advantage in that it affords a degree of privacy and
confidential treatment to Welfare clients visiting the office.
The present activities of the Department are divided
between two floors. Efficiency would be improved if the
entire department were on one floor. The existing building
is not suited to flexibility of use or changes in arrangement.
The Department needs flexible and expandable space.
The following is an indication of existing and future space
requirements:
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Gross Area of Existing Building
Estimated Office Area
Additional Office Space Required
4,200 Sq. Ft.
3,400 Sq. Ft.
200 Sq. Ft.
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The offices of the County Extension Agent are now located
in the Post Office Building on the second floor. It is
important that they be located close to the Soil Conservation
Service, the Farmers Home Administration and the Agricul-
tural Stabilization Conservation Service. They are presently
located in close proximity to all agencies except the latter.
The" Extension Service" is a County-funded organization.
The other agencies are operated with United States
Government funds.
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It is anticipated that within five to ten years, the Post
Office, or the other Federal offices will need space, and
the" Extension Office" and, later on, the other Agricultural
agencies will have to move. At such time it would be
desirable for all of the four agencies to be housed in a
common building, and, since the "Extension Office" is a
County- funded operation, it would perhaps be desirable
to locate it within a government building c:omplex.
CIVIL DEFENSE OFFICES. .. The offices of Civil Defense
are located in the Memorial Hall Building. The operation
of this office is a joint City and County function. The
Department is presently short of office and storage space.
The activities of this department will probably vary in future
years and will need space that will allow considerable
flexibility in operation.
CIVIC CENTER ... The foregoing information indicates
that many of the government buildings of the City of Salina
and of Saline County are obsolescent and lack adequate
space for efficient conduct of government business. The
scattered locations of these buildings contributes to
inefficiency and to the lack of convenience for the public
and for government officials in transacting daily business
and operating the various City and County departments.
It is obvious that both government agencies will soon have
to rebuild and expand existing buildings or acquire sites
and cons truct new buildings. A government building center
is recommended as the most desirable solution to this
problem.
The construction of a CIVIC center is not a new proposal.
The 1951 City Plan and the 1955 Planning Report strongly
recommended a governmental building complex. The
"Interim Community Facilities Planning Report" of July,
1963, prepared as a part of the current planning program,
recommended a joint City Hall- Court House and suggested
the need for a complete study of all governmental building
needs. A three phase report was authorized by City and
County as a result of this suggestion and a detailed study
entitled "A Governmental Center for Saline County and
Salina, Kansas" was delivered in May, 1964; excerpts from
Phase III are included as an Appendix which follows Section
3 of this City Plan.
71
PARKS AND RECREATION
The purpose ofthis part of the Salina City Plan is to analyze
the adequacy of the park system and to prepare a plan to be
used as a general guide in developing future parks and
recreation areas in the next twenty years. A park system
does not lend itself to ready analysis from a quantitative
standpoint. Standards are changing to meet increasing
recreation demands and varying activities of a population
that has more leisure time than ever before and seeks both
passive and strenuous recreation activities.
A first step in developing a recreation plan and program is
an inventory of all existing recreation and park facilities;
second, establish specific standards for these facilities;
third, relate standards to existing facilities and determine
the adequacy or deficiencies of the existing park and
recreation system and; fourth, formulate a plan and program
to serve the expected population growth for the planning
period. The plan will indicate the size, location, and
general function of the proposed facilities.
It is indicative that a recreation program should be broad
in scope providing places where people may meet face to
face, enjoy leisure activities, engage in strenuous sports or
sit and contemplate nature. Recreation is multi-faceted;
to one individual it may mean sitting on a park bench reading
a newspaper, to others; bowling, a drive on a well-designed
highway, a visit to a commercial recreation center, playing
baseball, a walk through the park, painting a picture, building
a model, conversation or any number of activities giving a
sense of accomplishment or a feeling of well- being to the
indi vidual participant.
The demand for recreation space brought on by increasing
incomes, greater mobility and more leisure time has severely
burdened park and recreation facilities.' Paralleling this
demand is the greater amount of land being devoted to other
urban purposes which has continually diminished available
open space. Rising land costs have further slowed the
development of new parks.
72
--,
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STANDARDS ... Certain general standards apply to all
recreation areas. Parks and recreation areas should be
designed to accommodate a varying range of acti vities suited
to different age groups. Where it is possible, intense
activity areas and passive areas should be separate units;
however, this is not always possible and economic use of
land and the existing configuration of urban development
may dictate that. they be combined on one site.
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The park or recreation site should be readily accessible to
the user. The age of the user will generally determine the
service radius of a park or playground. A radius of one-half
mile has been generally accepted as the service area for a
neighborhood park or playground. This places the facility
within easy walking distance for younger children and older
adults. The service area will usually encompass one
neighborhood. The park or play area should be sufficient
in size to accommodate the recreational needs of the
population to be served, and influenced by the density of
the development. The service area varies with the kind of
park and the intensity of use. The standard service area for
a large park or athletic field might be within easy reach by
public transportation or by private automobile while that of
a play -lot may be one-quarter mile walking distance.
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Various published standards 1 indicate the acceptable
standard for various types of parks and recreation areas. A
discussion of these kinds of facilities is presented to
provide insight into the complexity and diversity of a
desirable park system.
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PLA YGROUND ... Age group from 5 to 15 years.
Facilities: open space for informal play, space for tennis,
softball, hand ball and volley ball. Areas for older persons
should provide for games such as bowling, croquet, horseshoe
and shuffleboard. The list of facilities is not all inc1usiv~
and should be varied to suit the neighborhood requirements.
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7 Planning the Neighborhood, the American Public Health Asso-
ciation Committee on the Hygiene of Housing, 1960.
Local Planning Administration, 3 rd Edition, 7959, The
International City Managers' Association.
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II
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The size of a playground may range from three to seven
acres depending on the neighborhood density. A desirable
minimum is five acres. The playground location should be
as near the center of a neighborhood as possible and
preferably, adjacent to or a part of an elementary school
grounds. Travel distance should be one-quarter to one-half
mile, depending on the neighborhood density. It should
serve a population of 3,000 ,to 4,000. Landscaped buffers
and night -lighting should be provided.
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NEIGHBORHOOD PARK... The function of the neighbor-
hood park is to provide open landscaped areas for passive
recreation. A great deal of emphasis should be placed on
the design and use of architectural and plant material.
Facilities which are essential to this kind of park include
open lawn areas, shrubbery, trees, benches, walks, flower
beds, pools and sitting areas. Picnic facilities and play
areas may be provided depending on the park size.
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This kind of park serves all age groups and should be
located near the center of the neighborhood; serving from
4,000 to 7,000 persons. Its size should not be smaller than
2 Y2 acres. Five to seven acres is desirable, however, this
will vary depending on the density of population. In low
density areas, one of these parks may serve two or more
neighborhoods. Ideal travel distance should be maintained
at one-half mile.
The neighborhood park, playground and elementary school
site can often be combined, advantageously, in new areas
to be developed or early in the development stages. In
these areas it is important to reserve appropriate amounts
of land for park and recreation functions. Other than by
outright purchase, the legal mechanics of acquiring such
areas are less than desirable from the public viewpoint.
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A THLETIC FIELD '" The functions of this facility is to
provide a place for field games involving larger groups of
people; in a sense it is a sports field. Space must be
provided for field games such as baseball, softball, football,
field hockey, soccer, volley ball, and for tennis, archery,
shuffleboard, horseshoe, bowling and croquet.
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This facility may also include a swimming pool, outdoor
theater and a band shell. Ample seating capacity and
parking space must be provided. The area should be well
lighted for nighttime use. Landscaped buffers should be
arranged to reduce noise and light glare. Space for
picnicking may be desirable.
The athletic field accommodates age groups from 15 years
through older adults, or the entire family group. The size
may vary from 12 to 25 acres. Travel distance for this
facility should not be greater than twenty minutes by public
transportation and it should serve a population of 15,000 to
20,000 persons.
RECREATION CENTER ... The recreation center is a
facility located in a junior or senior high school; providing
space for art and craft shops, club rooms, classrooms and
meeting rooms. These are multi-purpose centers and provide
the necessary flexibility in the overall recreation program.
If space for the recreation center cannot be provided in a
public building, such as a school, a separate structure
should be constructed to house these activities. When a
separate building is necessary, it should be located in a
park or, preferably, a playground. It might also be con-
structed on an elementary school site and serve as a
multi-purpose room for the school.
One of these centers will serve approximately five neigh-
borhoods, or about 20,000 persons. Travel to the center
ranges from one-half to one mile and within twenty minutes
travel distance by public transportation.
LARGE PARKS ... The function of the large park is to
provide the urbanite a place to come in contact with natural
surroundings. This kind of park should be located to take
advantage of topography, woods, streams and other natural
features. It should be flexible; providing facilities for all
age groups. There should be space for picnicking, boating,
swimming, winter sports, day camps, bridle paths and areas
for active play. Some large parks may contain a zoo or
botan ical garden. Roadways should be held to a minimum.
The area for this kind of park is 100 or more acres. In an
effort to preserve smaller natural areas and to incorporate
them into a park system, smaller acreages may be desirable.
A large park will serve 40,000 or more people; dependent
upon the extent that other recreation area is provided in the
form of golf courses and similar open space. The location
should be within a distance of 30 to 60 minutes by public
transporta tion.
73
RESERV ATIONS ... The standard for this type of open
space is extremely flexible. These areas are usually owned
by a government agency. It is important that these areas
be kept in a natural state. Their function is to preserve
some outstanding natural feature such as vegetation, terrain,
streams or lakes. Nature study, overnight camping, and
fishing are activities that may be accommodated. The
reserve may contain several thousand acres and is usually
outside the urban area. Regardless of size, a reserve may
be established to preserve, protect and maintain existing
natural areas in or around a community.
The golf course is treated as a special recreation area.
Normally in the smaller communities, the golf course has
been developed by a private organization. The increasing
popularity of the sport has created a demand for municipally
owned facilities. A minimum size, nine - hole course can
be developed on 50 to 90 acres of land. A desirable size
for an 18 - hole course is 160 to 180 acres. The complexity
and design of a golf course is such that it must be the
subject of special study before a location is chosen.
SALINA PARK SYSTEM. . . The City of Salina park system
began developing in 1900. The first park, Oakdale, was
donated to Saline County by the J. R. Geis estate. The
City acquired two additional parks in the 1920's; Sunset
Park, donated by the Anderson Realty Company and Kenwood
Park which was purchased by the City. Thomas Park was
purchased about 1938 from the St. John's Military Academy.
These parks were not extensively improved until 1934 when
the City and the Public Works Administration (W. P. A. )
undertook a joint improvement program. In carrying out the
program, landscape plans were prepared for the parks and
plantings made. The results of this program are evident
when one views the outstanding ornamental gardens, trees,
and shrub plantings in Sunset and Oakdale Parks.
Indian Rock Park is the most recent addition to the park
system; purchased about 1956. A part of this park is within
the floodway of the Smoky Hill River. Other than a concrete
drive, no extensive improvement has been made by the City.
A shelter house is being constructed by the Junior Chamber
of Commerce and, when completed, this improvement will
be donated to the City.
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The Park Department is responsible for the operation and
maintenance of the park system. A superintendent, six
permanent employees and eight summer employees conduct
the necessary maintenance, gardening and repair work. The
annual budget for maintenance of the system is $ 60,000.
Responsibility for acquisition, development, regulating use
of, and directing park operations rests with the City
Commission and its administrator, the City Manager. The
City Commission has authority to accept gifts or dedications
of land for park purposes.
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The Salina City Plan of 1951 proposed that the City should
ultimately have 568 acres of parks. The plan proposed
several neighborhood parks located to serve the entire City,
and a large park which extended east from Kenwood Park to
the Smoky Hill River, between Greely and Crawford A venues.
Indian Rock Park is a part of this proposal. The extension
of Sunset Park to the south, which has been completed, was
also proposed in this plan. The plan proposed an adequate
park system but the rapid growth of the past decade has
depleted available land making it impossible to complete
the park system that was proposed.
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The park system presently consists of 310 acres of land in
12 parcels ranging in size from one acre to 130 acres. The
majority of the park acreage is concentrated in three large
parks; Oakdale, Kenwood, and Indian Rock which are
centrally located within the City. Their close proximity to
each other constitutes a relatively poor distribution of park
land with respect to the population served. However, since
these parks are located to take advantage of a number of
natural features, are easily accessible, and are intensively
used, the disadvantages of their location with respect to
population served are more than offset.
Sunset Park, located in the southwest park of the City, most
nearly attains the standards of a neighborhood park and
playground. This park contains 25.8 acres. It includes
ornamental areas, picnic areas, tennis courts and lighted
ball diamonds. There are 4,500 persons living within a
one - mile service area from this park, or 170 persons per
acre of park; an extremely low ratio of park land to
population served. This outstanding park is an asset to
the City as well as to the neighborhood.
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The seven miles of the Smoky Hill River which loop through
the City has considerable potential for water - oriented
recreation use. The stream, which was cut off by the
floodway, runs from a new inlet in Indian Rock Park through
Kenwood and Oakdale Parks swinging in a wide arc to the
north and east where it rejoins the floodway near the
Country Club. The river is a major source of water for the
City. Since construction of the floodway and diversion
of flood waters, this loop in the river is no longer flushed
clean during periods of heavy run - off and silt is being
deposited at a rapid rate.
The rate of silting could be reduced and the all important
water supply improved by dredging the stream and under-
taking erosion control measures along its banks throughout
the length of the loop. The silt removed would be salable
and could be sold to recover part of the improvement cost.
The improved and deepened stream bed would provide
greater water storage capacity. Stocked with fish it would
provide passive recreation for all age groups. Canoeing
and row boats would further enhance the recreational
potential.
There are two parks within the present system that are
unimproved. A small park, not named, located at Crawford
and Second Street, has 4.1 acres of useable land. There
are 4,500 persons within the one - mile service area of this
park. A sizeable portion of this population resides in an
area of multiple - family dwellings. This park, if improved,
would provide for the playground needs of this area. A
second unimproved park is located at the east end of Pawnee
Street, in the southwest part of the City. It contains
approximately two acres and is triangular shaped. One side
of the park is bordered by a major arterial street carrying
large volumes of traffic, a second side is formed by the rear
lot line of a block of houses facing another street. The park
is accessible from only one direction and is located at the
side of a neighborhood rather than the desired central
location with respect to service area. Because of its poor
configuration, size, and location it would be difficult to
improve this area as a useful park or playground.
It would appear that small parks have been acquired when
and whenever land became available, either through
dedication or by other means. This has resulted in a series
of small parks which do not efficiently serve neighborhood
needs.
75
The accompanying table is an inventory of the existing
parks and facilities. This table lists the acreage, the
number and the kinds of facilities found in each park. The
table indicates that improvements and facilities are largely
concentrated in three parks - Oakdale, Kenwood and Sunset.
RECREATION PROGRAM ... The existing recreational
facilities provided in the park system, school grounds and
other public private buildings are used extensively by the
Salina Recreation Commission in conducting a year - round
recreation program.
The Recreation Commission has five members; two are
appointed by the School Board, two by the City Commission
and one by the other four members. The Commission was
organized in 1947. A full time director is employed to
assist in planning and administrating a year -round program
for all age groups. The Commission's policy is stated as
follows: ii Your Department of Recreation was founded on
the basic assumption that every child in America deserves
a place to play in safety and that every person, young and
old, should have an opportunity for the best and most
satisfying use of this expanding leisure time. It shall
continue to work toward these ends. "
The 1963 budget for conducting the program was $ 59,000
or 0.954 mills; about $1.44 per capita.
Attendance records kept for playground and other activities
serve to illustrate the success and usefulness of the
program. The following tabulation presents data on
attendance at various activities in 1962 and 1963.
ACTIVITY
ATTENDANCE
1962 1963
70,320 91,784
47,333 51,553
61,621 66,230
14,999 15,555
194,273 225,122
PLAYGROUND
SPECIAL ACTIVITIES
OTHER ACTIVITIES
BASEBALL - SOFTBALL
TOTALS
The overall recreation program includes a wide variety of
leisure time activities. They may be classified generally
in to these groups - arts and crafts, music, dramatics, and
athletics.
76
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INVENTORY OF
EXISTING PARKS AND FACiliTIES
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NAME OF PARK
0~
~~
0~
~
,~ ",'
,,~ 0~
'>~ \.
/.0 ~'" ~'"
'< 0 0
o ~ ~ I
,~ <?v <?'Q' ,,'" -
~t- ~ ~ 0 v~
/1..' ~ ,~",O 0'
()-..- ~' ~ \."" "
THOMAS
15.0
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18
5
3
PARK (NORTH Be BROADWAY)
1.2
2
CARVER
3.1
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4
RIVERSIDE
2.1
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5
PARK (ASH Be BROADWAY)
1.2
3
PARK (COUNTRY CLUB)
1.0
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OAKDALE
45.0
3
85
8
6
KENWOOD
80.0
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28
5
4
INDIAN ROCK
130.0
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PARK (CRAWFORD Be 2ND ST.)
4.1
SUNSET
25.8
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60
9
9
3
PARK (EAST END OF PAWNEE 1
1.9
*2500 Seating Capacity.
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The program of winter activities includes:
I'
TENNIS. MOVIES. SUPERVISED PICNICS. HANDICAPPED CHILDRENS'
PROGRAM. CHRISTMAS PROGRAMS. FREE SANTA UNIT RENTAL.
SQUARE DANCING. CRAFTS. BASEBALL. JOLLY MIXERS. GOLDEN
YEARS CLUB. SCHOOL PLAY DAYS. GUN CLUBS. SCHOOL PLAY
DAYS
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The program of summer activities includes:
PLAYGROUND. TENNIS. SWIMMING. DAY CAMP. OVER -NIGHT
CAMP . PHYSICAL FITNESS TOURNAMENT . MOVIES. HORSESHOE
TOURNAMENT . SUPERVISED PARTIES. HANDICAPPED CHILDRENS'
. .
PROGRAM. SQUARE DANCING. JOLLY MIXERS. GOLDEN YEARS
CLUB. BASEBALL. CRAFTS. ARCHERY. FLIGHT MASTERS CLUB
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TENNIS
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DIAMONDS
PLAY EQUIPMENT
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Special programs .... Hootenany, talent shows, assisting
other private organizations with programs and assisting in
civic functions.
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The Recreation Department has four full-time employees
and uses 254 part-time employees; of these 110 are
playground officials and 60 are umpires. There are approx-
imately 300 volunteers who assist with the program and
receive no pay. The Department owns no buildings or
grounds but uses City parks, school grounds, and other
public and private buildings to conduct its activities. Some
equipment is owned by the Department; this includes
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OTHER FEATURES
WOODED AREAS
2
MUSEUM, ORNAMENTAL GARDEN,
WOODED AREAS.
FAIR GROUNDS, STADIUM, PAVILION,
BARNS.
SHELTER UNDER CONSTRUCTION,
SCENIC VIEW.
UNIMPROVED.
ORNAMENTAL GARDEN, TREES,
SH RU BBERY, PERGO LA.
UNIMPROVED.
bleachers seating 3,000, a variety of play equipment,
basketball goals, backs tops, and box hockey on school
areas. Other areas used include 11 lighted baseball and
softball areas, several lighted tennis courts and the public
swimming pools.
The Department issues a Recreation Directory which lists
more than sixty activities and organizations which further
enhance the recreational outlets in the community. The
Recreation Department plans to broaden its scope of
activities for gids and women in tennis and swimming. It
also plans some development in Indian Rock Park and the
construction of an artifical ice rink.
77
PROPOSED PARK PLAN. .. The proposed new parks are
shown on the map titled "PLAYGROUND AND PARK
PLAN". The plan proposes that approximately 490 acres
be added to the existing 310 acre park system. It is an
objective of the plan to provide a neighborhood park or
playground of sufficient size to serve the population within
one-half mile walking distance; or service areas one mile
in diameter. The plan indicates the service area of each of
the existing parks based on the stated objective. The
existing park system would only serve 55,000 of the
forecasted population of 72,000, with playgrounds and would
only serve 22,000 persons of the forecasted population with
a neighborhood park. The plan indicates the present areas
that are deficient in recreation space. Presently there is
no deficiency in large parks such as Oakdale, Kenwood and
Indian Rock.
The suggested plan reduces the deficiency in park service
by utilizing 43 acres of school playground in the 15 existing
neighborhoods, and by the addition of neighborhood parks
in the Hawthorne, Sunset and Kennedy School districts. The
plan assumes that the sites of South Park and Phillips
Elementary Schools will be retained as playgrounds when
the schools are abandoned.
A park and a playground are proposed for each of the new
neighborhoods indicated on the" NEIGHBORHOOD DEVEL-
o PMENT PLAN". It is strongly recommended that a park
be developed as a part of the elementary school site in each
of the new neighborhoods. The joint use of school sites
to provide a neighborhood park and a playground reduces
the need to duplicate facilities, enhances the school and
park as the focal point of the neighborhood and results in
economy of land. Neighborhood parks, proposed in the
Meadow Lark and the future E -1 Neighborhoods, could
utilize land at the ends of the clear zones of the Municipal
Airport. In each of the clear zones, the rolling land and
drainage courses provide sites for interesting park develop-
ment.
The plan also proposes a large park, a golf course, nature
trails, and the use of airport land and of abandoned sand
pits for special recreation areas. A large park is proposed
inside a loop formed by the flood control project cut-off of
the Smoky Hill River. This particular area, which is located
at the east end of Albert Avenue, has previously been
proposed as a part of the park development program of the
City. The area contains about thirty acres and is partially
78
wooded. It would serve the south half of the City and, when
improved, would reduce the extremely heavy use of Oakdale,
Sunset, and Kenwood Parks.
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A part of the Municipal Airport site should be developed for
recreational purposes. There are approximately 72 acres of
land on the west side of the site that could be utilized
without affecting the safe operation of aircraft or public
safety. The area is sufficient to develop a nine - hole golf
course or an 18 - hole chip - and - putt course. The shape
of the available area is rather irregular; however, a skillful
layout could provide a good nine - hole course. Additional
private land could be purchased to the west of the site, if
found advisable, to obtain an effective playing area. The
use of the area would meet the growing demand for a public
golf course.
An additional 160 acres of land has been provided in the
plan for a standard 18 - hole golf course. A specific site
has not been recommended for this course because the
development of the facility is complex enough to warrant a
specific site study.
Special park areas are provided in the plan to give it
flexibility and to assure the public widely diversified
recreational facilities. The opportunity for a water oriented
facility exists in close proximity to the Salina urban area
through use of an abandoned sand pit, or one that will soon
be worked out. A site of 80 acres is suggested in the plan.
This site is not mapped because some selectivity can be
exercised in choice of location.
The plan proposes that two trails be developed for hiking,
horseback riding, bicycle riding, and nature study. One of
these trails is two miles long beginning in the small unnamed
park at Second and Crawford and terminating at Cloud Street
near St. Mary's Catholic School. The trail would follow a
natural drainage course running through neighborhoods in
this part of the City. The second trail would begin at
Kenwood Park and extend approximately 1 ~ miles east to
Indian Rock Park. The trail would utilize the wooded area
on the north side of the Smoky Hill River as far east as
Ohio Street, there it would continue east, between Elmhurst
Boulevard and the Smoky Hill River, to Indian Rock Park.
Foot bridges would be necessary to connect each end of
the trail with the two parks. This trail would prove ideal
for nature study and hiking. Developing the trails may
necessitate taking and improving easements across a few
parcels of property.
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A tabulation of the location, size and function of each kind
of park in the proposed plan is presented in the following
ta ble .
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PROPOSED PARK PLAN
Location, Size and Function of Park
Areas in Acres
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TOTAL
EXISTING PARKS AND
NEIGHBORHOODS PLAYGROUND PARKS PLAYGROUND
HAWTHORNE 3.5 0.8 4.3
PHILLIPS 1.30 0.0 1.3
OAKDALE 3.40 0.0 3.4
WHITTIER 1. 70 0.0 1.7
BARLETT 0.70 0.0 0.7
GLENIFFER HI L L 2.50 0.0 2.5
MEADOW LARK 5.10 2.5 7.6
SOUTH PARK 1.70 0.0 1.7
SUNSET 5.00 2.5 7.5
FRANKLIN & LOWELL 1. 90 18.0b 19.9
HUESNER 5.00 4.6b 9.6
HAGEMAN 4.00 7.8 11.8
KENNEDY 5.00 2.5 7.5
STEWART 6.00 3.5 9.5
KEY ACRES 4.3 5.7 10.0
- - -
SUBTOTALS 51. 1 47.9 99.0
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FUTURE NEIGHBORHOODS
E - 1 4.0 2.5 6.5
E - 2 4.0 3.0 7.0
E - 3 3.0 2.0 5.0
E - 4 1.5 1.0 2.5
S - 1 5.0 14.0c 19.0
S - 2 4.0 3.0 7.0
S - 3 2.0 1.0 3.0
S - 4 2.0 1.0 3.0
-
SUBTOTALS 25.5 27.5 53.0
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SPECIAL AREAS
LARGE PARK - NEIGHBORHOOD S - 1 80.0
TRAILS 16.0
GOLF COURSE - 18 - HOLE 160.0
"CHIP & PUTT" - NEIGHBORHOOD E-l 72.0
WATER FACILITY - SAND PIT 80.0
SUBTOTAL - SPECIAL AREAS 408.0
GRAND TOTALS 76.6 75.4 560.0
o Existing School Site b Existing Park Acreage
c Three Acres Assigned to Make up Deficiency in Huesner
Neighborhood
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The proposed park plan is the basis for a system of parks
to be developed in the planning period. Implementation of
the plan for playground and parks will require the adoption
of the Park Plan as part of the Comprehensive City Plan
and establishment of policies which will favor such
implementation. City officials and the School Board should
seek areas in which they can most effectively cooperate to
provide adequately sized combination neighborhood park
and school sites. These governmental bodies should
institute methods for joint acquisition, improvement and
maintenance of such areas. . The City should use the
Comprehensive Plan as its guide in approving the subdivision
of land; and adopt policies which would assure the
reservation of appropriate school and park sites at reason-
able costs. Detailed plans and programs for constructing
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new parks and providing improvements in older unimproved
parks should be prepared. Some park improvements are
urgently needed now, some areas should be acquired and
improved now. The following priority list is suggested to
provide a basis for implementing a park and recreation
program.
. Large Park - Plan and construct the proposed park
at the east end of Albert Avenue.
. Airport Golf Course - Plan and .construct.
· Neighborhood Park - Acquire land, plan and construct
park and playground in Sunset School Neighborhood.
· Create a school site selection and development
committee representing the School Board, the
Recreation Department, and the City to coordinate
the proposed use of school sites as parts of park
system.
· Investigate potentials of all sand pits adjacent to
City, acquire selected site, plan and develop as
water - oriented facility.
. Indian Rock Park - Prepare and complete an overall
plan and improvement program.
· Plan and construct artificial ice skating rink.
. Trails - Acquire appropriate land easements, plan
and construct the trails proposed; coordinated with
the subdivision of adjacent vacant land.
The suggested initial program outlined above provides a
nucleus for the long - term plan. The initial program should
be implemented early in the ten -year capital improvement
program.
The success of the Park Plan will in many ways be
dependen t upon the landowners and the sub - dividers of
the areas that will be platted and added to the City in the
future. Every effort should be made to encourage these
individuals to investigate the desirability of cooperative
action between themselves to reserve adequate and
well-located areas for recreational purposes . Voluntary
dedication of such lands most often results in monetary
gains through increased desirability and increased market
value of the residential lots in the surrounding area. The
Planning Commission offers assistance in the coordination
and planning of dedications of public open areas.
79
T' , "/ I I I
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'~Jt{?~f(,~J~,k.~b K PLAN
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PARK SERVICE AREA BOUNDARY
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tlLSON
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WATER SYSTEM
Engineering studies have been prepared on several occasions
during the past years to survey the municipal water system
and outline necessary improvements. These studies have
included long - range forecasts of system load and condition.
Bucher and Willis prepared a water distribution system
study in 1964 which surveyed the existing distribution
system and outlined proposed improvements in the elevated
storage and distribution system piping.
Wilson and Company prepared a study in 1963 which resulted
in increasing filter plant capacity at the water treatment
plant. This study also contained projections of production
and consumption of water during the next two decades.
An average consumption of 14.7 million gallons per day is
anticipated in 1985.
The long - range projection for water supply includes 10
million gallons per day from the Smoky Hill River, 7 million
gallons per day from the existing local well field, and 7
million gallons per day from a proposed well field located
north of Salina; for a total of 24 million gallons per day.
Also recommended is a pipeline from Kanopolis Reservoir
to augment the supply.
Water treatment plant capacity has been increased to 24
million gallons per day at the filter plant; about 16 million
gallons per day capacity in primary softening, and 12
million gallons per day in secondary settling capacity.
The plant is capable of desilting 10 million gallons per
day of raw river water, and has a calcining plant large
enough to recover the lime needed to produce 24 million
gallons per day. Recarbonation capacity is 24 million
gallons per day. The plant has 27,250 gpm of nominal
high - service pump capability; pumping out of 3 million
gallons of underground storage into 2.5 million gallons of
elevated storage. The plant is of modern design and
provides premium treatment to a raw water of below average
quality.
The existing local well field is located throughout the
City proper, and has evidenced considerable drawdown
during past drought periods. Present policy is to use this
source as a standby to conserve the natural underground
water supply for emergency use, and to rely on the Smoky
Hill River for as much as possible of the normal supply.
83
The Salina water supply and the distribution system are
in excellent condition to meet the demands of future growth
of the City, providing planned expansions of water supply
and water treatment capacity are effected.
84
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SEWERAGE SYSTEM
The sanitary sewer system is a network of pipelines and
appurtenant structures which serve to convey the liquid
borne refuse of the City to the municipal treatment works.
The relative size of pipelines, pumping facilities and other
system structures and devices are a function of the
contributing population and commercial and industrial
activities. In general, the sewer system network follows
the drainage pattern of the watershed in which it is
constructed. However economic considerations and the
manner in which the system is developed sometimes disrupt
I
the general drainage pattern. As may be seen on the map
of the "Sewerage System", the watershed pattern is
evident, however, there are a number of pumping stations
required. This is due to the slope of the watershed being
less than the required gradient of the pipelines. Occasion-
ally as the pipeline nears the surface, a pumping station is
installed to permit the pipe to be constructed at a greater
depth and to extend the service to new areas. This situation
will predominate in all sewer construction in the valley
regions and will be of lesser magnitude in development in
the higher areas to the east.
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SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT
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CITY PlANNING
COMMISSION
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COM PANY
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PLA.NNING CONSUL. rANTS
The sanitary sewer system was examined and studied in
detail in the SEWERAGE STUDY FOR SALINA, KANSAS
by Wilson and Company, Engineers and Architects, as
published in August, 1960. Several recommendations for
immediate improvements to the system were made, and some
have been accomplished at this date. The primary improve-
ments have been to provide for relief of overloaded conditions
in the south and southwest portions of the City and to
provide a main interceptor sewer for development to the
south and to the east. With these improvements and
continued developments of pipelines, as shown in the 1960
STUDY, a basic system is available which will allow
expansion of the City to 65,000 persons with reasonable
allowances for additional commercial and industrial wastes.
One of the most serious problems covered in the STUDY,
and only minor areas of correction have been accomplished
to date, is the matter of combined sanitary and storm water
sewers. Much of the original sewer collection system was
designed to convey both sanitary and storm water to the
Smoky Hill River where it was discharged without treatment.
As the City grew, treatment of the sewage was necessitated.
Since storm water volume is many times greater than
maximum sewage flows, treatment facilities were designed
and cons tructed to treat only the sewage flow, and during
storm runoff periods the excess volume, which is grossly
polluted, is discharged to the river without treatment. This
practice continues today. The solution to this problem,
as detailed in the STUDY, was to construct new storm
sewers to convey storm water runoff separately from sewage.
The old combination system which now is, in general, too
small for the storm runoff would be left for sanitary service
only. The major problem areas are the downtown business
district and South Santa Fe A venue. There are approximately
thirty smaller areas requiring correction. In 1960 it was
estimated that an expenditure of $ 640,000 would be required
in a long - range program to effect the adequate separation
of the sewer system. The capital improvements program
for the next ten years should include most, if not all, of
the recommended separations.
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The 1960 SEWERAGE STUDY also recommended improvement
and enlargement of the sewage treatment facilities. This
project has been completed and the City now possesses a
modern treatment plant capable of providing adequate
treatment of the liquid wastes from a city of 65,000 persons,
and commercial and industrial liquid wastes of an equivalent
of an additional 40,000 persons. The treatment is accom-
plished in a two - stage high - rate trickling filter plant
with separate sludge digestion.
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STORM DRAINAGE SYSTEM .., The handling of storm
waters has been considerably improved in recent years
with the most important item of construction being the
recently completed flood levee works constructed with the
cooperation and assistance of the Corps of Engineers. A
number of improvements to the interior collection sys tem
have been suggested in consultant engineering studies and
in studies made by the City Engineer. The most important
of these recommendations are those involving the separation
of storm waters from the sanitary sewerage system. These
items should be handled as rapidly as finances are available
and in the order of priority as established in the Capital
Improvements Program.
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CEMETERY ... The Gypsum Hill Cemetery, which is a
municipal responsibility, will be filled within the next 8 to
10 years. There will be considerable number of open spaces
in family plots at the end of this time but such space rarely
becomes available, if ever. As of February 1964 there were
2048 unoccupied spaces. In the past ten or twelve years
the number of burials has averaged 150 per year. To date,
there has been no trend of yearly increases, probably
because of the influence of the private cemetery. It is
recommended that a new site be purchased and that
development plans be completed by 1970 so that the City
will be completely prepared for this eventuality.
QUASI-PUBLIC FACILITIES ... An evaluation of the
facilities made available to a community cannot overlook
the important quasi-public institutions and cultural
opportunities that are provided in any progressive and
growing community. The city government has no responsi-
bility for the planning and operation of these activities,
but it can, by cooperation and encouragement, make them
more successful. The religious needs of the community are
supplied by over 50 churches of many denominations. A
high percentage of these churches are new, or recently
expanded or modernized, testifying to the religious interests
of the citizens.
By virtue of two large hospitals, both currently in the
process of major expansion, Salina is the medical center
for much of central and wes tern Kansas. Over fifty
physicians and surgeons, including specialists in many
fields of medicine, staff these institutions and maintain
a number of excellent private clinics.
One daily "newspaper, four local radio stations, and one
local and four area television channels provide the important
communication elements of community life. Over a dozen
fraternal and social organizations have built large and
modern club buildings and a variety of related facilities
including two 18 - hole grass green golf courses, one indoor
and two outdoor swimming pools.
88
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TRANSPORTATION ELEMENT
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MAJOR THOROUGHFARES ... The primary purpose of a
system of major thoroughfares is to move people and goods
from one place to another in a safe and efficient manner.
The well- being of a community is, in many ways, propor-
tionate to how well its network of thoroughfares performs
this function.
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The last two decades have seen a startling growth in
vehicular ownership and usage. Most communities have
been unable to expand and improve their thoroughfare
systems rapidly enough to keep pace with this growth. The
result has been that many of these systems are now taxed
far beyond their original intended use. Traffic forecas ts
see no slackening in this growth in the foreseeable future.
It is imperative therefore, that a community expand and
improve its thoroughfare system as quickly as possible - not
only to handle the existing traffic volumes, but also those
of the future.
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The purpose of a transportation study is to prepare a
development plan for the major thoroughfare system of an
area which will serve existing traffic, and which will also
be adequate for future anticipated traffic loads. The
thoroughfare plan should be used asa guide to the orderly
expansion of the system so that it may better serve the
public.
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To develop such a plan for the Salina area, the City has
entered into an agreement with the State Highway Commis-
sion of Kansas, and the U. S. Dept. of Commerce, Bureau of
Public Roads, to complete a detailed Transportation Study.
This study is now being conducted, and when completed
will become an integral part of the Comprehensive City Plan
for the Salina community. The Transportation Study, based
on collected and forecasted traffic data, will make specific
recommendations and develop a Master Plan for the
thoroughfare system serving the area. This part of the City
Plan will, therefore, deal only with general concepts leaving
the more detailed analysis for the Transportation Study.
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SUMMARY OF EXTERNAL TRAFFIC
Kansas State Highway Commission 1963 Survey
ROADWAY LOCAL THROUGH TOTAL TRAFFIC
AUTO TRUCK TOTAL AUTO TRUCK TOTAL AUTO TRUCK TOTAL
US-81 NORTH 2370 815 3185 972 750 1722 3342 1565 4907
1-70 EAST 1158 395 1553 1366 246 1612 2524 641 3165
U 5 - 81 SO U T H 3097 966 4093 1166 793 1959 4263 1789 6052
U 5 - 40 W EST 1226 454 1680 1148 231 1379 2374 685 3059
US-40 EAST 1396 440 1836 108 56 164 1504 496 2000
OTHER APPROACHES 2068 1171 3209 92 87 179 2160 1228 3388
TOTAL 11315 4241 15556 4852 2163 7015 16167 6404 22571
EXTERNAL TRAFFIC ... Salina is presently served by
several major highways. They are US-81, north and south;
US - 40, east and west; and I -70 to the east. In the near
future, I -70 to the west and 1- 35 W to the south will be
opened to traffic. The community is indeed fortunate to
have a junction of two Interstate Routes adjacent to the
Ci ty. The full benefits have not yet been felt but the
undercurrents are already present. In order for the City to
make full use of this growth potential, it must make itself
as desirable as possible. One very important aspect of this
desirability will be the provision of a safe and efficient
internal thoroughfare system.
TRA FFIC VOLUMES '" A graphic presentation of the
"1963 TRAFFIC VOLUMES" has been included to
illustrate existing street usage. The highest observed
volumes are to be found on Ninth Street, Santa Fe Avenue,
US - 81 approaches, and on the Broadway (U S - 81) Bypass.
A comparison of the 1958 and 1963 traffic volumes reveals
some interesting shifts in the traffic patterns in the City.
The most significant increase in traffic volumes occurred
on Broadway between Republic and Ash Streets. There
were substantial increases in traffic volumes on east - west
streets such as Ash, State, Iron, South and Cloud during
this same period. These increases occurred even though
external highway approach traffic remained relatively stable.
The conclusion can then be drawn that the greater part of
these increased volumes were caused by internal traffic
shifts. It is apparent that the improvements to the bypass;
and the better east - west access to the core area, such as
the extension of South Street west to the bypass, have
attracted a large share of the north - south internal traffic
to Broadway.
The 1963 traffic survey conducted by the State Highway
Commission shows that there are approximately 22,600
vehicles per day entering or leaving the Salina area; 16,200
automobiles and 6,400 trucks. Sixty-nine percent of all
the vehicles have either an origin or a destination within
the community and the remaining 31 percent are through
vehicles; only 33 percent of the trucks are through vehicles.
Eighty-five percent of all the vehicles entering or leaving
the area are found on US - 81, US - 40, and I -70. The
table above lists the total average daily local and through
traffic by roadway and vehicle type.
The recent construction of Belmont Avenue and the
upgrading of Ohio Street have also had an effect on the
traffic patterns of the City. Ninth Street and Santa Fe
A venue traffic has remained relatively stable during this
period. The traffic increases which would have normally
occurred on these two streets have apparently been attracted
to Broadway or to Ohio Street.
Figures concerning internal trips are not yet available, but
will appear in the Transportation Study. Forecasts for
1985 internal and external trips will also appear in that
report.
89
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CENTRAL BUSINESS DISTRICT
Land use changes in the CBD area have caused some shifts
in the traffic patterns. The recent commercial development
on South Santa Fe Avenue, between Prescott and South St.
has resulted in a change in traffic volumes from 11,000
vehicles per day in 1958 to over 15,500 in 1963. The
conversion of 5th & 7th Streets to a one - way pair, has
had no great effect on the traffic volumes on these streets,
but has considerably improved the circulation characteris-
tics in the core area.
In summary, there has been an overall increase m
vehicle - miles, but, more significantly, Salina has experi-
enced a considerable shift in its traffic patterns since 1958.
Improvements to the perimeter arterials, such as Ohio
Street and Broadway, have done much to keep the central
portion of the City from experiencing senous traffic
overloads. This does not, of course, mean that Salina has
solved its traffic problems. The internal arterials, such as
Ninth, Cloud and Crawford, must be improved to provide
additional capacity in order to bring about a better balance
to the traffic patterns of the City.
PARKING. .. Salina is one of the few cities in the state
which has provided adequate parking facilities in its CBD
area. There are presently 1,100 on -street parking spaces
and 944 municipal off - street parking spaces in the downtown
core area. In addition, there are several private off - street
parking lots for customer parking.
The recent parking survey, conducted as part of the
Transportation Study, reveals that there are approximately
7,500 vehicles per day which park in the core area between
10 a. m. and 6 p. m. Six thousand use the on - street facilities
and 1,500 make use of the off - street parking lots. The
peak accumulation occurs at approximately 2 p. m., when
there are 750 vehicles parked on - street and 460 parked in
the municipal parking lots, for a total of 1,210 vehicles
parked in the CBD area.
A detailed report on space - hour usage, accumulation,
turn -over, revenue, etc., will be part of the Transportation
Study. It will suffice for this report to state that the parking
facilities in the Central Business District are adequate to
serve the present parking demand.
91
AIRPORT FACILITIES ... The Salina Municipal Airport
is an excellent example of the advantages and benefits of
a long-range planning program. The construction program
has been thoroughly planned and these plans have been
revised at regular intervals to assure full compliance with
changing standards established by aviation authorities.
The physical facilities of the airport are in excellent
condition. The facilities include a modern Administration
Building, a surfaced runway with accompanying taxiways,
and hangar space considered adequate for present usage.
Central Air Lines provides direct connections to Kansas
City, Wichita and Denver,scheduling nine flights a day. For
the years 1962 and 1963, approximately 18,000 passengers
arrived or embarked from the Salina Airport. In addition to
the regularly scheduled airline service, charter services
are available. There are presently 55 private planes based
at the airport. This number will increase as the community
expands, and as air travel becomes more popular.
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Even though Salina's Municipal Airport is a modern and
efficient operation, there are a few further improvements
which will receive increasing attention within the planning
period.
· There is a definite need for fire protection at the
airport. Under certain conditions, a joint facility
serving both the airport and adjacent City areas
can be established, with part of the cost borne by
the Federal Government through the FAA.
· The F A A has recommended the extension of the
existing north - south runway to 6,400 feet from the
present 6,000 feet.
· There is a need for the improvement and lengthening
of the NW-SE sod runway, with the possibility of
ultimately paving it. Such an improvement will
require the acquisition of additional easements.
· The need for a maintenance hangar to serve both
Salina - based and transient planes is presently
being resolved by action to construct a structure
for this important purpose.
· As the number of Salina - based planes increases,
there will be need for additional hangar space.
· With the climbing use of the Salina Airport by
commercial aircraft, air transport, home based and
transient planes, it is apparent there will soon be
need for a control tower. Under present F A A
regulations, if the landings and takeoffs total 24,000
a year, the F A A will construct a control tower
using 100 % federal funds. Salina's airport is
presently handling fewer than the required 24,000,
but recent totals are close enough to that figure to
warran t a tower in the next few years.
· The installation of an Instrument Landing System
should be considered in the long - range plan for
the airport. Such a system would increase the
usage of the airport.
Firms seeking new industrial and manufacturing sites are
placing increasing emphasis on the adequacy and conven-
ience of airport facilities in their evaluation of cities.
Salina would rank high in this important item in the long
list of industrial management requirements.
95
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IMPLEMENTING THE DEVELOPMENT PLAN
IMPLEMENTATION OF THE PLAN
After a plan has been developed the first logical question
that arises is how to proceed to bring actual city development
into accord with the proposals and policies stated in the
Comprehensive Plan. The principal means of putting a
plan into effect are; by adoption of appropriate regulations
to guide the development and the use of private property,
by providing the necessary public facilities and services
and other physical improvements, and by a program of public
education and citizen participation.
ZONING. .. Basically, zoning is the regulation of the use
of land and buildings. The zoning ordinance is probably
the most important tool that has been devised to guide the
growth of a community. The relationship between the land
use plan and the provisions of the zoning ordinance are not
understood by the public and, often as not, by those whom
must administer and interpret its provisions. Much of this
misunderstanding arises from the adoption of interim zoning
ordinances which are not fully related to the comprehensive
plan. Zoning ordinances developed in this manner tend to
freeze development into existing patterns and are not
instrumental in carrying out the intent of the comprehensive
land use plan. The original Salina Zoning Ordinance has
been amended and revised a number of times. In April, 1962,
the regulations were extensively modified and the present
Zoning Ordinance No. 6613 was adopted.
99
The Planning Commission recommends that the current
ordinance and district map should be carefully reviewed
and updated to conform to provisions of the City Plan.
Exclusive industrial zoning is one provision that is needed
to provide better protection for vacant industrial land and
there are a number of other important changes that should
be considered. The present Zoning Ordinance does not
conform to state law regarding provision for reconstruction
of non-conforming buildings. This provision, and the effect
it has on carrying out the intent of the plan, should be
carefully studied and revised in accordance with the
legislative act.
Provisions in the ordinance authorizing the Planning
Commission and / or the City Commission to request, at
their discretion, an economic feasibility study by a qualified
economis t as justification for rezoning additional business
and commercial areas not contiguous to existing business
and commercial districts have been suggested.
Land outside the present corporate limits is presently
zoned by Saline County. The County zoning resolution has
provided reasonable protection for areas adjacent to the
City, however, it should be carefully reviewed and revised
to correspond to the Comprehensive Plan for the City.
SUBDIVISION REGULATIONS... Subdivision regulation,
properly adminis tered, benefits both the community and the
subdivider. Realistic subdivision standards do not
discourage the legitimate subdivision and development of
land in and adjacent to the City. Salina has adopted
Subdivision Regulations prepared under the current" 701 "
planning program. These regulations should serve to guide
the growth of the City for a number of years but they should
be periodically reviewed, clarified, and expanded to fit the
goals established by the City Plan.
100
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HOUSING CODES ... Housing codes are a relatively new
regulatory instrument. As such, they serve a most important
part in the implementation of a plan for community growth.
Housing codes regulate housing of every type and prescribe
minimum conditions of space - per - occupant, sanitary
facilities, lighting, heating, and all of the' more important
aspects of a dwelling unit. They are made applicable for
all future housing as well as for all existing housing.
Properly administered, housing codes can be effective in
reducing the causes of blight. The Planning Commission
intends to investigate the advisability of adopting housing
codes which would be designed specifically for conditions
in Salina.
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BUILDING CODES. . . Building codes are a most important
tool to assure good community development. As a regulatory
instrument, building codes set standards and minimum
requirements in all of the various details involved with the
construction of buildings and the development of property.
To be effective, they must be vigorously enforced, and they
should be revised as necessary to keep abreast of changing
construction methods and to allow builders and architects
to use new building materials to better advantage. Building
codes serve the important purpose of preventing construc-
tion that will be short lived, unsafe and unsanitary, and, by
so doing, minimize the many causes for deterioration and
dilapida tion.
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Saline County should adopt and enforce a building code in
the areas adjacent to the City where places of public
assembly and similar commercial and residential structures
are being constructed - - to assure that all areas which
will develop in the future will do so at standards comparable
to those of the City. This will do much to prevent" jerry -
built" subdivisions outside the City's jurisdiction. Salina
and Saline County; fortunately, have discouraged this from
happening in the past.
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CAP IT AL IMPROVEMENT PROGRAM . . . A capital budget
or Capital Improvements Program, which will be published
separately, is a vital part of the present planning program.
A capital improvements program, based upon a realistic
long - range financial plan, will help assure the development
of the public facilities and services recommended in the
City Plan. In planning for the future, we cannot disassociate
the cost of providing for the physical needs of the community
from the ability of its citizens to pay for these needs. The
chances of achieving the goals outlined in the City Plan
would be slim if the community was unable to match the
recommendations with dollars. The Capital Improvements
Program will be designed to integrate the proposed
improvements with the other financial demands upon the City.
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CONTINUOUS PLANNING ... Planning is a continuing
process. A plan on paper in a richly. bound volume is
worthless unless it is adopted and its proposals put into
effect. Implementing a plan and carrying it out is largely
an administrative process. Since cities are constantly
changing, some parts of a plan may become outdated early
in the planning period. It is for these reas ons that planning
must be a continuing process of review and updating to
keep plans current and to make them more useful documents
for evaluating and guiding community growth.
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A continuing program involves keeping current data on land
use, transportation and public facilities. It may also involve
detailed programs for neighborhood rehabilitation, park
plans, central business district studies and the development
of annual capital improvement programs.
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CITIZEN P ARTICIP A TION . . . The participation of individ-
ual citizens in the planning process is essential to the
success of any planning program. The federal government
has placed important emphasis on citizen participation in
"701" planning programs. Citizen participation most often
takes the form of a committee of downtown business men or
a neighborhood group organized to perpetuate a particular
cause which is often localized with respect to the interests
of an entire community. Effective citizen participation,
however, should involve a broad cross section of the entire
population.
The City of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, for example, has
achieved notable success with its planning program by
having a "Citizens Council on City Planning" which has
been instrumental in reversing programs and decisions which
were contrary to sound planning principles. This council
has reviewed each element of the Comprehensive Plan of
Philadelphia and also reviews the annual capital improvement
programs. Many other cities have had similar success with
comparable citizen organizations. Participation of this
nature tends to diss uade undue political influence where
there is conflict between public good and private interest.
A citizen group should be organized to actively participate
in the planning process and to familiarize themselves with
the City's plans and programs and, in turn, to inform and
secure public participation and support for such programs.
An organization of this nature should not be formed to
harass the governing body and its administrators but rather
to give support and guidance in achieving an aggressive
planning program which will result in an efficient government
and an improved urban environment. This kind of committee
should be organized at an early date.
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FUTURE EXPANSION NEEDS
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"Interviews with Department Heads revealed extreme difficulty in estimating
needs for their departments beyond ten years in the future. There are so
many indeterminate factors which would influence such an estimate:
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Population variations
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Changes in duties due to legislation
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Political developments in the community, state or nation
Technological developments
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Economic developments
Cultural and sociological changes.
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"Though there was hesitancy to predict specific requirements for space use,
there was a general concensus that there is a distinct need to provide for
expansion and change.
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"Provision for change should take the following forms:
'Cushion' space within the building (s) as constructed, which would
permit natural and gradual growth, both for personnel and stored
items;
Flexible or movable partitions to permit re-shaping of the depart-
ments and their relationship to each other;
Provision for expansion of the building (s), either horizontally or
vertically, to accommodate increased gross area needs at some
time in the future.
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"Either of the three building combinations, (Completely Separate, Separate
on the same site, Combined Facility), would be readily adaptable to the
provisions for change as described above. For sites A and C, provisions
for vertical expansion should be provided. Due to the limitation of these
sites, horizontal expansion should "be discouraged. The cost estimates in
this report DO NOT INCLUDE provision for vertical expansion unless noted.
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"Provision for expansion horizontally would necessitate the selection of a
site that would permit a generous amount of open lot in addition to the
area used by the building (s).
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"Provision for expansion vertically would of course necessitate the design
of the structural system to accommodate additional loads in the future.
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"Within a combined building, except where functional convenience required
otherwise, the departments of the two governments would be essentially sep-
arated, and would not interfere with alterations of the other party. If
one government should experience reduced space needs, and the other gov-
ernment should expand, the flexible partitioning would permit easy changes.
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"Operation and maintenance costs, and other responsibilities would be charged
on a percentage basis depending on the percentage of departmental space used
by each. The percentages could be re-adjusted, ( if necessary), after each
major shifting of partitions.
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RECAPITULA TION
" PHASE I
"Item 1 . A Combined project is legally possible.
There are no major legal restrictions to a cooperative building effort
between a County Government and the City Government of a City which is
the County Seat.
" Item 2 . Present bui Idings structurally sound but functionally obsolete
Both the City Hall and the Courthouse are structurally adequate, and
would be able to serve their respective governments satisfactorily for
a number of years.
Both of these buildings are obsolete according to present day stand-
ards of lighting, heating, ventilating, air conditioning, fire safety
acoustics, etc.
Both buildings would require a substantial amount of work to improve
finish and trim materials that have deteriorated due to age, weather-
ing, use, etc.
"Item 3 . Existing buildings satisfactorily located
The location of the City Hall is considered satisfactory as to rela-
tion to the central business district, (CBO), but is not large enough
to give the proper setting and dignified character that is important
to a seat of government.
The County Courthouse is satisfactorily related in relation to the CBO.
It would; however, serve the community somewhat more conveniently if it
were closer to the CBO. The size of the site for existing conditions
is satisfactory from a standpoint of character and dignity.
"Item 4 . Traffic is not a problem
There are no major traffic problems encountered at either site.
" Item 5 . Both buildings very short of adequate space
Many departments are lacking in necessary space to adequately and ef-
ficiently conduct their present operations.
Several departments, in addition to lack of enough space, are further
hindered by space that does not function properly, and cannot be made
to function properly due to the inflexibility of the existing build-
ings.
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"Item 6 . It is 'possible' to expand existinq building -
'desirability' questionable
Considered from the standpoint of possibility only, and not necessar-
ily from the standpoint of desirability, it is possible to construct
the needed additional space by addition (s) to the existing buildings.
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It would not be possible, (except by a multi-story, more than three
stories, building), to construct a joint City- County Governmental cen-
ter on the present City HaJJ property.
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It would be possible to construct a joint City - County Governmental
Center on the present Courthouse property.
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"Item 7 . Some cities now use a combined facility
Other cities within and without the borders of Kansas have found that
a joint governmental center has been advantageous from an efficiency
standpoint, particularly in the area of law enforcement. This, plus
savings in construction and operation costs, shows an advantage for
this type of organization.
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"Item 8 . Courthouse neiqhborhood satisfactory
The adjoining land uses in the vicinity of the City Hall are not the
most ideal for a setting for city or county government.
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The land uses in the vicinity of the Courthouse are considered satis-
factory for governmental offices. (Refer to comments under Item 3. )
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"Item 9 . Existinq buildinqs could be used for other purposes
In the event that either the City Hall or the County Courthouse were
to be replaced by a new structure, there are possible uses to which
the existing building (s ) could be put.
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" PHASE II
"Item 1 . The area immediately to northwest of CBD is desirable location
A Governmental Center should be within 600 feet of the periphery of
the CBD.
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Location on wide, arterial streets is desirable. Ninth street, with
access to Interstate Highway 70, and Ash street, with access to Inter-
state Highway 35W, fit this description.
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Area northeast and east of CBD is undesirable because it is zoned for
light industry, and because of the location of the railroads.
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Area to southeast and south is zoned for I ight industry and for gener-
al business. Also traffic patterns are less convenient.
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Land use to south is suitable for a Governmental Center, but a loca-
tion close to the CBD would inhibit business development.
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The land to the southwest and west that is within a convenient dis-
tance from the CBD is already used for largely public and semi-public
uses.
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The area to the northwest provides sites which are a convenient dis-
tance from the CBD and are served by both Ninth and Ash Streets.
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"Item 2 . Three methods of financing possible
1. Accumulation of funds
2. Bond issues
3. Sale of property
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The City of Salina has no funds available for building construction.
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Construction work by the City of Salina in the near future would reo
quire issuance of general obligation bonds affirmed by a bond election.
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Saline County has accumulated approximately $ 429,000. under a special
building fund levy. Saline County is authorized to accumulate the
special building levy at a maximum rate of one ( 1 ) mill. The present
rate of .52 mills should produce $48,322. in 1963 property taxes.
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Saline County is authorized to supplement the levy with bonds until
the fund reaches two-ond-one-half, (2!2), percent of the County assess-
ed valuation. 2!2 percent of the 1963 valuation was $ 2,323,000.
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"Item 3 . Ownership and Organization should be by means of a Building
Authority or Building Commission
Kansas statutes authorize building authorities, but apparently do not
permit the use of revenue bonds.
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The principal reasoning behind the use of building authorities IS
clearly stated in the Indiana Statute:
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'The bringing together of various activities and functions of sev-
eral governmental units into one or more modern buildings would
facilitate the carrying on of public business through closer
grouping and more economical housing. However, the financing,
management, operation and allocation of space in a building used
jointly by several governmental units can be handled efficiently,
fairly, and economically only by a body separate and apart from
the governmental units themselves. '
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"Item 4 . Site' E' judged most desirable
Criteria for judgement:
Ease of building on the site
Appearance of project on site
Walking distance from County Jail
(transporting of prisoners to courts)
Walking distance from CBD
Parking relationships to CBD
Potential for renewal of the area
Appraised value of land
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SITES STUDIED
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SITE C
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SITE B
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!-lOUSE
ITE A
SITE E
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SANTA FE
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"PHASE III
"Item 1 . The City of Salina requires a building area of 37,950.' square feet.
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Saline County requires a building area of 47,320. square feet.
A joint facility to serve both governments would require a building
area of 83,400. square feet.
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The Police Station, (including facilities for the City Court),
would require a building area of 24,940. square feet.
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" Item 2 . Additional reductions in area might be possible if, by mutual ag-
reement, certain functions could. be organized to serve all, (or
several ), departments of both governments.
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"Item 3 . If a Civil Defense Emergency Control Center were included in the
project, federal funds are available for assisting in construction
to meet specific requirements of such a program. (This has not
been included in the areas listed under Item 1, or in the cost est-
imates. )
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" Item 4 . For purposes of cost estimating it was assumed that the materials
and methods of construction would be consistent with other similar
projects in this part of the country. Specifically, the cost esti-
mates are predicated on a building of durable materials, air condi-
tioning, flexibility and expandibility.
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"Item 5 . Estimated costs for CONSTRUCTION ONL Yare:
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City Building.. . .... . $ 773,990. T I $1 729 17000
C t B 'Id' $ 995 180 ota.. . . . . .. . . , , .
oun y UI mg..... ,.
Combined Building. .... . . . . . ....... ............ $1,621,820.00
Difference. ...... .. . . . . ... $ 107,350.00
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"Item 6 . An estimated saving of $1,980. per year is anticipated for operat-
ing costs if a combined building is constructed. This amounts to
$ 99,000. over a period of fifty years of the amount remains con-
stant.
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An estimated saving of $ 2,400. per year in personnel and equipment
rental cost for telephone service is anticipated if a Combined
Building is used. This amounts to $120,000. over a period of fifty
years.
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" Item 7 . Operation and ownership of a combined building would be by means of
a ' Building Commission '. The responsibility of the Building Comm-
ission would be similar to a Building Committee during the con-
struction of the project, and similar to a Board of Trustees for
another public building after the project was completed.
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"Item 8 . Future expansion would be either by addition of floors in the fu-
ture, or would take the form of horizontal expansion. Either form
of expansion must be provided for at the time the original project
is constructed. Vertical expansion requires special foundation
work, and horizontal expansion requires a site large enough to ac-
commodate it.
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TABULATION OF COSTS FOR CITY AND COUNTY OFFICE FACILITIES
SEPARATE BUILDINGS COMB IN ED BUILDING
SITE City County Total City County Total
Cost Cost Cost Cost Cost Cost
Separate ( 7)
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190,000sq.'\ $1,017,210 Sl 124.140 $2 141.350 - - -
Site A ( 2) ( 6) ( 2) ( 6) (2) (6) ( 1) ( 5) (1) (5)
( 1) ( 5)
110 OOOsq.') $ 838,930 $1 066,140 $1,905,070 $ 779,460 $ 1 . 011 . 950 $1. 791 410
Site B ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) ( 3)
(187, 500sq. ') $ 814,900 $1,097,920 $1,912,820 $ 755,820 $1,043,340 $1,799,160
Site B witt ( 3) ( 4) ( 3) (4)
:ity Police - - - $ 729,450 $1,010,050 $1,739,500
Site C ( 6) ( 6) ( 6) ( 5) ( 5) ( 5)
(107, 500sq. ' ) $ 859,010 $1,092,210 $1,951,220 $ 779,860 $1,037,700 $1 , 837 , 560
Site D
150,000sq.' ) $ 948,660 $1,208,650 $2,157,310 $ 890,950 $1,152,700 $2,043,650
Site E
160 ,000sq. I ) $ 962,400 $1,226,510 $2,188,910 $ 904,920 $1,170,330 $2,075,250
(7) "An additional $ 25,000 should be included ($ 71,000 City and $ 74,000 County) for
difficulty of construction around Courthouse to prevent a double move by the
County.
(2) "An additional $ 75,000 should be included for one of the two buildings to pre-
vent either a double move by County, or a two year delay for City facilities.
(3) "This eliminates Memorial Hall, so an additional amount would be required to re-
place this facility (including land) by the City.
(4) " Amount does not include City Po/ice facilities, which would be $ 595,530 additional.
(5) "Due to size of site an additional $ 75,000 ($ 6,600 City and $ 8,400 County) should
be included for provision for vertical expansion.
(6) "Due to size of site, an additional $ 7,000 for the City Building and $ 9,000 for
the County Building should be included for provision for vertical expansion.
(7) "If County Building were limited to Courthouse site, County costs would be
$ 1,042,940., however, $15,000 should be added for difficulty of Construction to
prevent double move and $ 9,000 for provision for vertical expansion due to size
of site.
" NOTE:
" Costs do not include costs for a City Police Facility. This is estimated to be
from $545,570. to $620,750. depending upon site used.
"Except where the County Courthouse property is used as part of the building site,
it has been assumed the Courthouse and City Hall properties would be sold. This
110 is reflected in the above figures.
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RECOMMENDA TIONS
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"It is the recommendation of this report that Saline County and the City of Salina:
" 1. - Elect to proceed with the construction and joint ownership of a Combined
Building to serve the County and City Governments;
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A combined saving of $107,350. in construction cost, and $ 4,380.
in yearly operating cost should be realized by this action.
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In the light of the urgent need of many departments of both City
and County governments for additional and more functional space,
it is recommended that a decision be made at an early date, and
that a building program be started promptly.
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"2. - Form a Building Commission for the planning, construction and joint own-
ership and operation of the proposed building;
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"3. . The Building Commission be invested with the power to select and work
with an Architect for the project as a Building Committee, and after the
project is completed, to serve as a Board of Trustees for the operation
of the project;
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"4. - Select a site for the Combined Building:
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It is the recommendation of this report that Site E be selected
because of its greater potential for convenience, flexibility
and expansion. (Site 0 also has many of these advantages except
the shape of site is more restrictive. )
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If cost must be the determining factor, Site A is the obvious
choice. However, it .should be pointed out that Site E has 45 %
more area than Site A.
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If the City should find it feasible to abandon the use of a Civic
Auditorium for a period of years, or to construct a new Auditor.
ium simultaneously with the proposed City-County Building, then
Site' B' would be the recommendation of this report. Site I B '
would afford the greatest amount of usable site area for the a-
mount of money spent and at the least expenditure of money.
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"5. - Hire an Architect within four weeks of the first reading of this report
to begin preliminary planning at once in preparation for a bond election
at the earliest date possible and practicable;
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"6. - Coincident with the above recommendations, it is recommended that the
City purchase property and construct a new Police Station convenient to
the existing County Jail. "
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\NIL-PAINT [__~..-r]
629 EAST CRAWFORD SALINA, KANSAS .......
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